MMSC490 CERTIFICATION EXAM 2026
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
◍ A gene can be defined as a segment of DNA that codes for
a protein.
messenger RNA or ribosomal RNA.
a functional product.
messenger RNA. Answer:a functional product.
◍ Introns in mRNA-coding genes are the transcribed sequences
that code for proteins.
that are removed by nucleases.
between protein-coding sequences.
that regulate mRNA translation. Answer:between protein-coding
sequences.
◍ In the nucleus, introns are removed from transcripts by
endonucleases.
exonucleases.
restriction nucleases.
splicing. Answer:splicing
,◍ Introns can encode
microRNAs.
small nuclear RNAs.
sequences that control RNA processing. Answer:All of the above
◍ Histone genes have
larger exons than introns.
a single long intron.
larger introns than exons.
no introns. Answer:no introns.
◍ Introns constitute about what percentage of the average human gene?
Answer:90%
◍ Synthesis of different proteins from the same gene is due to
exon shuffling.
intron shuffling.
exon splicing.
alternative splicing. Answer:alternative splicing.
◍ Simple-sequence repeats
,re-associate more rapidly than non-repeated sequences.
are present in tandem arrays of thousands of copies.
sediment as unique bands in equilibrium density-gradient centrifugation.
Answer:all of the above
◍ A gene family is a
set of slightly different genes present as one copy each in a set of
individuals.
family of individuals in which each has an identical sequence of the
same gene.
family of individuals with the same gene.
set of related but slightly different genes present in one individual.
Answer:set of related but slightly different genes present in one
individual.
◍ Pseudogenes are
inactive genes.
genes containing variant sequences.
nonfunctional gene copies.
genes that code for an RNA but do not code for a protein.
Answer:nonfunctional gene copies
◍ What is the term used to describe functional protein encoding regions
found completely within an intron?
, Pseudogene
Nested gene
Alternative splicing
Polymorphism Answer:Nested gene
◍ During the processing of miRNAs, which of the following cleaves the
5ʹ and 3ʹ tails away from the hairpin structure in the primary miRNA
transcript?
Integrase
RNAse
Drosha
Dicer Answer:Drosha
◍ Results of cesium chloride density gradient centrifugation on genomic
DNA often reveal relatively small peaks of DNA that separate from the
main genomic DNA peak and consist of 1,000s of short repetitive
sequences referred to as
short interspersed elements.
long interspersed elements.
satellite DNA.
transposable elements. Answer:satellite DNA.
◍ During metaphase in actively dividing cells, DNA is found in which
of the following?
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
◍ A gene can be defined as a segment of DNA that codes for
a protein.
messenger RNA or ribosomal RNA.
a functional product.
messenger RNA. Answer:a functional product.
◍ Introns in mRNA-coding genes are the transcribed sequences
that code for proteins.
that are removed by nucleases.
between protein-coding sequences.
that regulate mRNA translation. Answer:between protein-coding
sequences.
◍ In the nucleus, introns are removed from transcripts by
endonucleases.
exonucleases.
restriction nucleases.
splicing. Answer:splicing
,◍ Introns can encode
microRNAs.
small nuclear RNAs.
sequences that control RNA processing. Answer:All of the above
◍ Histone genes have
larger exons than introns.
a single long intron.
larger introns than exons.
no introns. Answer:no introns.
◍ Introns constitute about what percentage of the average human gene?
Answer:90%
◍ Synthesis of different proteins from the same gene is due to
exon shuffling.
intron shuffling.
exon splicing.
alternative splicing. Answer:alternative splicing.
◍ Simple-sequence repeats
,re-associate more rapidly than non-repeated sequences.
are present in tandem arrays of thousands of copies.
sediment as unique bands in equilibrium density-gradient centrifugation.
Answer:all of the above
◍ A gene family is a
set of slightly different genes present as one copy each in a set of
individuals.
family of individuals in which each has an identical sequence of the
same gene.
family of individuals with the same gene.
set of related but slightly different genes present in one individual.
Answer:set of related but slightly different genes present in one
individual.
◍ Pseudogenes are
inactive genes.
genes containing variant sequences.
nonfunctional gene copies.
genes that code for an RNA but do not code for a protein.
Answer:nonfunctional gene copies
◍ What is the term used to describe functional protein encoding regions
found completely within an intron?
, Pseudogene
Nested gene
Alternative splicing
Polymorphism Answer:Nested gene
◍ During the processing of miRNAs, which of the following cleaves the
5ʹ and 3ʹ tails away from the hairpin structure in the primary miRNA
transcript?
Integrase
RNAse
Drosha
Dicer Answer:Drosha
◍ Results of cesium chloride density gradient centrifugation on genomic
DNA often reveal relatively small peaks of DNA that separate from the
main genomic DNA peak and consist of 1,000s of short repetitive
sequences referred to as
short interspersed elements.
long interspersed elements.
satellite DNA.
transposable elements. Answer:satellite DNA.
◍ During metaphase in actively dividing cells, DNA is found in which
of the following?
