Dental Hygiene Local Anesthesia – Complete
Exam & Study Guide Latest Update 2026
describe the polarization of a nerve cell: - ...correct answer...-at rest, inside of a
cell is slightly (-) charged and outside is lightly (+) charged. (70 mv) difference.
describe the depolarization of a nerve cell: - ...correct answer...-when there is an
influx of Na+ ions and it causes the cell to become depolarized with a (+) charge.
describe the repolarization of a nerve cell: - ...correct answer...-begins
immediately after depolarization with potassium (+) ions leaving the cell in order
to restore equilibrium.
myelinated nerves conduct impulses _________ with ________ energy. -
...correct answer...-faster; less
what do the nodes of ranvier on myelinated nerves allow for? - ...correct
answer...-the passage of local anesthesia into the nerve cell.
what is the primary action of local anesthetics? - ...correct answer...-to block pain
perception/transmission by decreasing permeability of sodium ions.
where does the biotransformation of esters occur? - ...correct answer...-in the
pseudocholinesterase of blood plasma and is then excreted by the kidneys.
where does the biotransformation of amides occur? - ...correct answer...-in the
liver and is then excreted by the kidneys.
, which local anesthetic type is less likely to admit an allergic reaction? - ...correct
answer...-amides
___________ are readily hydrolyzed in aqueous solutions, and _____________
are resistant to hydrolysis in aqueous solutions. - ...correct answer...-esters;
amides
what is the first sensation that is lost with local anesthetics? - ...correct answer...-
pain
what is the function of sodium chloride in local anesthetics? - ...correct answer...-
to maintain an isotonic solution
what happens when there is infection in the area of an injection? - ...correct
answer...-because of its low pH, local anesthetic is less effective.
what is the most commonly used local anesthesia without a vasoconstricter? -
...correct answer...-carbocaine 3%
what is the safe does of a vasoconstricter in a healthy patient? - ...correct
answer...-.2 mg
what is the safe does of a vasoconstricter for a cardiac compromised patient? -
...correct answer...-.04 mg
Exam & Study Guide Latest Update 2026
describe the polarization of a nerve cell: - ...correct answer...-at rest, inside of a
cell is slightly (-) charged and outside is lightly (+) charged. (70 mv) difference.
describe the depolarization of a nerve cell: - ...correct answer...-when there is an
influx of Na+ ions and it causes the cell to become depolarized with a (+) charge.
describe the repolarization of a nerve cell: - ...correct answer...-begins
immediately after depolarization with potassium (+) ions leaving the cell in order
to restore equilibrium.
myelinated nerves conduct impulses _________ with ________ energy. -
...correct answer...-faster; less
what do the nodes of ranvier on myelinated nerves allow for? - ...correct
answer...-the passage of local anesthesia into the nerve cell.
what is the primary action of local anesthetics? - ...correct answer...-to block pain
perception/transmission by decreasing permeability of sodium ions.
where does the biotransformation of esters occur? - ...correct answer...-in the
pseudocholinesterase of blood plasma and is then excreted by the kidneys.
where does the biotransformation of amides occur? - ...correct answer...-in the
liver and is then excreted by the kidneys.
, which local anesthetic type is less likely to admit an allergic reaction? - ...correct
answer...-amides
___________ are readily hydrolyzed in aqueous solutions, and _____________
are resistant to hydrolysis in aqueous solutions. - ...correct answer...-esters;
amides
what is the first sensation that is lost with local anesthetics? - ...correct answer...-
pain
what is the function of sodium chloride in local anesthetics? - ...correct answer...-
to maintain an isotonic solution
what happens when there is infection in the area of an injection? - ...correct
answer...-because of its low pH, local anesthetic is less effective.
what is the most commonly used local anesthesia without a vasoconstricter? -
...correct answer...-carbocaine 3%
what is the safe does of a vasoconstricter in a healthy patient? - ...correct
answer...-.2 mg
what is the safe does of a vasoconstricter for a cardiac compromised patient? -
...correct answer...-.04 mg
