VATI Remediation QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS,100% CORRECT

VATI Remediation QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A client is being treated with Diazepam for alcohol detoxification. What are manifestations of alcohol withdrawal that the nurse should monitor for? Nausea,vomiting , tremors,restlessness, inability to sleep, depressed mood, irritability, increased heart rate, increased BP, increased temp., increased RR, tonic-clonic seizures A client prescribed furosemide has been experiencing hypokalemia. Identify nursing interventions the nurse should implement for a client who has the electrolyte imbalance, hypokalemia. Nursing interventions include monitoring cardiac status and potassium levels as well as reporting potassium levels below 3.5 mEq/L Suggested Pharmacology Learning Activity: Medications affecting the Cardiac System What time of day should zolpidem be taken? What are the adverse effects of this medication? Take right before bedtime, avoid taking with food or immediately after a meal. Adverse affects: daytime drowsiness, dizziness, abnormal thinking Suggested Pharmacology Learning Activity: Medication Therapy for Acute Nervous Systems Disorders A client has been prescribed disulfiram for the treatment of alcoholism. What client education regarding this medication should the nurse reinforce? Inform patient of purpose of disulfiram ( to aid alcohol withdrawal) and the consequences of drinking alcohol during therapy. May cause drowsiness. Caution patient to avoid driving and other activities requiring alertness until response to medication is known. A nurse is reinforcing medication teaching to a client being discharged on Nitrostat for angina. What information related to administration should be reinforced? Sublignual (Buccal) Tablet should be held under tongue until dissolved. Avoid eating, drinking, or smoking until tablet is dissolved Instruct patient to take medication as directed, even if feeling better. Take missed doses as soon as remembered unless next dose is scheduled within 2 hr (6 hr with extended-release preparations). Do not double doses. Do not discontinue abruptly; gradual dose reduction may be necessary to prevent rebound angina. Suggested Pharmacology Learning Activity: Medications affecting the Cardiac System A client has been prescribed prednisone for rheumatoid arthritis. Identify three (3) adverse effect of long-term use of this medication. 1. Slow wound healing 2. Immunosuppression 3. Weight Gain Suggested Learning Activity: Medication for Pain and Inflammation List three (3) medications that can cause interactions with Lisinopril? 1. Aspirin & Naproxen and other NSAIDS 2. Diuretics 3. Potassium supplements Suggested Pharmacology Learning Activity: Medications affecting the Cardiac system A client is being treated with Diazepam for alcohol detoxification. What are manifestations of alcohol withdrawal that the nurse should monitor for? A client prescribed furosemide has been experiencing hypokalemia. Identify nursing interventions the nurse should implement for a client who has the electrolyte imbalance, hypokalemia. Suggested Pharmacology Learning Activity: Medications affecting the Cardiac System Furosemide aka Lasix is a non- potassium sparing loop diuretic A client has been prescribed bisacodyl. What information regarding the use of laxatives should the nurse reinforce with the client? Suggested Pharmacology Learning Activity: Laxatives, Anti-Diarrheals Advise patients, other than those with spinal cord injuries, that laxatives should be used only for short-term therapy. Prolonged therapy may cause electrolyte imbalance and dependence. Advise patient to increase fluid intake to at least 1500– 2000 mL/day during therapy to prevent dehydration. Encourage patients to use other forms of bowel regulation (increasing bulk in the diet, increasing fluid intake, or increasing mobility). Normal bowel habits may vary from 3 times/day to 3 times/wk How would a nurse administer ear drops to a client who is 10 weeks old? Pull the pt auricle down and back to admin ear drops How would a nurse administer ear drops to a client who is 72 years old? Auricle Up and out for adults Suggested Pharmacology Learning Activity: Otic Drug Administration Propranolol can mask the hypoglycemic effect of insulin. What preventative measure should the nurse take when hypoglycemia is suspected in a client who is taking Propranolol? Suggested Pharmacology Learning Activity: Medications affecting the Cardiac System Beta blockers decrease the body's adrenergic "fight-or-flight" response and may block the symptoms and signs of hypoglycemia that a diabetic normally perceives as the blood sugar drops. Beta blockers may inhibit glycogenolysis, resulting in hypoglycemia and have no effect on the development of insulin resistance. Nurse should carefully monitor pt taking propanolol by frequently checking blood glucose levels. The nurse is discussing the concern with a client of taking rifampin concurrently with warfarin. What is the concern with concurrent use of these two (2) medications? Suggested Pharmacology: Antituberculars, Antivrals, and Antiprotozoals This combination can reduce the effects of warfarin Nutrition and diet can affect your treatment with warfarin. Therefore, it is important to keep your vitamin supplement and food intake steady throughout treatment. For example, increasing vitamin K levels in the body can promote clotting and reduce the effectiveness of warfarin. While there is no need to avoid products that contain vitamin K, you should maintain a consistent level of consumption of these products. Foods rich in vitamin K include beef liver, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, collard greens, endive, kale, lettuce, mustard greens, parsley, soy beans, spinach, Swiss chard, turnip greens, watercress, and other green leafy vegetables A client with Type 1 diabetes asks the nurse if it would be okay to take Black Cohosh as a supplement to relieve her menopause symptoms. What is the nurse’s best response? Suggested Pharmacology Learning Activity: Herbal and Over the Counter Drugs Advise pt against taking it because it increases hypoglycemia in clients taking insulin or other medications for diabetes. A nurse is administering phenytoin to a client diagnosed with seizures. What should the nurse reinforce in client education about this medication? Suggested Pharmacology Learning Activity: Acute Nervous System Disorders Advise patient not to take phenytoin within 2– 3 hr of antacids. Instruct patient to take medication as directed, at the same time each day. If a dose is missed from a once-a-day schedule, take as soon as possible and return to regular dosing schedule. If taking several doses a day, take missed dose as soon as possible within 4 hr of next scheduled dose; do not double doses. Instruct patient to consult their health care provider if doses are missed for 2 consecutive days. Abrupt withdrawal may lead to status epilepticus. May cause drowsiness or dizziness. Caution patient to avoid driving or other activities requiring alertness until response to medication is known. Do not resume driving until physician gives clearance based on control of seizure disorder. Caution patient to avoid alcohol and CNS depressants A client is experiencing bradycardia, shortness of breath, fatigue and ECG changes. Which of the following medications should be held? Metronidazole Folic Acid Metoprolol Omeprazole Metoprolol is a beta blocker that affects the heart and circulation; used to treat angina A client is prescribed furosemide. What are four (4) foods the nurse should include when reinforcing dietary education for this medication? Suggested Pharmacology Learning Activity: Renal Medications Foods high in potassium: 1. Beef liver 2. broccoli 3. Brussel sprouts 4. Kale A nurse is preparing to administer a transdermal nicotine patch. What client education concerning a transdermal nicotine patch should the nurse reinforce? Suggested Pharmacology Learning Activity: Medication Administration Start this medication on your quit (smoking) day. The patch should be applied to a clean, dry, non-hairy area on the trunk or upper arm. C The nurse is evaluating a client administering their own albuterol inhaler? Which of the following would indicate to the nurse that further education is needed? Shake the inhaler vigorously five to six times Hold the inhaler with the mouthpiece at the bottom Take a deep breath and then exhale Hold the breath for 20 seconds to allow the medication to deposit in your airways. Pharmacology Learning Activity: Medications affecting Airflow A graduate nurse is preparing to administer medication to a client. What are the rights of medication administration the nurse should review before administering any medication? Suggested Pharmacology Learning Activity: Medication Administration 1. Right Patient 2. Right Time 3. Right Dose 4. Right Route 5. Right Medication 6. Right Documentation Focused Review -Nitroglycerin sublingual tablets if the first tablet does not work within 15 minutes call 911, then take a second tablet. Penicillin G for IM use is a narrow spectrum not given through IV because it is not water soluble. Myopathy is muscle pain, aches and tenderness; they can progress to myostitis or rhabdomyolysis. Document a baseline creatine kinase level and continue to monitor levels periodically during treatment. Instruct clients to report muscle aches, pain and tenderness. If CK levels rise, the provider might discontinue statin therapy.