LAS FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS7
"Open Veins of Latin America" - ANSWERS-Written by Galeano was a Uruguayan journalist that
gave an analysis of Latin American history that described the degree of economic exploitation
that occurred in Latin America. Important because he was criticizing the US and other countries
for making LA the place it is for exploiting them and their resources.
quincentenary - ANSWERS-500th anniversary of Columbus. Latin Americans didn't view as a
celebration, rather used it as a time to reflect on colonialism and the two centuries since.
¡Basta! - ANSWERS-Translates to enough. Refers to people having enough neoliberalism, open
veins, and institutions not helping the masses, corruption.
EZLN - ANSWERS-Armed revolution in Mexico in 1994 by indigenous people that were armed.
Important because people have had enough of government corruption
Ayotzinapa 43 - ANSWERS-Mass kidnaping in Mexico that occurred in 2014 where 43 students
went missing and no one knows what happened.
José Martí - ANSWERS-Cuban poet and journalist that called Latin America to a higher standard
during the Cuban Revolution. He was strong critic of neocolonialism and believed in a Cuba that
was free from European influence and neocolonialism. He compared the Incas to the Greeks,
and was influenced by the idea of "Our America".
United Fruit Company - ANSWERS-Multinational corporation started in the late 19th century
with prevalence in Central America, Venezuela, & Colombia. It owned large proportions of land
in several Latin American countries, which allowed them to control and manipulate political
decisions in order to maintain their monopoly and regional influence.
, Banana republics - ANSWERS-Term used to critique these countries or "republics" in the late
19th century that relied on the export of bananas as a main source of income. This led to
countries losing sovereign political rule and being exploited for their cheap labor and resourced
that were being extracted.
La raza cósmica - ANSWERS-Historical lens racist essay written by Jose Vasconcesos in the 1920s
that states that Mexicans have achieved an optimal blend to be the most successful race in the
world. Important because Mexico was experiencing a revolution during this time and they were
breaking from the neocolonialism model.
mãe preta - ANSWERS-Brazilian term that translates to black mammy that resurfaced in the
early 1900s. Important because it relates to the idea of race and the national identity that Brazil
was trying to uncover.
racial democracy - ANSWERS-Idea established in the early 1900s that said that Brazilian's can't
see race. Important because it relates to the idea of race and the national identity that Brazil
was trying to uncover.
cultural nationalism - ANSWERS-The idea developed in the 1920s of making culture a part of
your national identity. Important because it relates to the idea of race and the national identity
that a lot of Latin American countries were trying to figure out.
IMF - ANSWERS-The International Monterey Fund is a financial institution located in D.C. that
was formed through the 1944 Bretton Woods Agreement that sets and enforces rules for
international banking and the global economy . Important because they lend loans and tend to
look out for the US and their interests.
World Bank - ANSWERS-The World Bank is a financial institution located in D.C. that was formed
through the 1944 Bretton Woods Agreement that establishes world economy increase as US
growth . Important because they lend loans and look out for the US and their interests.
ANSWERS7
"Open Veins of Latin America" - ANSWERS-Written by Galeano was a Uruguayan journalist that
gave an analysis of Latin American history that described the degree of economic exploitation
that occurred in Latin America. Important because he was criticizing the US and other countries
for making LA the place it is for exploiting them and their resources.
quincentenary - ANSWERS-500th anniversary of Columbus. Latin Americans didn't view as a
celebration, rather used it as a time to reflect on colonialism and the two centuries since.
¡Basta! - ANSWERS-Translates to enough. Refers to people having enough neoliberalism, open
veins, and institutions not helping the masses, corruption.
EZLN - ANSWERS-Armed revolution in Mexico in 1994 by indigenous people that were armed.
Important because people have had enough of government corruption
Ayotzinapa 43 - ANSWERS-Mass kidnaping in Mexico that occurred in 2014 where 43 students
went missing and no one knows what happened.
José Martí - ANSWERS-Cuban poet and journalist that called Latin America to a higher standard
during the Cuban Revolution. He was strong critic of neocolonialism and believed in a Cuba that
was free from European influence and neocolonialism. He compared the Incas to the Greeks,
and was influenced by the idea of "Our America".
United Fruit Company - ANSWERS-Multinational corporation started in the late 19th century
with prevalence in Central America, Venezuela, & Colombia. It owned large proportions of land
in several Latin American countries, which allowed them to control and manipulate political
decisions in order to maintain their monopoly and regional influence.
, Banana republics - ANSWERS-Term used to critique these countries or "republics" in the late
19th century that relied on the export of bananas as a main source of income. This led to
countries losing sovereign political rule and being exploited for their cheap labor and resourced
that were being extracted.
La raza cósmica - ANSWERS-Historical lens racist essay written by Jose Vasconcesos in the 1920s
that states that Mexicans have achieved an optimal blend to be the most successful race in the
world. Important because Mexico was experiencing a revolution during this time and they were
breaking from the neocolonialism model.
mãe preta - ANSWERS-Brazilian term that translates to black mammy that resurfaced in the
early 1900s. Important because it relates to the idea of race and the national identity that Brazil
was trying to uncover.
racial democracy - ANSWERS-Idea established in the early 1900s that said that Brazilian's can't
see race. Important because it relates to the idea of race and the national identity that Brazil
was trying to uncover.
cultural nationalism - ANSWERS-The idea developed in the 1920s of making culture a part of
your national identity. Important because it relates to the idea of race and the national identity
that a lot of Latin American countries were trying to figure out.
IMF - ANSWERS-The International Monterey Fund is a financial institution located in D.C. that
was formed through the 1944 Bretton Woods Agreement that sets and enforces rules for
international banking and the global economy . Important because they lend loans and tend to
look out for the US and their interests.
World Bank - ANSWERS-The World Bank is a financial institution located in D.C. that was formed
through the 1944 Bretton Woods Agreement that establishes world economy increase as US
growth . Important because they lend loans and look out for the US and their interests.
