MMSC 409 exam 1 Questions With Complete Solutions
12 month deferral Correct Answers -recipient of blood/ blood
products/ clotting factors
-close contact with viral hepatitis or AIDS
-sexual partner of someone on permanent deferral
-inmate of prison/ mental institution
-needlestick exposure
-HbIG recipient (given in cases where HBV is a high risk)
-piercings/ tattoo
-accupuncture
-treatment for syphilis or gonorrhea
-travel to malaria endemic country
-rabies shot
-transplant or graft recipient
-cocaine use
2 week deferral Correct Answers immunizations for small pox,
measles (rubeola), mumps, yellow fever or polio (SABIN)
2,3 DPG Correct Answers a molecule that binds to the beta
chains of oxyhemoglobin and forces the oxygen on the
hemoglobin to be released into tissues
-high concentrations will increase O2 delivery to tissues
-low concentrations will decrease O2 delivery to tissues
(increased O2 carrying capacity of hemoglobin)
2ME and DTT Correct Answers sulfhydrl reducing agens that
are used to break the covalent bonds connecting an IgM
pentamer
,-used to break down IgM in a mixed IgM/IgG solution, so the
IgG antibodies can be detected
3 year deferral Correct Answers -malaria
-immigrant from malaria endemic country
-acitretin (causes birth defects)
4 week deferral Correct Answers -german measles (rubella)
immunization
-proscar & accutane (birth defects)
5 year deferral Correct Answers cancer in the last 5 years
AABB Correct Answers -write stands that blood collection
centers and transfusion centers must follow for testing
-voluntary accreditation of either people or facilities
-writes technical manuals
-ensures that standards for CMS (medicare and medicaid) are
met
ABO antigens Correct Answers A, B, O (recessive and
amorphic) and H
ABO discrepancy Correct Answers forward and reverse type
tests do not match
-additional testing required
-usually are resolved due to instrumentation and procedures
-usually due to an error
-occasionally due to chimerism
ABO frequencies black population Correct Answers -O: 50%
,-A: 25%
-B: 20%
-AB: 4%
ABO frequencies white population Correct Answers -O: 45%
-A: 40%
-B: 11%
-AB: 4%
ABO genes Correct Answers consist of 2 codominant alleles
-A: AO or AA
-B: BO or BB
-AB: AB
-O: OO
ABO system Correct Answers the most important blood group
system because reciprocal (antithetical) antibodies are present in
the serum of all individuals, so it is always important
-if you lack a certain ABO antigen you will automatically have
antibodies against the antigens you lack, even without exposure
to that blood type
-you need to ensure that blood and products are compatible so
that ABO Abs in patient serum do not react
accuracy in blood banking Correct Answers it is important that
testing in blood banks and transfusion labs are 100% accurate to
avoid severe transfusion reactions due to incompatability
-donated blood units need to be typed properly to ensure they
are given to the right patient
-recipients need to be typed properly to ensure they recieve the
correct units of blood
, ACD-A, CPD, CP2D Correct Answers anticoagulants that are
used for storage of RBCs in whole blood
-contain citrate, monobasic sodium phosphate and dextrose
-expiration: 21 days
-store at 1-6 C
acquired (adaptive) immunity Correct Answers defense
mechanisms that are able to change and respond to a specific
infectious agent
-T cells (Th, Tm) and B cells (Bm and plasma) respond to
specific antigens
-Abs form against specific Ags
-classical complement activation responds to Ag-Ab complexes
and clears them out
activation of classical complement pathway Correct Answers -
immune complexes
-2 or more IgG
-1 or more IgM
additive solutions Correct Answers additive solutions are used
with RBCs to keep them viable after they have been removed
from plasma and offer other benefits
-longer shelf life: provide nutrients so RBCs are able to survive
longer
-production of more products: removing RBCs from whole
blood and storing them in solution makes it possible for platelets
and plasma to be used as separate therapies
-easier transfusions: RBCs that are in solution instead of plasma
is less viscous and easier to transfuse than whole blood
12 month deferral Correct Answers -recipient of blood/ blood
products/ clotting factors
-close contact with viral hepatitis or AIDS
-sexual partner of someone on permanent deferral
-inmate of prison/ mental institution
-needlestick exposure
-HbIG recipient (given in cases where HBV is a high risk)
-piercings/ tattoo
-accupuncture
-treatment for syphilis or gonorrhea
-travel to malaria endemic country
-rabies shot
-transplant or graft recipient
-cocaine use
2 week deferral Correct Answers immunizations for small pox,
measles (rubeola), mumps, yellow fever or polio (SABIN)
2,3 DPG Correct Answers a molecule that binds to the beta
chains of oxyhemoglobin and forces the oxygen on the
hemoglobin to be released into tissues
-high concentrations will increase O2 delivery to tissues
-low concentrations will decrease O2 delivery to tissues
(increased O2 carrying capacity of hemoglobin)
2ME and DTT Correct Answers sulfhydrl reducing agens that
are used to break the covalent bonds connecting an IgM
pentamer
,-used to break down IgM in a mixed IgM/IgG solution, so the
IgG antibodies can be detected
3 year deferral Correct Answers -malaria
-immigrant from malaria endemic country
-acitretin (causes birth defects)
4 week deferral Correct Answers -german measles (rubella)
immunization
-proscar & accutane (birth defects)
5 year deferral Correct Answers cancer in the last 5 years
AABB Correct Answers -write stands that blood collection
centers and transfusion centers must follow for testing
-voluntary accreditation of either people or facilities
-writes technical manuals
-ensures that standards for CMS (medicare and medicaid) are
met
ABO antigens Correct Answers A, B, O (recessive and
amorphic) and H
ABO discrepancy Correct Answers forward and reverse type
tests do not match
-additional testing required
-usually are resolved due to instrumentation and procedures
-usually due to an error
-occasionally due to chimerism
ABO frequencies black population Correct Answers -O: 50%
,-A: 25%
-B: 20%
-AB: 4%
ABO frequencies white population Correct Answers -O: 45%
-A: 40%
-B: 11%
-AB: 4%
ABO genes Correct Answers consist of 2 codominant alleles
-A: AO or AA
-B: BO or BB
-AB: AB
-O: OO
ABO system Correct Answers the most important blood group
system because reciprocal (antithetical) antibodies are present in
the serum of all individuals, so it is always important
-if you lack a certain ABO antigen you will automatically have
antibodies against the antigens you lack, even without exposure
to that blood type
-you need to ensure that blood and products are compatible so
that ABO Abs in patient serum do not react
accuracy in blood banking Correct Answers it is important that
testing in blood banks and transfusion labs are 100% accurate to
avoid severe transfusion reactions due to incompatability
-donated blood units need to be typed properly to ensure they
are given to the right patient
-recipients need to be typed properly to ensure they recieve the
correct units of blood
, ACD-A, CPD, CP2D Correct Answers anticoagulants that are
used for storage of RBCs in whole blood
-contain citrate, monobasic sodium phosphate and dextrose
-expiration: 21 days
-store at 1-6 C
acquired (adaptive) immunity Correct Answers defense
mechanisms that are able to change and respond to a specific
infectious agent
-T cells (Th, Tm) and B cells (Bm and plasma) respond to
specific antigens
-Abs form against specific Ags
-classical complement activation responds to Ag-Ab complexes
and clears them out
activation of classical complement pathway Correct Answers -
immune complexes
-2 or more IgG
-1 or more IgM
additive solutions Correct Answers additive solutions are used
with RBCs to keep them viable after they have been removed
from plasma and offer other benefits
-longer shelf life: provide nutrients so RBCs are able to survive
longer
-production of more products: removing RBCs from whole
blood and storing them in solution makes it possible for platelets
and plasma to be used as separate therapies
-easier transfusions: RBCs that are in solution instead of plasma
is less viscous and easier to transfuse than whole blood
