THE TENSES
Tense Example Concept Keywords Structure Notes /
Mistakes
Present I study Gewoonte, always, Verb (+s in Geen '-ing' vorm.
Simple every day. feit, mening usually, 3rd Derde persoon
often, person) krijgt -s.
sometimes,
never,
every day
Present I am Actie bezig now, at the am/is/are + Gebruik geen
Continuous studying nu, tijdelijke moment, verb-ing stative verbs in
now. situatie, currently continuous
irritatie vorm.
Past Simple I studied Afgesloten yesterday, Verb in Gebruik 'did'
last night. acties in het last week, past form voor
verleden in 2010, (2nd form) vragen/negaties.
ago
Past I was Actie bezig op while, when was/were Gebruik met
Continuous studying specifiek + verb-ing onderbrekingen
when you moment in het (past simple +
called. verleden past
continuous).
Present I have Verleden actie ever, never, have/has + Niet gebruiken
Perfect seen that met effect op already, past met afgewerkte
movie. nu just, yet, participle tijdsbepaling.
since, for
Past Perfect I had Actie vóór een before, had + past Geeft volgorde
finished andere after, when participle van
when he verleden actie gebeurtenissen
arrived. aan in het
verleden.
Future I will call Spontane tomorrow, will + base Gebruik 'will' niet
Simple you later. beslissingen, next week verb na 'when'.
voorspellingen
Future I will be Actie bezig in at this time will be + Gebruik voor
Continuous working at de toekomst tomorrow verb-ing verwachte
5 PM. situatie in
toekomst.
Future I will have Actie voltooid by, by the will have + Wordt vaak
Perfect finished by voor bepaald time past gebruikt met
6. moment in participle deadlines.
toekomst
Present I have Actie since, for, have/has Focus op duur
Perfect been begonnen in all day been + van de actie.
Continuous studying verleden, nog verb-ing
for 2 bezig
hours.
Past Perfect I had been Duur van actie for, since had been + Gebruik met
Continuous waiting for vóór ander verb-ing nadruk op
an hour. moment in tijdsduur vóór
verleden verleden
moment.
, The Past Tenses
1 She visited me a week ago. 1 period of time is over
Past Simple 2 We always drank orange juice before breakfast. 2 habit in the past
3 He woke up, washed, dressed, went downstairs 3 succession of actions in
had breakfast, ... past (narrative past)
1 He was working hard yesterday morning, 1 action going on in the past
Past Continuous when I came in
1 When I woke up, I saw that someone had been 1 action that happened
Past Perfect in the house that night. before another action in the past
1 I had been waiting for him for an hour 1 action that happened before
Past Perfect Continuous when he arrived. another action in the past
The Future Tenses
Future Simple = Pure 1 Tomorrow will be a warm and sunny day. 1 neutral prediction (formal)
Future (1st person 2 I'll (shall) get my diary. 2 immediate reaction
(SHALL/)'LL, 2nd and 3rd
person WILL/'LL)
1 This time tomorrow, I'll be dining with him. 1 action going on in the future
2 The plane will be landing in a few minutes. 2 neutral prediction (informal)
Future Continuous 3 Will you be needing the car tomorrow? 3 asking about sby's future activities
1 I'll have finished my work by the time 1 action that will be completed before
you get back. a definite future time
Future Perfect 2 On July 3rd we shall/will have lived here 2 duration up to a future moment
for 10 years.
1 Next week the director will have been 1 action going on up to a given time
Future Perfect Continuous running the company for 20 years. in the future + stress on duration
1 I'm going to write an article in French. 1 intentional future
To be going to + inf. 2 It's going to rain. 2 near future subjective certainty of
speaker
, Irregular verb list
Past Tense Past Participle
Verb
arise arose arisen
awake awoke awoke
be was, were been
bear bore borne
beat beat beaten
become became become
begin began begun
bend bent bent
bet bet bet
bind bound bound
bite bit bitten
bleed bled bled
blow blew blown
break broke broken
bring brought brought
build built built
burst burst burst
buy bought bought
catch caught caught
choose chose chosen
come came come
cost cost cost
creep crept crept
cut cut cut
deal dealt dealt
dig dug dug
dive dived, dove dived
do did done
draw drew drawn
dream dreamed, dreamt dreamed, dreamt
drink drank drunk
drive drove driven
eat ate eaten
fall fell fallen
feed fed fed
feel felt felt
fight fought fought
find found found
fit fitted, fit fitted, fit
flee fled fled
fling flung flung
fly flew flown
forbid forbade forbidden
forget forgot forgotten, forgot
, Past Tense Past Participle
Verb
forgive forgave forgiven
freeze froze frozen
get got got, gotten
give gave given
go went gone
grow grew grown
hang (to put to death) hanged hanged
hang (a picture) hung hung
have had had
hear heard heard
hide hid hidden
hit hit hit
hold held held
hurt hurt hurt
keep kept kept
kneel kneeled, knelt kneeled, knelt
knit knitted knitted
know knew known
lay laid laid
lead led led
leave left left
lend lent lent
let let let
lie (recline) lay lain
lie (tell a falsehood) lied lied
light lighted, lit lighted, lit
lose lost lost
make made made
mean meant meant
meet met met
pay paid paid
plead pleaded pled
prove proved proved, proven
put put put
quit quit quit
read read read
ride rode ridden
ring rang rung
rise rose risen
run ran run
say said said
see saw seen
seek sought sought
sell sold sold
send sent sent
Tense Example Concept Keywords Structure Notes /
Mistakes
Present I study Gewoonte, always, Verb (+s in Geen '-ing' vorm.
Simple every day. feit, mening usually, 3rd Derde persoon
often, person) krijgt -s.
sometimes,
never,
every day
Present I am Actie bezig now, at the am/is/are + Gebruik geen
Continuous studying nu, tijdelijke moment, verb-ing stative verbs in
now. situatie, currently continuous
irritatie vorm.
Past Simple I studied Afgesloten yesterday, Verb in Gebruik 'did'
last night. acties in het last week, past form voor
verleden in 2010, (2nd form) vragen/negaties.
ago
Past I was Actie bezig op while, when was/were Gebruik met
Continuous studying specifiek + verb-ing onderbrekingen
when you moment in het (past simple +
called. verleden past
continuous).
Present I have Verleden actie ever, never, have/has + Niet gebruiken
Perfect seen that met effect op already, past met afgewerkte
movie. nu just, yet, participle tijdsbepaling.
since, for
Past Perfect I had Actie vóór een before, had + past Geeft volgorde
finished andere after, when participle van
when he verleden actie gebeurtenissen
arrived. aan in het
verleden.
Future I will call Spontane tomorrow, will + base Gebruik 'will' niet
Simple you later. beslissingen, next week verb na 'when'.
voorspellingen
Future I will be Actie bezig in at this time will be + Gebruik voor
Continuous working at de toekomst tomorrow verb-ing verwachte
5 PM. situatie in
toekomst.
Future I will have Actie voltooid by, by the will have + Wordt vaak
Perfect finished by voor bepaald time past gebruikt met
6. moment in participle deadlines.
toekomst
Present I have Actie since, for, have/has Focus op duur
Perfect been begonnen in all day been + van de actie.
Continuous studying verleden, nog verb-ing
for 2 bezig
hours.
Past Perfect I had been Duur van actie for, since had been + Gebruik met
Continuous waiting for vóór ander verb-ing nadruk op
an hour. moment in tijdsduur vóór
verleden verleden
moment.
, The Past Tenses
1 She visited me a week ago. 1 period of time is over
Past Simple 2 We always drank orange juice before breakfast. 2 habit in the past
3 He woke up, washed, dressed, went downstairs 3 succession of actions in
had breakfast, ... past (narrative past)
1 He was working hard yesterday morning, 1 action going on in the past
Past Continuous when I came in
1 When I woke up, I saw that someone had been 1 action that happened
Past Perfect in the house that night. before another action in the past
1 I had been waiting for him for an hour 1 action that happened before
Past Perfect Continuous when he arrived. another action in the past
The Future Tenses
Future Simple = Pure 1 Tomorrow will be a warm and sunny day. 1 neutral prediction (formal)
Future (1st person 2 I'll (shall) get my diary. 2 immediate reaction
(SHALL/)'LL, 2nd and 3rd
person WILL/'LL)
1 This time tomorrow, I'll be dining with him. 1 action going on in the future
2 The plane will be landing in a few minutes. 2 neutral prediction (informal)
Future Continuous 3 Will you be needing the car tomorrow? 3 asking about sby's future activities
1 I'll have finished my work by the time 1 action that will be completed before
you get back. a definite future time
Future Perfect 2 On July 3rd we shall/will have lived here 2 duration up to a future moment
for 10 years.
1 Next week the director will have been 1 action going on up to a given time
Future Perfect Continuous running the company for 20 years. in the future + stress on duration
1 I'm going to write an article in French. 1 intentional future
To be going to + inf. 2 It's going to rain. 2 near future subjective certainty of
speaker
, Irregular verb list
Past Tense Past Participle
Verb
arise arose arisen
awake awoke awoke
be was, were been
bear bore borne
beat beat beaten
become became become
begin began begun
bend bent bent
bet bet bet
bind bound bound
bite bit bitten
bleed bled bled
blow blew blown
break broke broken
bring brought brought
build built built
burst burst burst
buy bought bought
catch caught caught
choose chose chosen
come came come
cost cost cost
creep crept crept
cut cut cut
deal dealt dealt
dig dug dug
dive dived, dove dived
do did done
draw drew drawn
dream dreamed, dreamt dreamed, dreamt
drink drank drunk
drive drove driven
eat ate eaten
fall fell fallen
feed fed fed
feel felt felt
fight fought fought
find found found
fit fitted, fit fitted, fit
flee fled fled
fling flung flung
fly flew flown
forbid forbade forbidden
forget forgot forgotten, forgot
, Past Tense Past Participle
Verb
forgive forgave forgiven
freeze froze frozen
get got got, gotten
give gave given
go went gone
grow grew grown
hang (to put to death) hanged hanged
hang (a picture) hung hung
have had had
hear heard heard
hide hid hidden
hit hit hit
hold held held
hurt hurt hurt
keep kept kept
kneel kneeled, knelt kneeled, knelt
knit knitted knitted
know knew known
lay laid laid
lead led led
leave left left
lend lent lent
let let let
lie (recline) lay lain
lie (tell a falsehood) lied lied
light lighted, lit lighted, lit
lose lost lost
make made made
mean meant meant
meet met met
pay paid paid
plead pleaded pled
prove proved proved, proven
put put put
quit quit quit
read read read
ride rode ridden
ring rang rung
rise rose risen
run ran run
say said said
see saw seen
seek sought sought
sell sold sold
send sent sent
