Portage Pathophysiology Final Exam | Complete Study Guide | Actual Exam Questions & Correct Answers (Verified Detailed Answers) A Grade.

Portage Pathophysiology Final Exam | Complete Study Guide | Actual Exam Questions & Correct Answers (Verified Detailed Answers) A Grade. Quiz_________________? _____ is the transfer of gases between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries. - Answer diffusion Quiz_________________? 1. ______ is a systemic treatment that enables drugs to reach the site of the tumor as well as other distant sites. - Answer chemotherapy Quiz_________________? A 10-year-old boy who is having an acute asthma attack is brought to the ER. He is observed to be sitting up and struggling to breathe. His breathing is accompanied by use of accessory muscles, a weak cough, and audible wheezing sounds. His pulse is rapid and weak, and both heart and breath sounds are distant on auscultation. His parents relate that his asthma began to worsen after he developed a "cold," and now he doesn't get relief from his albuterol inhaler. Explain the changes in physiologic function underlying his signs and symptoms. - Answer -inflammatory cells secrete chemicals toxic to organisms causing airway inflammation -Swelling of bronchial wall, mucus secretion, bronchial hyper-responsiveness to stimuli causes airway narrowing. Quiz_________________? A 23-year-old African-American man with a history of severe lifelong anemia requiring many transfusions has nonhealing leg ulcers and recurrent periods of abdominal and chest pain. These signs and symptoms are most likely to be associated with which one of the following laboratory abnormalities? - Answer Sickle cells on peripheral blood smear Quiz_________________? A 45-year-old woman presents with fatigue, weight gain, and cold intolerance. Lab findings show a low serum T4 and elevated TSH. 1. What diagnosis would her history and lab findings indicate? 2. What type of treatment should be given? - Answer -Hypothyroidism- synthetic T4 thyroid hormone, thyroxine Quiz_________________? A 72-year-old male is said to be in phase 3 of gout. He is obese and has a history of alcohol abuse. Develop a treatment plan including specific pharmacologic intervention and a non-pharmacologic recommendation to manage his disease. - Answer - Goal is to maintain normal uric acid levels and prevent progression - recommendations are allopurinol and avoiding purine rich foods Quiz_________________? A 75-year-old male is brought to the emergency department via ambulance at 5 pm. The patient's spouse reports that when they woke up (approximately at 6 am) he reported to her that he was having some blurred vision but decided to go about his day. As the day progressed, he started experiencing tingling and feelings of weakness on the entire left side of his body. He has a past medical history of diabetes. Based upon these symptoms and past medical history, what do you suspect this patient is experiencing? How would you confirm this diagnosis? What treatment should be administered? Explain why you chose that treatment - Answer ischemic stroke- CT scan and MRI needed to determine if clot blocking blood flow to brain tissue and rule out hemorrhagic stroke If clot is found, patient needs to be reperfused through catheter-base methods as they are outside of 3-4.5 treatment window for tPA drug Quiz_________________? A 9-year-old boy with a peanut allergy was exposed to peanuts. He presents to the emergency room with an anaphylactic reaction. (1) What symptoms might he present with? (2) Does the quantity of exposure mean he will have a more severe reaction? (3) What is the initial immediate treatment? (4) What are 2 things people with anaphylaxis should always carry? Your Answer: - Answer hypotension/tachycardia, no, epinephrine allergy identification and epipen Quiz_________________? A patient is said to be in stage 2 kidney disease. What would you expect their GFR to be? - Answer C. 70 mL/min/1.73m2 Quiz_________________? A patient presents in the emergency department with severe dehydration secondary to vomiting. The following are the results of their blood work: pH = 8.2, PCO2 = 39 mm, and HCO3 - = 33 mEq/L. Based upon these results, what type of acid-base disorder are they experiencing? Is compensation occurring? Describe a treatment intervention for this disorder. Normal values are as follows: pH = 7.35-7.45, PCO2 = 35-45 mm, HCO3 - = 22-26 mEq/L. - Answer - metabolic alkalosis without compensation as PCO2 is normal - fluids should be replaced with normal saline Quiz_________________? An endocrine hormone is released into circulation to act on a target organ. - Answer True