Page 1 of 164
EXAM 1: BIO202 / BIO202 (LATEST 2025 UPDATES
STUDY BUNDLE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS) HUMAN
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY II EXAM | QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% CORRECT | GRADE
A - GCU
Discuss the way in which hormones promote body homeostasis.
.....ANSWER.....Get stimulated when homeostasis is thrown off
Compare and contrast the endocrine system and the nervous
system. Make sure you understand the differences between a
neurotransmitter and a hormone, addressing the importance of
receptor specificity. .....ANSWER.....Endocrine - Uses hormones
released by endocrine glands
Effects many effector organs (i.e. HGH to all muscles)
Is slower and longer lasting
,Page 2 of 164
Nervous - Uses electricity and chemicals to send a fast message
Has a specific effector organ (i.e. certain muscle)
Uses neurotransmitters released by neurons
Define negative feedback and describe its role in regulating
blood levels of the various hormones. Use an example if you like!
☺ .....ANSWER.....Response to changed body condition
if body is high or low from normal level
signal tells body to make changes that will bring body back to
normal level
once body is back
to normal level,
signal is
turned off
,Page 3 of 164
List AND describe the four types of intercellular communication
pathways that enable the body to maintain homeostasis.
.....ANSWER.....- Direct communication
-- Exchange of ions and molecules between adjacent cells across
gap junctions
-- Occurs between two cells of same type
-- Where have we seen these before?
-- Cardiac muscle cells
- Paracrine communication
-- Uses chemical signals to transfer information from cell to cell
within single tissue
-- Most common form of intercellular communication
-- i.e. Certain growth factors
-Endocrine communication
, Page 4 of 164
-- Endocrine cells release chemicals (hormones) into bloodstream
-- Alters metabolic activities of many tissues and organs
simultaneously
-- Analogy once again: Bulk mail - in Russian
-Synaptic communication
Define hormone and target organ. .....ANSWER.....Hormone -
Stimulate synthesis of enzymes or structural proteins
Increase or decrease rate of synthesis
Turn existing enzyme or membrane channel "on" or "off"
Target organ - Are specific cells that possess receptors needed
to bind and "read" hormonal messages
What does the "lock and key system refer to? Explain!
.....ANSWER.....hormone fits receptor on "target" cell
EXAM 1: BIO202 / BIO202 (LATEST 2025 UPDATES
STUDY BUNDLE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS) HUMAN
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY II EXAM | QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% CORRECT | GRADE
A - GCU
Discuss the way in which hormones promote body homeostasis.
.....ANSWER.....Get stimulated when homeostasis is thrown off
Compare and contrast the endocrine system and the nervous
system. Make sure you understand the differences between a
neurotransmitter and a hormone, addressing the importance of
receptor specificity. .....ANSWER.....Endocrine - Uses hormones
released by endocrine glands
Effects many effector organs (i.e. HGH to all muscles)
Is slower and longer lasting
,Page 2 of 164
Nervous - Uses electricity and chemicals to send a fast message
Has a specific effector organ (i.e. certain muscle)
Uses neurotransmitters released by neurons
Define negative feedback and describe its role in regulating
blood levels of the various hormones. Use an example if you like!
☺ .....ANSWER.....Response to changed body condition
if body is high or low from normal level
signal tells body to make changes that will bring body back to
normal level
once body is back
to normal level,
signal is
turned off
,Page 3 of 164
List AND describe the four types of intercellular communication
pathways that enable the body to maintain homeostasis.
.....ANSWER.....- Direct communication
-- Exchange of ions and molecules between adjacent cells across
gap junctions
-- Occurs between two cells of same type
-- Where have we seen these before?
-- Cardiac muscle cells
- Paracrine communication
-- Uses chemical signals to transfer information from cell to cell
within single tissue
-- Most common form of intercellular communication
-- i.e. Certain growth factors
-Endocrine communication
, Page 4 of 164
-- Endocrine cells release chemicals (hormones) into bloodstream
-- Alters metabolic activities of many tissues and organs
simultaneously
-- Analogy once again: Bulk mail - in Russian
-Synaptic communication
Define hormone and target organ. .....ANSWER.....Hormone -
Stimulate synthesis of enzymes or structural proteins
Increase or decrease rate of synthesis
Turn existing enzyme or membrane channel "on" or "off"
Target organ - Are specific cells that possess receptors needed
to bind and "read" hormonal messages
What does the "lock and key system refer to? Explain!
.....ANSWER.....hormone fits receptor on "target" cell
