⭐ NURS 6501 – Advanced
Pathophysiology Verified Questions And
Correct Answers (2025_2026)
Questions 151–200 (Original + With Rationales)
🧠 NEUROLOGY (ADVANCED)
Q151.
Which neurotransmitter imbalance is most strongly associated with major depressive disorder?
A. Dopamine excess
B. GABA deficiency
C. Low serotonin and norepinephrine
D. Low glutamate
✔ Correct Answer: C. Low serotonin and norepinephrine
Rationale: Depression is linked to reduced monoamines.
Q152.
A patient with a stroke involving the left MCA will most likely exhibit:
A. Left-sided weakness
B. Right-sided hemiparesis
C. Loss of peripheral vision on the left
D. Pure sensory deficit
✔ Correct Answer: B. Right-sided hemiparesis
Rationale: Left brain → right body deficits.
,Q153.
Status epilepticus causes neuronal injury due to:
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Prolonged glutamate excitotoxicity
C. Enhanced GABA signaling
D. Neuron hyperpolarization
✔ Correct Answer: B. Excitotoxicity from glutamate
Q154.
Guillain–Barré syndrome causes paralysis due to:
A. CNS demyelination
B. PNS demyelination
C. Excess acetylcholine
D. Dopamine deficiency
✔ Correct Answer: B. PNS demyelination
Q155.
Cerebral autoregulation maintains constant blood flow by adjusting:
A. Heart rate
B. Blood viscosity
C. Cerebral vessel diameter
D. Blood volume
✔ Correct Answer: C. Vessel diameter
🫁 PULMONARY (ADVANCED)
Q156.
, Which lung cancer type is most strongly associated with SIADH?
A. Squamous cell carcinoma
B. Large-cell carcinoma
C. Small-cell carcinoma
D. Adenocarcinoma
✔ Correct Answer: C. Small-cell carcinoma
Q157.
A hallmark of chronic hypoxia is:
A. Neutropenia
B. Secondary polycythemia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Lymphocytosis
✔ Correct Answer: B. Polycythemia
Rationale: Kidneys produce more EPO → RBCs ↑.
Q158.
Hypercapnia primarily results from:
A. Increased respiratory drive
B. Alveolar hypoventilation
C. Increased tidal volume
D. Prolonged exhalation
✔ Correct Answer: B. Hypoventilation
Q159.
Kussmaul respirations are characteristic of:
A. Opioid overdose
B. Metabolic acidosis
C. Pulmonary edema
D. Asthma attack
Pathophysiology Verified Questions And
Correct Answers (2025_2026)
Questions 151–200 (Original + With Rationales)
🧠 NEUROLOGY (ADVANCED)
Q151.
Which neurotransmitter imbalance is most strongly associated with major depressive disorder?
A. Dopamine excess
B. GABA deficiency
C. Low serotonin and norepinephrine
D. Low glutamate
✔ Correct Answer: C. Low serotonin and norepinephrine
Rationale: Depression is linked to reduced monoamines.
Q152.
A patient with a stroke involving the left MCA will most likely exhibit:
A. Left-sided weakness
B. Right-sided hemiparesis
C. Loss of peripheral vision on the left
D. Pure sensory deficit
✔ Correct Answer: B. Right-sided hemiparesis
Rationale: Left brain → right body deficits.
,Q153.
Status epilepticus causes neuronal injury due to:
A. Hyperglycemia
B. Prolonged glutamate excitotoxicity
C. Enhanced GABA signaling
D. Neuron hyperpolarization
✔ Correct Answer: B. Excitotoxicity from glutamate
Q154.
Guillain–Barré syndrome causes paralysis due to:
A. CNS demyelination
B. PNS demyelination
C. Excess acetylcholine
D. Dopamine deficiency
✔ Correct Answer: B. PNS demyelination
Q155.
Cerebral autoregulation maintains constant blood flow by adjusting:
A. Heart rate
B. Blood viscosity
C. Cerebral vessel diameter
D. Blood volume
✔ Correct Answer: C. Vessel diameter
🫁 PULMONARY (ADVANCED)
Q156.
, Which lung cancer type is most strongly associated with SIADH?
A. Squamous cell carcinoma
B. Large-cell carcinoma
C. Small-cell carcinoma
D. Adenocarcinoma
✔ Correct Answer: C. Small-cell carcinoma
Q157.
A hallmark of chronic hypoxia is:
A. Neutropenia
B. Secondary polycythemia
C. Hyperkalemia
D. Lymphocytosis
✔ Correct Answer: B. Polycythemia
Rationale: Kidneys produce more EPO → RBCs ↑.
Q158.
Hypercapnia primarily results from:
A. Increased respiratory drive
B. Alveolar hypoventilation
C. Increased tidal volume
D. Prolonged exhalation
✔ Correct Answer: B. Hypoventilation
Q159.
Kussmaul respirations are characteristic of:
A. Opioid overdose
B. Metabolic acidosis
C. Pulmonary edema
D. Asthma attack
