BIO 201 Exam 3 (UNCW, Frampton) Questions With
Complete Solutions
2 Steps for Accurate Translation Correct Answers 1. A correct
match between a tRNA and an amino acid, done by the enzyme
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
2. a correct match between the tRNA anti-codon and an mRNA
codon
3 Binding Sides of Ribosomes Correct Answers P site, A site, E
site
3 Main types of Membrane Receptors Correct Answers G
Protein-Coupled Receptors, Receptor Tyrosine Kinases, Ion
Channel Receptors
3 Stages of Cell Signaling Correct Answers reception,
transduction, and response
3 Stages of Transcription Correct Answers initiation,
elongation, termination
3 Stages of Translation Correct Answers initiation, elongation,
termination
3 Ways Proto-oncogenes Become Oncogenes Correct Answers
movement of DNA within the genome, amplification of a photo-
oncogene, point mutations in the photo-oncogene or its control
elements
,A Site Correct Answers holds the tRNA that carries the next
amino acid to be added to the chain
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase (1952) Correct Answers To
determine the source of genetic material in the phage (T2), they
designed an experiment showing that only one of the two
components of T2 (DNA or protein) enters an E. coli cell during
infection. Concluded that the injected DNA of the phage
provides the genetic material.
Amplification of a Proto-oncogene Correct Answers increases
the number of copies of the gene
Bacterial Chromosome Correct Answers double-stranded,
circular DNA molecule with a small amount of protein
- DNA is supercoiled and found in a region of the cell called the
nucleoid
Base Pairing Correct Answers At first, Waston and Crick
assumed the bases paired like with like but the pairings did not
result in uniform width. They discovered that pairing a purine
and pyrimidine did result in uniform with. They noted the
specific base pairings suggested a possible copying mechanism
for genetic material.
Cancer Correct Answers the result of uncontrolled cell growth
- can be caused by mutations to genes that regulate cell growth
and division
, CAP and Lactose Correct Answers when glucose (E. coli food
source) is scarce and lactose is present, CAP is activated by
binding with cyclic AMP
- activated CAP attaches to the promoter of the lac operon and
increases the affinity of RNA polymerase, thus accelerating
transcription
- cells can now metabolize lactose
- when glucose levels increase, cAMP levels decrease and CAP
detaches from the lac operon, and transcription of lac genes
returns to a normal rate
- cell switches to metabolizing glucose, its preferred food source
Cell Control System Correct Answers analogous to a clock
- regulated by both internal and external controls
- has specific checkpoints where the cell cycle stops until a go-
ahead signal is received
Chargaff's Rule Correct Answers in any species, there is an
equal number of A and T bases, and an equal number of G and
C bases
Chromatin Correct Answers a complex of DNA and protein,
found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells
Codons Correct Answers each codon specifies the amino acid to
be placed along a polypeptide (one of twenty)
- of the 64 triplets, 61 code for amino acids, 3 are stop codons
- 1 of the 61 is a start codon (methionine)
- no codon species more than one amino acid
Complete Solutions
2 Steps for Accurate Translation Correct Answers 1. A correct
match between a tRNA and an amino acid, done by the enzyme
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
2. a correct match between the tRNA anti-codon and an mRNA
codon
3 Binding Sides of Ribosomes Correct Answers P site, A site, E
site
3 Main types of Membrane Receptors Correct Answers G
Protein-Coupled Receptors, Receptor Tyrosine Kinases, Ion
Channel Receptors
3 Stages of Cell Signaling Correct Answers reception,
transduction, and response
3 Stages of Transcription Correct Answers initiation,
elongation, termination
3 Stages of Translation Correct Answers initiation, elongation,
termination
3 Ways Proto-oncogenes Become Oncogenes Correct Answers
movement of DNA within the genome, amplification of a photo-
oncogene, point mutations in the photo-oncogene or its control
elements
,A Site Correct Answers holds the tRNA that carries the next
amino acid to be added to the chain
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase (1952) Correct Answers To
determine the source of genetic material in the phage (T2), they
designed an experiment showing that only one of the two
components of T2 (DNA or protein) enters an E. coli cell during
infection. Concluded that the injected DNA of the phage
provides the genetic material.
Amplification of a Proto-oncogene Correct Answers increases
the number of copies of the gene
Bacterial Chromosome Correct Answers double-stranded,
circular DNA molecule with a small amount of protein
- DNA is supercoiled and found in a region of the cell called the
nucleoid
Base Pairing Correct Answers At first, Waston and Crick
assumed the bases paired like with like but the pairings did not
result in uniform width. They discovered that pairing a purine
and pyrimidine did result in uniform with. They noted the
specific base pairings suggested a possible copying mechanism
for genetic material.
Cancer Correct Answers the result of uncontrolled cell growth
- can be caused by mutations to genes that regulate cell growth
and division
, CAP and Lactose Correct Answers when glucose (E. coli food
source) is scarce and lactose is present, CAP is activated by
binding with cyclic AMP
- activated CAP attaches to the promoter of the lac operon and
increases the affinity of RNA polymerase, thus accelerating
transcription
- cells can now metabolize lactose
- when glucose levels increase, cAMP levels decrease and CAP
detaches from the lac operon, and transcription of lac genes
returns to a normal rate
- cell switches to metabolizing glucose, its preferred food source
Cell Control System Correct Answers analogous to a clock
- regulated by both internal and external controls
- has specific checkpoints where the cell cycle stops until a go-
ahead signal is received
Chargaff's Rule Correct Answers in any species, there is an
equal number of A and T bases, and an equal number of G and
C bases
Chromatin Correct Answers a complex of DNA and protein,
found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells
Codons Correct Answers each codon specifies the amino acid to
be placed along a polypeptide (one of twenty)
- of the 64 triplets, 61 code for amino acids, 3 are stop codons
- 1 of the 61 is a start codon (methionine)
- no codon species more than one amino acid
