REVISED PSYCHOLOGY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Section 1: Introduction to Psychology (Questions 1–10)
1. Who is considered the father of modern psychology?
A) Sigmund Freud
B) Wilhelm Wundt
C) John B. Watson
D) William James
Answer: B) Wilhelm Wundt
Explanation: Wundt established the first psychology laboratory in
Leipzig (1879), marking psychology’s separation from philosophy and
physiology.
2. The method of introspection was primarily used by:
A) Behaviorists
B) Structuralists
C) Functionalists
D) Humanists
Answer: B) Structuralists
Explanation: Structuralists, such as Wundt and Titchener, used
introspection to analyze the structure of conscious experience.
3. Psychology is best defined as:
A) The study of the mind and behavior
B) The study of social groups
C) The study of biological systems
D) The study of economic behavior
Answer: A) The study of the mind and behavior
Explanation: Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental
,processes, encompassing observable actions and internal experiences
like thoughts and emotions.
4. The primary goal of psychology is to:
A) Diagnose diseases
B) Understand, explain, predict, and control behavior
C) Prove philosophical theories
D) Study animals exclusively
Answer: B) Understand, explain, predict, and control behavior
Explanation: Psychology aims to systematically study mental processes
and behavior to improve human welfare.
5. Which perspective emphasizes observable behavior over internal
mental processes?
A) Psychoanalytic
B) Behavioral
C) Humanistic
D) Cognitive
Answer: B) Behavioral
Explanation: Behaviorists like Watson and Skinner focus on studying
observable, measurable behaviors rather than internal mental states.
6. The perspective that emphasizes personal growth and self-
actualization is:
A) Psychoanalytic
B) Behavioral
C) Humanistic
D) Cognitive
Answer: C) Humanistic
Explanation: Humanistic psychology, led by Carl Rogers and Abraham
,Maslow, emphasizes free will, personal growth, and the realization of
human potential.
7. Cognitive psychology focuses on:
A) The unconscious mind
B) Reward and punishment
C) Mental processes like memory and problem-solving
D) Physiological responses
Answer: C) Mental processes like memory and problem-solving
Explanation: Cognitive psychologists study how people perceive, think,
remember, and learn.
8. Sigmund Freud is associated with which approach?
A) Behaviorism
B) Psychoanalysis
C) Humanism
D) Cognitive
Answer: B) Psychoanalysis
Explanation: Freud emphasized unconscious motives, childhood
experiences, and psychosexual development in shaping personality.
9. Which research method observes behavior in its natural environment
without interference?
A) Experiment
B) Survey
C) Naturalistic observation
D) Case study
Answer: C) Naturalistic observation
Explanation: Naturalistic observation allows researchers to study
behavior in real-world settings while minimizing artificial influence.
, 10. In an experiment, the factor manipulated by the researcher is called
the:
A) Dependent variable
B) Independent variable
C) Confounding variable
D) Control variable
Answer: B) Independent variable
Explanation: The independent variable is deliberately changed to test
its effect on the dependent variable.
Section 2: Biological Bases of Behavior (Questions 11–20)
11. The main function of dendrites in a neuron is to:
A) Transmit signals to other neurons
B) Receive incoming information from other neurons
C) Produce neurotransmitters
D) Generate action potentials
Answer: B) Receive incoming information from other neurons
Explanation: Dendrites are branch-like extensions that receive synaptic
signals and convey them toward the neuron’s cell body.
12. The tiny gap between two communicating neurons is called the:
A) Myelin sheath
B) Synapse
C) Axon terminal
D) Soma
Answer: B) Synapse
Explanation: The synapse is the junction where neurotransmitters cross
to transmit signals between neurons.
Section 1: Introduction to Psychology (Questions 1–10)
1. Who is considered the father of modern psychology?
A) Sigmund Freud
B) Wilhelm Wundt
C) John B. Watson
D) William James
Answer: B) Wilhelm Wundt
Explanation: Wundt established the first psychology laboratory in
Leipzig (1879), marking psychology’s separation from philosophy and
physiology.
2. The method of introspection was primarily used by:
A) Behaviorists
B) Structuralists
C) Functionalists
D) Humanists
Answer: B) Structuralists
Explanation: Structuralists, such as Wundt and Titchener, used
introspection to analyze the structure of conscious experience.
3. Psychology is best defined as:
A) The study of the mind and behavior
B) The study of social groups
C) The study of biological systems
D) The study of economic behavior
Answer: A) The study of the mind and behavior
Explanation: Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental
,processes, encompassing observable actions and internal experiences
like thoughts and emotions.
4. The primary goal of psychology is to:
A) Diagnose diseases
B) Understand, explain, predict, and control behavior
C) Prove philosophical theories
D) Study animals exclusively
Answer: B) Understand, explain, predict, and control behavior
Explanation: Psychology aims to systematically study mental processes
and behavior to improve human welfare.
5. Which perspective emphasizes observable behavior over internal
mental processes?
A) Psychoanalytic
B) Behavioral
C) Humanistic
D) Cognitive
Answer: B) Behavioral
Explanation: Behaviorists like Watson and Skinner focus on studying
observable, measurable behaviors rather than internal mental states.
6. The perspective that emphasizes personal growth and self-
actualization is:
A) Psychoanalytic
B) Behavioral
C) Humanistic
D) Cognitive
Answer: C) Humanistic
Explanation: Humanistic psychology, led by Carl Rogers and Abraham
,Maslow, emphasizes free will, personal growth, and the realization of
human potential.
7. Cognitive psychology focuses on:
A) The unconscious mind
B) Reward and punishment
C) Mental processes like memory and problem-solving
D) Physiological responses
Answer: C) Mental processes like memory and problem-solving
Explanation: Cognitive psychologists study how people perceive, think,
remember, and learn.
8. Sigmund Freud is associated with which approach?
A) Behaviorism
B) Psychoanalysis
C) Humanism
D) Cognitive
Answer: B) Psychoanalysis
Explanation: Freud emphasized unconscious motives, childhood
experiences, and psychosexual development in shaping personality.
9. Which research method observes behavior in its natural environment
without interference?
A) Experiment
B) Survey
C) Naturalistic observation
D) Case study
Answer: C) Naturalistic observation
Explanation: Naturalistic observation allows researchers to study
behavior in real-world settings while minimizing artificial influence.
, 10. In an experiment, the factor manipulated by the researcher is called
the:
A) Dependent variable
B) Independent variable
C) Confounding variable
D) Control variable
Answer: B) Independent variable
Explanation: The independent variable is deliberately changed to test
its effect on the dependent variable.
Section 2: Biological Bases of Behavior (Questions 11–20)
11. The main function of dendrites in a neuron is to:
A) Transmit signals to other neurons
B) Receive incoming information from other neurons
C) Produce neurotransmitters
D) Generate action potentials
Answer: B) Receive incoming information from other neurons
Explanation: Dendrites are branch-like extensions that receive synaptic
signals and convey them toward the neuron’s cell body.
12. The tiny gap between two communicating neurons is called the:
A) Myelin sheath
B) Synapse
C) Axon terminal
D) Soma
Answer: B) Synapse
Explanation: The synapse is the junction where neurotransmitters cross
to transmit signals between neurons.
