Campbell Biology Chapter 13 Exam
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Living organisms are distinguished by - Answer- their ability to reproduce their own kind
The scientific study of heredity and variation - Answer- Genetics
The transmission of traits from one generation to the next - Answer- Heredity
Variation is demonstrated by - Answer- the differences in appearance that offspring
show from parents and siblings
Children do not inherit particular physical traits from their parents - Answer- It is genes
that are actually inherited
Units of heredity, and are made up of segments of DNA - Answer- Genes
Genes are passed to the next generation via reproductive cells called - Answer-
Gametes (Sperm & eggs)
Each gene has a specific location called a _____ on a certain chromosome - Answer-
Locus
DNA is packaged into - Answer- Chromosomes
A single individual passes genes to its offspring without the fusion of gametes - Answer-
Asexual reproduction
A group of genetically identical individuals from the same parent - Answer- Clone
2 parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from
the 2 parents - Answer- sexual reproduction
Human somatic cells have _____ pairs of chromosomes - Answer- 23
Somatic cells are - Answer- any cell other than a gamete
An ordered display of the pairs of chromosomes from a cell - Answer- karyotype
the 2 chromosomes in each pair are called - Answer- Homologous chromosomes, or
homologs
The sex chromosomes which determine the sex of the individual are called - Answer- X
and Y chromosomes
, Human females have what specific chromosomes - Answer- homologous pair of X
chromosomes (XX)
Human males have what specific chromosomes - Answer- one X and one Y
chromosome
The remaining 22 pairs of chromosomes are called - Answer- Autosomes
Each pair of homologous chromosomes includes - Answer- one chromosome from each
parent
There are ____ chromosomes in a human somatic cell - Answer- 2 sets of 23; one from
the mother and one from the father
A diploid cell (2n) has how many sets of chromosomes - Answer- two
For humans the diploid number is - Answer- 24 (2n=46)
Each replicated chromosome consists of ____ identical sister chromatids - Answer- two
A gamete contains how many sets of chromosomes and what is it called - Answer- A
single set
Haploid (n)
For humans the haploid number is - Answer- 23 (n=23)
Each set of 23 consists of - Answer- 22 autosomes and a single sex chromosome
At sexual maturity, germ line cells in the ovaries and testes produce - Answer- haploid
gametes
____ are only types of human cells produced by meiosis, rather than mitosis - Answer-
Gametes
Meiosis results in - Answer- one set of chromosomes in each gamete
Like mitosis, meiosis is preceded by - Answer- the replication of chromosomes
Meiosis takes place in two sets of cell divisions called - Answer- Meiosis l and meiosis ll
The two cell divisions result in - Answer- four daughter cells rather than the 2 daughter
cells in mitosis
Each daughter cell has _____ as many chromosomes as the parent cell - Answer- half
Solved Rated A+
Living organisms are distinguished by - Answer- their ability to reproduce their own kind
The scientific study of heredity and variation - Answer- Genetics
The transmission of traits from one generation to the next - Answer- Heredity
Variation is demonstrated by - Answer- the differences in appearance that offspring
show from parents and siblings
Children do not inherit particular physical traits from their parents - Answer- It is genes
that are actually inherited
Units of heredity, and are made up of segments of DNA - Answer- Genes
Genes are passed to the next generation via reproductive cells called - Answer-
Gametes (Sperm & eggs)
Each gene has a specific location called a _____ on a certain chromosome - Answer-
Locus
DNA is packaged into - Answer- Chromosomes
A single individual passes genes to its offspring without the fusion of gametes - Answer-
Asexual reproduction
A group of genetically identical individuals from the same parent - Answer- Clone
2 parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from
the 2 parents - Answer- sexual reproduction
Human somatic cells have _____ pairs of chromosomes - Answer- 23
Somatic cells are - Answer- any cell other than a gamete
An ordered display of the pairs of chromosomes from a cell - Answer- karyotype
the 2 chromosomes in each pair are called - Answer- Homologous chromosomes, or
homologs
The sex chromosomes which determine the sex of the individual are called - Answer- X
and Y chromosomes
, Human females have what specific chromosomes - Answer- homologous pair of X
chromosomes (XX)
Human males have what specific chromosomes - Answer- one X and one Y
chromosome
The remaining 22 pairs of chromosomes are called - Answer- Autosomes
Each pair of homologous chromosomes includes - Answer- one chromosome from each
parent
There are ____ chromosomes in a human somatic cell - Answer- 2 sets of 23; one from
the mother and one from the father
A diploid cell (2n) has how many sets of chromosomes - Answer- two
For humans the diploid number is - Answer- 24 (2n=46)
Each replicated chromosome consists of ____ identical sister chromatids - Answer- two
A gamete contains how many sets of chromosomes and what is it called - Answer- A
single set
Haploid (n)
For humans the haploid number is - Answer- 23 (n=23)
Each set of 23 consists of - Answer- 22 autosomes and a single sex chromosome
At sexual maturity, germ line cells in the ovaries and testes produce - Answer- haploid
gametes
____ are only types of human cells produced by meiosis, rather than mitosis - Answer-
Gametes
Meiosis results in - Answer- one set of chromosomes in each gamete
Like mitosis, meiosis is preceded by - Answer- the replication of chromosomes
Meiosis takes place in two sets of cell divisions called - Answer- Meiosis l and meiosis ll
The two cell divisions result in - Answer- four daughter cells rather than the 2 daughter
cells in mitosis
Each daughter cell has _____ as many chromosomes as the parent cell - Answer- half
