ANSC 3270 Midterm 1 EXAM fully solved &
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Terms in this set (178)
something that disrupts homeostasis in an organism
What is a stressor?
and elicits a stress response
involves activation of multiple physiological systems
What is a stress response
during perceived danger
How does a stress as a fight, flight or freeze response
response manifest
What is short-term stress enhance survival of an organisms by restoring
response designed to do physiological homeostasis
How is a stress sensory through neural transmitters, endocrine hormones and
input relayed to the brain immune cytokines
(3)
How is variation in stress determined by genetics, environmental factors, and
response determined by gene-by-environment interactions.
(3) and how are they
regulated Regulated by epigenetics mechanisms
What is a resilient animal they are able to resist, cope, or completely recover
to stress from perceived danger
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What happened if an can lead to hyper-responsiveness to the same
animal is sensitized to a stressor or other stressors during subsequent
stressor exposure
What are 3 examples of Heat, cold, climate change
physical stressors
What is an example of a mycotoxins
chemical stressor
bacteria, fungi, virus, parasite
What is an example of a
biological stressor (4)
infectious stressor
What is an example of a weaning
physiological stressor
What was found to be the Jul, Aug, Sept. The parasite can grow in the growing
most infectious time of the grass, which the sheep eat, and get infected from
year for the haemonchus
contortus in european
sheep? Why?
What is Q0 Potential infection pressure
How does CO2 relate to believed that as CO2 increases, so does the infection
infection pressure pressure
The time of day regulates Herpes and influenza
what 2 viruses in mice
How does a viral infection when circadian rhythm is abolished by disruption of a
worsen in the body key circadian clock gene
What is the key circadian BMAL 1
clock gene
blood concentration decreases in the winter, and can
How does BMAL 1 change
be correlated to the increased risk of infection during
in humans during the year
the winter
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What is the most critical matching animals to their environment. Miss-match
component to animal can lead to stress and may increase risk of disease
management in regards to
stressors
What is the most Cavalier King Charles Spaniel
appropriate breed for a
dog in an apartment
what is the best dairy Holstein/Gir cross
breed if you want to
increase dairy production
in Brazil
What breed would you Gulf Coast
use to increase resistance
to gastrointestinal
parasites in sheep?
What fish species grows tilapia
well in warm water
What are the 2 different 1. sympathetic-adrenal-medullary (SAM)
stress axes 2. hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-cortex (HPA)
What is the difference SAM activates within seconds, and HPA is delayed to
between activation times minutes and peaks within hours
of SAM and HPA
1. immediate release of Acetylcholine (ACH) from
sympathetic nerve fibres to the adrenal medulla
Describe the steps of the
2. in the adrenal, Nicotinic ACH receptors (NiAchR)
SAM axis (2)
triggers the secretions of epinepherine (EPI) and
norepinephrine (NEPI)
How do catecholamines via tissue and cell-specific expression of alpha and
mediate their beta adrenergic receptors
physiological responses
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