What is classification? - ANSWER Classification means to separate things into
groups according to their morphological features and DNA analysis.
Five Kingdoms Classification System - ANSWER Animalia has a nucleus, is
multicellular, feeds heterotrophically and does not have a cell wall or chlorophyll.
Plantae has a nucleus, is multicellular, feeds autotrophically and does have a cell
wall and chlorophyll.
Fungi has a nucleus, is multicellular, feeds saprophytically, has a cell wall but doesn't
have chlorophyll.
Single-celled organisms have a nucleus, but are not multicellular.
Bacteria does not have a nucleus and is not multicellular.
What are morphological adaptations? - ANSWER Morphological adaptations are
structural adaptations, eg. colour of fur, leg length, petal shape, reduced size of the
appendix etc.
What are behavioural adaptations? - ANSWER Behavioural adaptations could
include the time of day that an animal is active or the type of blood that it eats.
Example of adaptations - Polar Bear - ANSWER Thick fur and lots of body fat to
insulate body from cold. Black skin to absorb heat radiation. Large feet to spread out
weight on ice.
Which living organism needs light? - ANSWER Plants to make energy for food.
Which living organism needs food? - ANSWER Animals for energy.
Which living organism needs water? - ANSWER All living organisms, for all the
chemical reactions that take place in the cells.
Which living organism needs oxygen? - ANSWER All living organisms that respire
aerobically, to break down food and release its energy.
Which living organism needs carbon dioxide? - ANSWER Plants for
photosynthesis.
Which living organism needs minerals? - ANSWER All living organisms - specific
minerals are needed for particular chemical reactions that take place in cells.
, Which living organism needs mates? - ANSWER Needed by organisms doing
sexual reproduction.
What are the 7 main methods/organisations that work on protecting the
environment? - ANSWER CITIES
SSSI
Captive Breeding Programme
National Parks
Seed Banks
Local Biodiversity Action Plan
Sperm Banks
What is interspecific competition? - ANSWER This is when an organism competes
with a different type of organism for resources, eg. plants and trees for light.
What is intraspecific competition? - ANSWER This is when the organism competes
members of the same species, eg. plants for light.
What are the factors that might affect the population size? - ANSWER Predators
Disease
Pollution
Temperature/Climate Change
Human Influences (Building)
Natural Disasters
What is biodiversity? - ANSWER Biodiversity is the number of different species in a
particular area and their variety.
Why is biodiversity important? - ANSWER Biodiversity is important for:
Food, and potential foods
Industrial materials
New medicines
Human well-being
How is biodiversity being impacted? - ANSWER Biodiversity is decreasing due to
human interventions destroying their habitats. These habitats are being destroyed
because of increases in the use of land for: buildings, transport, farming and leisure
activities.
, What problems can alien species introduce? - ANSWER The alien species may:
- have no predators and its population may grow out of control.
- compete with existing species - causing species to die out.
- prey on existing species, reducing numbers
- carry a disease to which has immunity, but existing populations do not.
Where is the genetic information stored? - ANSWER The genetic information is
inside the nucleus of a cell. There are 23 pairs of chromosomes, and are arranged
by size and shape. In males, the sex chromosomes are XY and in females, the sex
chromosomes are XX.
What is a chromosome? - ANSWER A chromosome is many genes built up
together to create a chromosome containing lots of information. Chromosomes are
found in pairs.
Why are chromosomes important? - ANSWER They are found in every human cell
inside the nucleus. They are made up of DNA. They are visible when they are about
to divide.
What is a gene? - ANSWER A gene is a piece of information that is part of your
DNA. Genes are found in pairs and are found opposite each other at the same
position.
What happens in mitosis? - ANSWER DNA replicates identically and then
separates.
Before the cell divides, the chromosomes replicate themselves and one copy is
passed into each of the two new cells.
The daughter cells are identical to the mother cells.
Mitosis occurs when growing and repairing/replacing of old/damaged cells and
tissues.
What happens in meiosis? - ANSWER Only occurs when gametes are formed.
DNA replicates itself.
Some genes are swapped with each other (crossing over).
The chromosomes divide into four cells instead of two. They divide twice. Divide into
two first and then into 4 daughter cells.
Four daughter cells are produced, each gets one chromosome from each pair.
Human gametes contain 23 chromosomes.
groups according to their morphological features and DNA analysis.
Five Kingdoms Classification System - ANSWER Animalia has a nucleus, is
multicellular, feeds heterotrophically and does not have a cell wall or chlorophyll.
Plantae has a nucleus, is multicellular, feeds autotrophically and does have a cell
wall and chlorophyll.
Fungi has a nucleus, is multicellular, feeds saprophytically, has a cell wall but doesn't
have chlorophyll.
Single-celled organisms have a nucleus, but are not multicellular.
Bacteria does not have a nucleus and is not multicellular.
What are morphological adaptations? - ANSWER Morphological adaptations are
structural adaptations, eg. colour of fur, leg length, petal shape, reduced size of the
appendix etc.
What are behavioural adaptations? - ANSWER Behavioural adaptations could
include the time of day that an animal is active or the type of blood that it eats.
Example of adaptations - Polar Bear - ANSWER Thick fur and lots of body fat to
insulate body from cold. Black skin to absorb heat radiation. Large feet to spread out
weight on ice.
Which living organism needs light? - ANSWER Plants to make energy for food.
Which living organism needs food? - ANSWER Animals for energy.
Which living organism needs water? - ANSWER All living organisms, for all the
chemical reactions that take place in the cells.
Which living organism needs oxygen? - ANSWER All living organisms that respire
aerobically, to break down food and release its energy.
Which living organism needs carbon dioxide? - ANSWER Plants for
photosynthesis.
Which living organism needs minerals? - ANSWER All living organisms - specific
minerals are needed for particular chemical reactions that take place in cells.
, Which living organism needs mates? - ANSWER Needed by organisms doing
sexual reproduction.
What are the 7 main methods/organisations that work on protecting the
environment? - ANSWER CITIES
SSSI
Captive Breeding Programme
National Parks
Seed Banks
Local Biodiversity Action Plan
Sperm Banks
What is interspecific competition? - ANSWER This is when an organism competes
with a different type of organism for resources, eg. plants and trees for light.
What is intraspecific competition? - ANSWER This is when the organism competes
members of the same species, eg. plants for light.
What are the factors that might affect the population size? - ANSWER Predators
Disease
Pollution
Temperature/Climate Change
Human Influences (Building)
Natural Disasters
What is biodiversity? - ANSWER Biodiversity is the number of different species in a
particular area and their variety.
Why is biodiversity important? - ANSWER Biodiversity is important for:
Food, and potential foods
Industrial materials
New medicines
Human well-being
How is biodiversity being impacted? - ANSWER Biodiversity is decreasing due to
human interventions destroying their habitats. These habitats are being destroyed
because of increases in the use of land for: buildings, transport, farming and leisure
activities.
, What problems can alien species introduce? - ANSWER The alien species may:
- have no predators and its population may grow out of control.
- compete with existing species - causing species to die out.
- prey on existing species, reducing numbers
- carry a disease to which has immunity, but existing populations do not.
Where is the genetic information stored? - ANSWER The genetic information is
inside the nucleus of a cell. There are 23 pairs of chromosomes, and are arranged
by size and shape. In males, the sex chromosomes are XY and in females, the sex
chromosomes are XX.
What is a chromosome? - ANSWER A chromosome is many genes built up
together to create a chromosome containing lots of information. Chromosomes are
found in pairs.
Why are chromosomes important? - ANSWER They are found in every human cell
inside the nucleus. They are made up of DNA. They are visible when they are about
to divide.
What is a gene? - ANSWER A gene is a piece of information that is part of your
DNA. Genes are found in pairs and are found opposite each other at the same
position.
What happens in mitosis? - ANSWER DNA replicates identically and then
separates.
Before the cell divides, the chromosomes replicate themselves and one copy is
passed into each of the two new cells.
The daughter cells are identical to the mother cells.
Mitosis occurs when growing and repairing/replacing of old/damaged cells and
tissues.
What happens in meiosis? - ANSWER Only occurs when gametes are formed.
DNA replicates itself.
Some genes are swapped with each other (crossing over).
The chromosomes divide into four cells instead of two. They divide twice. Divide into
two first and then into 4 daughter cells.
Four daughter cells are produced, each gets one chromosome from each pair.
Human gametes contain 23 chromosomes.
