Criminology unit 4
Crime and punishment
,AC1.1 Describe the process used for law
making
,AC1.1 describe the process used for law making
Key things/ideas/concepts/definitions
1. Laws are made by passings acts of parliament- which is made up of the monarch, house of lords and house of commons
2. The house of lords and house of commons have a much larger role in lawmaking. The role of the monarch is to give royal assent
3. Courts in hierarchy order- magistrates -> crown -> high -> appeal -> supreme court
4. Democracy- a system of government by the whole population or all eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives
5. Green paper- a pre legislative scrutiny, the government will set out its ideas for a bill in a discussion document
6. White paper- a document setting out their detailed plans for legislation
a. Examples of legislations: criminal justice act 2003 (change to double jeopardy law), crime sentences act 1997 (introduced mandatory minimum sentences for a range of
repeat offences), the dangerous dogs act
7. There are two types of bill: private and public
8. Judicial precedent- where past decisions of the judges are followed in future cases
a. There are two situations where the court doesnt follow precedent-
b. Distinguishing- a precedent from an earlier case is only binding on a present case if the legal principle involved is the same and if the facts in both cases are similar
c. Overruling- is where a court higher up in the hierarchy states that a legal decision in an earlier case is wrong and overturns it
, AC1.1 describe the process used for law making
The lords-
- There are around 800 members of the house of lords- today only 92 members are
hereditary and 26 of them are from the church of england bishops and archbishops.
- Their main role is to double check new laws
The commons-
- There are 650 members of parliament, each MP is elected at a general election
- They are the most important part of parliament. They are made up of elective
representatives of the people.
Crime and punishment
,AC1.1 Describe the process used for law
making
,AC1.1 describe the process used for law making
Key things/ideas/concepts/definitions
1. Laws are made by passings acts of parliament- which is made up of the monarch, house of lords and house of commons
2. The house of lords and house of commons have a much larger role in lawmaking. The role of the monarch is to give royal assent
3. Courts in hierarchy order- magistrates -> crown -> high -> appeal -> supreme court
4. Democracy- a system of government by the whole population or all eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives
5. Green paper- a pre legislative scrutiny, the government will set out its ideas for a bill in a discussion document
6. White paper- a document setting out their detailed plans for legislation
a. Examples of legislations: criminal justice act 2003 (change to double jeopardy law), crime sentences act 1997 (introduced mandatory minimum sentences for a range of
repeat offences), the dangerous dogs act
7. There are two types of bill: private and public
8. Judicial precedent- where past decisions of the judges are followed in future cases
a. There are two situations where the court doesnt follow precedent-
b. Distinguishing- a precedent from an earlier case is only binding on a present case if the legal principle involved is the same and if the facts in both cases are similar
c. Overruling- is where a court higher up in the hierarchy states that a legal decision in an earlier case is wrong and overturns it
, AC1.1 describe the process used for law making
The lords-
- There are around 800 members of the house of lords- today only 92 members are
hereditary and 26 of them are from the church of england bishops and archbishops.
- Their main role is to double check new laws
The commons-
- There are 650 members of parliament, each MP is elected at a general election
- They are the most important part of parliament. They are made up of elective
representatives of the people.
