Straighterline Microbiology Final Exam
2024 Questions With 100% Correct
Answers
1. The study of evolutionary relationships among organisms is called .
ANS: phy- logeny
2. The three cell types discussed, eukaryotes, archaea, and bacteria, all derived
from . ANS: Last Universal Common Ancestor
3. Organisms called parasites are . ANS: always harmful to their host
4. Which of the following does not indicate microbe involvement in energy and
nutrient flow? ANS: Thermal hot springs warmed by heat from earth's interior
5. The subatomic particles that surround the nucleus are the . ANS: Electrons
6. The number one worldwide infectious diseases are . ANS: respiratory disease
7. A fat is called if all carbons of the fatty acid chain are single-bonded to
2 other carbons and 2 hydrogens. ANS: saturated
8. One technique for staining bacteria for viewing under the microscope is
called the Gram stain. In this technique, alcohol is used as a decolorizer be-
cause it degrades the outer membrane found in some bacteria. What chemical
component of the cell does alcohol affect? ANS: lipid
,9. If a microbiologist is studying a specimen at a total magnification of 950X,
what is the magnifying power of the objective lens if the ocular lens is 10X? ANS:
95X
10. NASA has published a list of criteria for identifying fossil bacteria in samples
from Mars, as part of a search for evidence of life. Which of the following is
good evidence for the presence of bacterial cells? ANS: cell size of 0.5 to 2 microns
11. Which type of microscope achieves the greatest resolution and highest
magnification? ANS: electron
12. Which of the following is produced by adding 1% to 5% agar to nutrient broth
that is then boiled and cooled? ANS: a solid medium
13. a spongiform encephalopathy of humans ANS: Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease
14. The term that refers to flagella at both poles of the cell is .
ANS: amphitrichous
15. In the condition called athlete's foot, the fungus Trichophyton consumes
the keratin protein found in hair, nails, and dead skin. Which of the following
descriptors does not apply to Trichophyton? ANS: saprobe
16. During the Gram stain, the application of alcohol results in the decolorization
of cells. ANS: gram-negative
17. The size of a eukaryotic ribosome is ANS: 80s
,18. Sterilizing filters have a pore size of 0.22 μm. Which of the following state-
ments is true? ANS: Bacterial cells are typically between 1-10 μm and are blocked by the filter, whereas most
viruses are between 20 and 200 nm and therefore pass through.
19. One of the principal viral capsid shapes is a 20-sided figure with 12 evenly
spaced corners referred to as a/an capsid. ANS: icosahedral
20. Amoebic dysentery is most commonly contracted through ANS: fecal oral
21. the viral genome inserting into bacterial host chromosome ANS: lysogeny
22. Which of the following is not associated with every virus? ANS: envelope
23. When bacilli in a chain fold back upon each other like a hinge, this cellular
arrangement is termed a . ANS: palisade
24. proteins associated with DNA in the nucleus. ANS: histones
25. Viral tissue specificities are called . ANS: tropisms
26. the term that refers to the presence of a tuft of flagella emerging from a
single site is . ANS: lophotrichous
27. E. coli bacteria normally live in the human gut and produce vitamin K that the
body uses. This is best termed a relationship. ANS: mutualistic
28. Termites are insects that require the protozoan Trichonympha in their gut
to synthesize the enzyme cellulase to degrade the cellulose in wood. The
protozoan uses the end products of the cellulose breakdown (glucose). This is
a(n) relationship. ANS: mutualistic
29. The phase of the bacterial growth curve in which newly inoculated cells
are adjusting to their new environment, metabolizing but not growing at an
, exponential rate, is the . ANS: lag phase
30. The cell wall will help prevent the cell from bursting in conditions.
ANS: hy- potonic
31. This microbe is photosynthetic, but in the absence of light it can use organic
compounds as an energy source. Its carbon source is an organic compound.
The appropriate classification for this organism would be .
ANS: photoheterotroph
32. A microorganism that has an optimum growth temperature of 37°C, but
can survive short exposure to high temperatures is called a(n) .
ANS: thermoduric microbe
33. the end product binding to enzyme in noncompetitive site ANS: Noncompetitive
inhibition
2024 Questions With 100% Correct
Answers
1. The study of evolutionary relationships among organisms is called .
ANS: phy- logeny
2. The three cell types discussed, eukaryotes, archaea, and bacteria, all derived
from . ANS: Last Universal Common Ancestor
3. Organisms called parasites are . ANS: always harmful to their host
4. Which of the following does not indicate microbe involvement in energy and
nutrient flow? ANS: Thermal hot springs warmed by heat from earth's interior
5. The subatomic particles that surround the nucleus are the . ANS: Electrons
6. The number one worldwide infectious diseases are . ANS: respiratory disease
7. A fat is called if all carbons of the fatty acid chain are single-bonded to
2 other carbons and 2 hydrogens. ANS: saturated
8. One technique for staining bacteria for viewing under the microscope is
called the Gram stain. In this technique, alcohol is used as a decolorizer be-
cause it degrades the outer membrane found in some bacteria. What chemical
component of the cell does alcohol affect? ANS: lipid
,9. If a microbiologist is studying a specimen at a total magnification of 950X,
what is the magnifying power of the objective lens if the ocular lens is 10X? ANS:
95X
10. NASA has published a list of criteria for identifying fossil bacteria in samples
from Mars, as part of a search for evidence of life. Which of the following is
good evidence for the presence of bacterial cells? ANS: cell size of 0.5 to 2 microns
11. Which type of microscope achieves the greatest resolution and highest
magnification? ANS: electron
12. Which of the following is produced by adding 1% to 5% agar to nutrient broth
that is then boiled and cooled? ANS: a solid medium
13. a spongiform encephalopathy of humans ANS: Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease
14. The term that refers to flagella at both poles of the cell is .
ANS: amphitrichous
15. In the condition called athlete's foot, the fungus Trichophyton consumes
the keratin protein found in hair, nails, and dead skin. Which of the following
descriptors does not apply to Trichophyton? ANS: saprobe
16. During the Gram stain, the application of alcohol results in the decolorization
of cells. ANS: gram-negative
17. The size of a eukaryotic ribosome is ANS: 80s
,18. Sterilizing filters have a pore size of 0.22 μm. Which of the following state-
ments is true? ANS: Bacterial cells are typically between 1-10 μm and are blocked by the filter, whereas most
viruses are between 20 and 200 nm and therefore pass through.
19. One of the principal viral capsid shapes is a 20-sided figure with 12 evenly
spaced corners referred to as a/an capsid. ANS: icosahedral
20. Amoebic dysentery is most commonly contracted through ANS: fecal oral
21. the viral genome inserting into bacterial host chromosome ANS: lysogeny
22. Which of the following is not associated with every virus? ANS: envelope
23. When bacilli in a chain fold back upon each other like a hinge, this cellular
arrangement is termed a . ANS: palisade
24. proteins associated with DNA in the nucleus. ANS: histones
25. Viral tissue specificities are called . ANS: tropisms
26. the term that refers to the presence of a tuft of flagella emerging from a
single site is . ANS: lophotrichous
27. E. coli bacteria normally live in the human gut and produce vitamin K that the
body uses. This is best termed a relationship. ANS: mutualistic
28. Termites are insects that require the protozoan Trichonympha in their gut
to synthesize the enzyme cellulase to degrade the cellulose in wood. The
protozoan uses the end products of the cellulose breakdown (glucose). This is
a(n) relationship. ANS: mutualistic
29. The phase of the bacterial growth curve in which newly inoculated cells
are adjusting to their new environment, metabolizing but not growing at an
, exponential rate, is the . ANS: lag phase
30. The cell wall will help prevent the cell from bursting in conditions.
ANS: hy- potonic
31. This microbe is photosynthetic, but in the absence of light it can use organic
compounds as an energy source. Its carbon source is an organic compound.
The appropriate classification for this organism would be .
ANS: photoheterotroph
32. A microorganism that has an optimum growth temperature of 37°C, but
can survive short exposure to high temperatures is called a(n) .
ANS: thermoduric microbe
33. the end product binding to enzyme in noncompetitive site ANS: Noncompetitive
inhibition
