TEST BANK FOR INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS FOR PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION SKILLS FOR NURSING 8th EDITION BY ARNOLD | UPDATED VERSION ALL CHAPTERS UPDATED 2025!!

TEST BANK FOR INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS FOR
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Chapter 1: Theory
PROFESSIONAL Based Perspectives and Contemporary
COMMUNICATION v v
SKILLS FOR Dynamics
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Arnold: Interpersonal Relationships, 8th Edition
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EDITION BY ARNOLD
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MULTIPLE CHOICE v




1. When describing nursing to a group of nursing students, the nursing instructor lists all of the
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following characteristics of nursing except
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a. historically nursing is as old as mankind. v v v v v v


b. nursing was originally practiced informally by religious orders dedicated to care of
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the sick. v v


c. nursing was later practiced in the home by female caregivers with no formal
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education. v


d. nursing has always been identifiable as a distinct occupation.
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ANS: A v


Historically, nursing is as old as mankind. Originally practiced informally by religious orders
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dedicated to care of the sick and later in the home by female caregivers with no formal
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education, nursing was not identifiable as a distinct occupation until the 1854 Crimean war.
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There, Florence Nightingale’s Notes on Nursing introduced the world to the functional roles
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of professional nursing and the need for formal education.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. v v v


1 TOP: Step of the Nursing Process: All phases
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MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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2. The nursing profession’s first nurse researcher, who served as an early advocate for
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high-quality care and used statistical data to document the need for handwashing in preventing
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infection, was
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a. Abraham Maslow. v


b. Martha Rogers. v


c. Hildegard Peplau. v


d. Florence Nightingale. v




ANS: D v


An early advocate for high-quality care, Florence Nightingale’s use of statistical data to
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document the need for handwashing in preventing infection marks her as the profession’s first
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nurse researcher.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. v v v


1 TOP: Step of the Nursing Process: All phases
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MSC: Client Needs: Management of Care
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3. Today, professional nursing education begins at the
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a. undergraduate level. v


b. graduate level. v


c. advanced practice level. v v


d. administrative level. v




ANS: A v




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, Today, professional nursing education begins at the undergraduate level, with a growing
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number of nurses choosing graduate studies to support differentiated practice roles and/or
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research opportunities. Nurses are prepared to function as advanced practice nurse
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practitioners, administrators, and educators.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. v v v


2 TOP: Step of the Nursing Process: All phases
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MSC: Client Needs: Management of Care
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4. Nursing’s metaparadigm, or worldview, distinguishes the nursing profession from other
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disciplines and emphasizes its unique functional characteristics. The four key concepts that
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form the foundation for all nursing theories are
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a. caring, compassion, health promotion, and education.
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b. respect, integrity, honesty, and advocacy. v v v v


c. person, environment, health, and nursing. v v v v


d. nursing, teaching, caring, and health promotion. v v v v v




ANS: C v


Individual nursing theories represent different interpretations of the phenomenon of nursing,
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vbut central constructs—person, environment, health, and nursing—are found in all theories
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vand models. They are referred to as nursing’s metaparadigm.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. v v v


2 TOP: Step of the Nursing Process: All phases
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MSC: Client Needs: Management of Care
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5. When admitting a client to the medical-surgical unit, the nurse asks the client about cultural
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issues. The nurse is demonstrating use of the concept of
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a. person.
b. environment.
c. health.
d. nursing.
ANS: B v


The concept of environment includes all cultural, developmental, and social determinants that
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influence a client’s health perceptions and behavior. A person is defined as the recipient of
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nursing care, having unique bio-psycho-social and spiritual dimensions. The word health
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derives from the word whole. Health is a multidimensional concept, having physical,
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psychological, sociocultural, developmental, and spiritual characteristics. The World Health
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Organization (WHO, 1946) defines health as “a state of complete physical, mental, social
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well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” Nursing includes the promotion of
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health, prevention of illness, and the care of ill, disabled, and dying people.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. v v v


3 TOP: Step of the Nursing Process: Assessment
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MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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6. A young mother tells the nurse, “I’m worried because my son needs a blood transfusion. I
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don’t know what to do, because blood transfusions cause AIDS.” Which central nursing
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construct is represented in this situation?
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a. Environment




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, b. Caring
c. Health
d. Person
ANS: D v


The concept of environment includes all cultural, developmental, and social determinants that
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influence a client’s health perceptions and behavior. Caring is not one of the four central
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nursing constructs. The word health derives from the word whole. Health is a
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multidimensional concept, having physical, psychological, sociocultural, developmental, and
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spiritual characteristics. The World Health Organization (WHO, 1946) defines health as “a
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state of complete physical, mental, social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or
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infirmity.” Nursing includes the promotion of health, prevention of illness, and the care of ill,
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disabled, and dying people. Person is defined as the recipient of nursing care, having unique
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bio-psycho-social and spiritual dimensions.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. v v v


2 TOP: Step of the Nursing Process: Implementation
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MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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7. The nurse performs a dressing change using sterile technique. This is an example of which
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pattern of knowledge?
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a. Empirical
b. Personal
c. Aesthetic
d. Ethical
ANS: A v


Empirical knowledge is the scientific rationale for skilled nursing interventions. Personal
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ways of knowing allow the nurse to understand and treat each individual as a unique person.
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Aesthetic ways of knowing allow the nurse to connect in different and more meaningful ways.
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Ethical ways of knowing refer to the moral aspects of nursing.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. v v v


5 TOP: Step of the Nursing Process: Implementation
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MSC: Client Needs: Management of Care
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8. The nurse-client relationship as described by Hildegard Peplau
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a. would not be useful in a short-stay unit.v v v v v v v


b. allows personal and social growth to occur only for the client.
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c. facilitates the identification and accomplishment of therapeutic goals.
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d. focuses on maintaining a personal relationship between the nurse and client.
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ANS: C v


Hildegard Peplau offers the best-known nursing model for the study of interpersonal
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relationships in health care. Her model describes how the nurse-client relationship can
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facilitate the identification and accomplishment of therapeutic goals to enhance client and
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family well-being. In contemporary practice, Peplau’s framework is more applicable today in
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longer term relationships, and in settings such as rehabilitation centers, long-term care, and
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nursing homes. Despite the brevity of the alliances in acute care settings, basic principles of
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being a participant observer in the relationship, building rapport, developing a working
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partnership, and terminating a relationship remain relevant.
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, DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. v v v


10 TOP: Step of the Nursing Process: All phases
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MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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9. The identification phase of the nurse-client relationship
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a. sets the stage for the rest of the relationship.
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b. correlates with the assessment phase of the nursing process. v v v v v v v v


c. focuses on therapeutic goals to enhance client and family well-being.
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d. uses community resources to help resolve health care issues.
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ANS: C v


Hildegard Peplau offers the best-known nursing model for the study of interpersonal
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relationships in health care. Her model describes how the nurse-client relationship can
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facilitate the identification and accomplishment of therapeutic goals to enhance client and
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family well-being.
v v




DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. v v v


10 TOP: Step of the Nursing Process: Implementation
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MSC: Client Needs: Management of Care
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10. Abraham Maslow's needs theory is a framework that
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a. begins with meeting basic psychosocial needs first.
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b. ensures essential needs are satisfied, then people move into higher physiological
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areas of development.
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c. proposes that people are motivated to meet their needs in a descending order.
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d. nurses use to prioritize client needs and develop relevant nursing approaches.
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ANS: D v


Abraham Maslow's needs theory is a framework that nurses use to prioritize client needs and
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develop relevant nursing approaches. Maslow's model proposes that people are motivated to
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meet their needs in an ascending order beginning with meeting basic survival needs. As
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essential needs are satisfied, people move into higher psychosocial areas of development.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. v v v


10 TOP: Step of the Nursing Process: All phases
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MSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity
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11. Which of the following statements about communication theory is true?
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a. Primates are able to learn new languages to share ideas and feelings.
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b. Concepts include only verbal communication. v v v v


c. Perceptions are clarified through feedback. v v v v


d. Past experience does not influence communication.
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ANS: C v


Feedback is the only way to know that one’s perceptions about meanings are valid. Human
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communication is unique. Only human beings have large vocabularies and are capable of
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learning new languages as a means of sharing their ideas and feelings. Communication
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includes language, gestures, and symbols to convey intended meaning, exchange ideas and
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feelings, and to share significant life experience. To encode a message appropriately requires
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a clear understanding of the receiver’s mental frame of reference (e.g., feelings, personal
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agendas, past experiences) and knowledge of its purpose or intent of the communication.
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