BIOD 152 Module 7 Exam – Portage
Learning – Complete Questions and
Correct Answers
1. True or False: The ureters drain urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
Answer: True
Rationale: The ureters are tubes that transport urine from the renal pelvis in the kidneys
to the bladder for storage.
2. The urinary system consists of how many kidneys, ureters, and bladders?
Answer: 2 kidneys, 2 ureters, 1 bladder
Rationale: The urinary system includes two kidneys, two ureters, one bladder, and one
urethra, as described in the anatomical structure.
3. What is the shape, weight, and location of an adult kidney?
Answer: Bean-shaped, about 5 ounces, located between T-12 and L-3 vertebrae
Rationale: An adult kidney is bean-shaped, weighs approximately 5 ounces, and is
positioned retroperitoneally between the T-12 and L-3 vertebrae, with the right kidney
slightly lower due to the liver.
4. What glands are located on top of each kidney?
Answer: Adrenal glands
Rationale: The adrenal glands sit atop each kidney, producing hormones like cortisol and
aldosterone that influence kidney function.
5. What are the three layers of protective tissue surrounding the kidney?
Answer: Renal capsule, adipose capsule, renal fascia
Rationale: The kidney is protected by the renal capsule (fibrous outer layer), adipose
capsule (fatty layer), and renal fascia (connective tissue anchoring the kidney).
, 6. What is the principal method through which acids enter the human body?
Answer: Cellular metabolism
Rationale: Acids primarily enter the body through cellular metabolism, which produces
metabolic acids like carbonic acid as byproducts.
7. Both ureters open into the bladder via what structure?
Answer: Ureteral orifices
Rationale: The ureters enter the bladder at the ureteral orifices, located in the trigone
region, allowing urine flow.
8. What are the three parts of the renal tubule?
Answer: Proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule
Rationale: The renal tubule consists of the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), loop of
Henle, and distal convoluted tubule (DCT), each with specific reabsorption and secretion
functions.
9. What causes water and solutes to leave the glomerulus?
Answer: Pressure from the larger afferent arteriole
Rationale: The larger diameter of the afferent arteriole compared to the efferent arteriole
creates high pressure in the glomerulus, driving filtration of water and solutes.
10. What is the functional unit of the kidney?
Answer: Nephron
Rationale: The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney, responsible for filtering blood
and forming urine.
11. True or False: The bladder drains into the ureters.
Answer: False, the ureters drain into the bladder
Rationale: The bladder stores urine received from the ureters and empties through the
urethra, not the ureters.
12. What is the name of the artery that feeds the glomerulus?
Answer: Afferent arteriole
Learning – Complete Questions and
Correct Answers
1. True or False: The ureters drain urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
Answer: True
Rationale: The ureters are tubes that transport urine from the renal pelvis in the kidneys
to the bladder for storage.
2. The urinary system consists of how many kidneys, ureters, and bladders?
Answer: 2 kidneys, 2 ureters, 1 bladder
Rationale: The urinary system includes two kidneys, two ureters, one bladder, and one
urethra, as described in the anatomical structure.
3. What is the shape, weight, and location of an adult kidney?
Answer: Bean-shaped, about 5 ounces, located between T-12 and L-3 vertebrae
Rationale: An adult kidney is bean-shaped, weighs approximately 5 ounces, and is
positioned retroperitoneally between the T-12 and L-3 vertebrae, with the right kidney
slightly lower due to the liver.
4. What glands are located on top of each kidney?
Answer: Adrenal glands
Rationale: The adrenal glands sit atop each kidney, producing hormones like cortisol and
aldosterone that influence kidney function.
5. What are the three layers of protective tissue surrounding the kidney?
Answer: Renal capsule, adipose capsule, renal fascia
Rationale: The kidney is protected by the renal capsule (fibrous outer layer), adipose
capsule (fatty layer), and renal fascia (connective tissue anchoring the kidney).
, 6. What is the principal method through which acids enter the human body?
Answer: Cellular metabolism
Rationale: Acids primarily enter the body through cellular metabolism, which produces
metabolic acids like carbonic acid as byproducts.
7. Both ureters open into the bladder via what structure?
Answer: Ureteral orifices
Rationale: The ureters enter the bladder at the ureteral orifices, located in the trigone
region, allowing urine flow.
8. What are the three parts of the renal tubule?
Answer: Proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule
Rationale: The renal tubule consists of the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), loop of
Henle, and distal convoluted tubule (DCT), each with specific reabsorption and secretion
functions.
9. What causes water and solutes to leave the glomerulus?
Answer: Pressure from the larger afferent arteriole
Rationale: The larger diameter of the afferent arteriole compared to the efferent arteriole
creates high pressure in the glomerulus, driving filtration of water and solutes.
10. What is the functional unit of the kidney?
Answer: Nephron
Rationale: The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney, responsible for filtering blood
and forming urine.
11. True or False: The bladder drains into the ureters.
Answer: False, the ureters drain into the bladder
Rationale: The bladder stores urine received from the ureters and empties through the
urethra, not the ureters.
12. What is the name of the artery that feeds the glomerulus?
Answer: Afferent arteriole
