Living Environment Regents Prep
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6qrfur
1. Homeostasis process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment
2. Metabolism the chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.
3. Enzyme A type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing
4. Ribosome Cytoplasmic organelles at which proteins are synthesized.
5. Mitochondria Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production
6. Cellular Respira- Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules
tion in the presence of oxygen
7. Photosynthesis Conversion of light energy from the sun into chemical energy.
8. Chloroplast An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs
9. Nucleus A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and repro-
duction
10. Cell Membrane A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave the cell.
11. Independent The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being
Variable studied.
12. Dependent Vari- The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of
able the independent variable.
13. Constant (Con- something that stays the same
trolled Variable)
14. Control Group the group that does not receive the experimental treatment.
15. Synthesis combining parts into a whole
1/7
, Living Environment Regents Prep
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6qrfur
16. Ultracentrifuge A machine that spins test tubes at the fastest speeds to separate liquids and
particles of different densities.
17. Diffusion Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower
concentration.
18. Osmosis Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
19. Active Transport Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a
concentration difference
20. Fermentation Process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen
21. Permeable penetrable; porous; allowing liquids or gas to pass through
22. Excretion Process by which metabolic wastes are eliminated from the body
23. Egestion removal of undigested waste
24. Ingestion Intake of food
25. Digestion Breakdown of food substances into simpler forms that can be absorbed and used
26. Absorption The process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall of the digestive
system into the blood
27. Circulatory Sys- Transports oxygen, waste, nutrients, hormones, heat, etc... around the body
tem
28. Immune System The cells and tissues that recognize and attack foreign substances in the body
29. Antigen A protein that, when introduced in the blood, triggers the production of an
antibody
30. Pathogen A disease causing agent
2/7
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6qrfur
1. Homeostasis process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment
2. Metabolism the chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.
3. Enzyme A type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing
4. Ribosome Cytoplasmic organelles at which proteins are synthesized.
5. Mitochondria Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production
6. Cellular Respira- Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules
tion in the presence of oxygen
7. Photosynthesis Conversion of light energy from the sun into chemical energy.
8. Chloroplast An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs
9. Nucleus A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and repro-
duction
10. Cell Membrane A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave the cell.
11. Independent The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being
Variable studied.
12. Dependent Vari- The outcome factor; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of
able the independent variable.
13. Constant (Con- something that stays the same
trolled Variable)
14. Control Group the group that does not receive the experimental treatment.
15. Synthesis combining parts into a whole
1/7
, Living Environment Regents Prep
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6qrfur
16. Ultracentrifuge A machine that spins test tubes at the fastest speeds to separate liquids and
particles of different densities.
17. Diffusion Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower
concentration.
18. Osmosis Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
19. Active Transport Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a
concentration difference
20. Fermentation Process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen
21. Permeable penetrable; porous; allowing liquids or gas to pass through
22. Excretion Process by which metabolic wastes are eliminated from the body
23. Egestion removal of undigested waste
24. Ingestion Intake of food
25. Digestion Breakdown of food substances into simpler forms that can be absorbed and used
26. Absorption The process by which nutrient molecules pass through the wall of the digestive
system into the blood
27. Circulatory Sys- Transports oxygen, waste, nutrients, hormones, heat, etc... around the body
tem
28. Immune System The cells and tissues that recognize and attack foreign substances in the body
29. Antigen A protein that, when introduced in the blood, triggers the production of an
antibody
30. Pathogen A disease causing agent
2/7
