SOC 120 -LCC Exam Study Set Questions And Well Detailed 100% Explained Answers| Guaranteed Pass.

When Sociologists group people in categories based on their age, gender, educational level, job, and income, they are trying to determine ___________. - correct answers social location Which of the following elements did C. Wright Mills attribute as being the one that sociologists would use to explain individual behavior? - correct answers external influence What is the use of objective and systematic observation to test theories, one that is often employed by sociologists? - correct answers the scientific method Mark views society as a system of interrelated parts, while John views society as composed of groups competing for scarce resources. Mark would be considered a(n) ________ and John would be seen as a(n) ________. - correct answers functionalists, conflict theorists College provides a haven for several million potential workers who are classified as "students" rather than "unemployed," which helps stabilize the job market. This situation represents what Merton would describe as a ________. - correct answers latent function Which groups of social theorists would focus most on macro-level analysis when examining patterns of society? - correct answers conflict theorists and structural functionalists Cindy is interested in how the movement of Maytag production plants and other industries from the Midwest to Mexico has changed the lives of thousands of unemployed workers and their communities. Cindy is conducting a ________ analysis. - correct answers macro-level Which sociological perspectives are best to use in developing an accurate understanding of society? - correct answers No single perspective is best, so all three must be utilized. Which of the following represents a correct sequence of steps in the research process? - correct answers Select a topic, review the literature, collect the data, share the results. What is the defining characteristic of a random sample? - correct answers It gives each person in the population of interest an equal chance of being chosen. Matthew is completing his master's thesis, which addresses the culture of outlaw motorcycle gangs. For the past six months, he has been riding with a gang, observing and describing behaviors in an attempt to present a view of these groups from a gang member's perspective. Like Mario Brajuha, he is determined to keep the identities of his subjects confidential. Which research method is Matthew employing? - correct answers participant observation When sociologists Diana Scully and Joseph Marolla (1984, 2014) interviewed convicted rapists in prison they were concerned that the prisoners might shift their answers depending on which researcher was interviewing them because one was male and one was female. They were concerned that gender might lead to - correct answers interviewer bias. People all over the world, including college students, are breaking down national boundaries because of advances in communication, trade, and travel. This is referred to as ________. - correct answers globalization Capitalism is becoming the world's dominant economic system. This is referred to as ________. - correct answers globalization of capitalism Karl Marx suggested that the force that drives human history and is at the core of human society is ________. - correct answers class conflict The social thinker of the 19th century who predicted that there would be a classless society once the working class united and began a revolution was ________. - correct answers Karl Marx The French sociologist Emile Durkheim is most identified with which of the following areas of study? - correct answers social integration The first African American to earn a doctorate from Harvard University, who spent his lifetime studying race relations in America and was one of the founders of the NAACP, was ________. - correct answers W. E. B. Du Bois During his career, Anthony has worked as a juvenile police officer, corrections counselor in a state prison, and executive director of an urban redevelopment program. In view of this, which description best describes Anthony's career path? - correct answers Anthony has been an applied sociologist. Sociologists who analyze how social life depends on the ways that people define themselves and others are most likely ________. - correct answers symbolic interactionists Language, beliefs, values, norms, behavior, material objects, and technology that are passed from one generation to the next by members of society describe ________. - correct answers culture Jewelry, art, hairstyles, and clothing each represent examples of ________. - correct answers material culture The author's experience in Morocco, which included the absence of women from public positions, intense stares directed at him, pushing and shoving at the train station, and total disregard for sanitation by food vendors, left the author with a profound sense of ________. - correct answers culture shock Receiving the Medal of Honor and making the Dean's List are both examples of ________. - correct answers positive sanctions Anthropologists Edward Sapir and Benjamin Whorf concluded that ________. - correct answers language creates ways of thinking and perceiving The refusal of Christians to accept Islam as a valid religion is a form of ________, while the sincere effort to understand the practice of having multiple wives in some societies is a form of ________. - correct answers ethnocentrism; cultural relativism Sociologists use the concept of "norms" to describe ________. - correct answers expectations or rules of behavior that develop from values At the Back to Nature Nudist Colony, Ernie and Morello take a walk every morning along the beach, totally nude. Within the colony, which statement best describes the behavior of Ernie and Morello? - correct answers They are conforming to the folkways of their subculture. All of the following statements are examples of countercultures, EXCEPT for which one? - correct answers Chicago Cubs fans Three of the following terms are interchangeable. Which one does NOT belong with the other three? - correct answers social learning In recent years, cultures have become more similar to each other as a result of travel and communication. Sociologists use the term "________" to describe this process. - correct answers cultural leveling Without language, human culture would ________. - correct answers be little more advanced than lower primates Sociologists have identified an emerging set of five interrelated values in American society. What are these emerging values? - correct answers leisure, self-fulfillment, physical fitness, youthfulness, and environmental concern The emerging tools and the skills needed to use them, which have a significant impact on social life, are called ________. - correct answers new technology All of the following statements are accurate regarding language, EXCEPT for which one? - correct answers Language is universal in terms of the meaning of particular sounds. Although computers are supplied by the university, many professors never quite learn how to use them. Others feel they might break them so they avoid trying anything new. Others save data to their hard drive but also make a paper copy to keep. Such behavior is an example of ________. - correct answers cultural lag Good nutrition, medical care, comfortable housing, and a nice car are included in a classification of values in American society that sociologist Robin Williams would call ________. - correct answers material comfort Within a few blocks in midtown Manhattan, you can purchase a bagel with cream cheese, a hot dog, a steak, a polish sausage, or a pizza, as well as chow mein, lamb curry, sushi, lasagna, falafels, chicken couscous, enchiladas, and a host of ethnic specialties. This range of culinary possibilities illustrates the process of ________. - correct answers cultural diffusion Pigs, spiders, elephants, and other animals that rely solely on instinct act as they do because they lack a ________. - correct answers cerebral cortex Anthropologist Ralph Linton said, "The last thing a fish would ever notice would be water." What does this imply about culture? - correct answers Culture is taken for granted by members of society who share it. What is a social environment? - correct answers The people we interact with regularly In the 1930s, children reared in orphanages tended to have __________. - correct answers low IQs What is one disadvantage of being an isolated child? - correct answers A lack of idea sharing The looking-glass self relates to the concept of "me" by __________. - correct answers helping us to see ourselves as we think others see us, which allows the objective "me" to form George's brother is a star athlete on their high school's basketball team. George enjoys basketball as well but can't match the skills of his brother. His friends often tease him about being a bad player, and his parents have stopped coming to his Junior Varsity games, preferring to watch his brother play. According to Charles Cooley, how is George likely to feel about himself? - correct answers Because people view him as a bad basketball player, George will view himself as a bad basketball player. In the early middle years, a person would be most likely to __________ for the first time. - correct answersget divorced How has being elderly in the United States changed recently? - correct answers People who are in good health today are coming to experience their 60s not as old age, but as an extension of their middle years. Many high school and college students enjoy the excitement and control of __________. - correct answers video games Gender __________ are the methods society uses to tell us how males and females are expected to act. - correct answers messages Studying the twins, Jack and Oskar, teaches sociologists that __________. - correct answers social experiences override biology What was the purpose of splitting the babies into two groups in Skeels and Dye's experiment? - correct answers One-half received special treatment. "Male" and "female" are such powerful __________ that learning them forces us to interpret the world in terms of gender. - correct answers symbols Why might a teenage girl suddenly start listening to a new type of music? - correct answers he is experiencing anticipatory socialization. When Joe enters the Army, he is assigned a number, given a uniform, and told to shave off all facial hair. If you consider the Army a total institution, what process is Joe experiencing? - correct answers Resocialization Mr. and Mrs. James buy boxing gloves for their son and a doll carriage for their daughter. What is this an example of? - correct answers Gender socialization The correct sequence of Mead's three stages of how we learn to take on the role of others is __________. - correct answers imitation, play, team games Which of the following is an effect the increasing aging population will have on society? - correct answers The younger generations will be forced to interact more with the elderly. A(n) __________ is an example of a(n) __________. - correct answers peer group; agent of socialization A person's consistent manner of acting, feeling, and thinking is part of his or her __________. - correct answers personality Studying Anna and Isabelle helps sociologists consider the problem of __________. - correct answers nature vs. nurture __________ is based on income, education, and occupational prestige. - correct answers Social class A role is __________. - correct answers the behavior expected of someone who holds a particular status A master status can be __________. - correct answers achieved or ascribed Social structure sets the context for __________. - correct answers the kind of people we become Which of the following best describes Erving Goffman's "impression management"? - correct answers The efforts of a person to control the impressions that other people have of him or her Social structure tends to shape our behaviors and actions by __________. - correct answers overriding personal feelings and desires How is culture related to social structure? - correct answers Culture is a major component of social structure. How do ascribed status and achieved status compare? - correct answers An ascribed status is assigned, whereas an achieved status is earned. The symbolic interaction approach views society as __________. - correct answers the product of the everyday interactions of individuals __________ is the process by which people act and react in relation to others. - correct answers Social interaction Which of the following statements best describes the difference between a role and a status? - correct answers You occupy a status, but you play a role. Which of the following statements about groups is correct? - correct answers Being a member of a group means a person must yield to others the right to make decisions and judgments about his or her behavior. Which of the following is an example of norms pertaining to the social institution of religion? - correct answers A child attending a church's Sunday school According to the text, the basic need of postindustrial society provided by the social institution of science is to __________. - correct answers master the environment Functionalists view social institutions as __________. - correct answers working together to meet universal human needs In the United States, people tend to stay several feet apart when talking to each other. In the Middle East, however, both men and women tend to stand much closer. Which of the following does this demonstrate? - correct answers Personal space is largely cultural. Cindy acts casually around her friends but formally around her coworkers. When she gets together with her in-laws, she is polite and reserved; however, when she is alone with her husband and children, she is extroverted and witty. Erving Goffman would present Cindy's behavior as an example of __________. - correct answers dramaturgical analysis Julian conducts an experiment at a formal retirement ceremony. When he is introduced to people at the ceremony, he shakes hands with his left hand as opposed to the usual right hand. What is the expected result of the experiment? - correct answers People become upset and confused, because a social rule has been broken Eye contact is an example of __________. - correct answers social interaction Most of today's 225,000 Old Order Amish live in which of the following three states? - correct answers Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Indiana For a member of the Los Angeles street gang the Crips, the gang known as the Bloods is a(n) __________. - correct answers out-group Yardly University and Smithington College have a strong rivalry that spans decades. When their football teams meet to play each other, thousands of fans from both schools come to cheer on their team. Which of the following is true of the group dynamics among the fans? - correct answers The Yardly fans see themselves as an in-group and the Smithington fans as an out-group. "How are you?" is a common greeting. Members of which type of group are likely to really want to hear the details of how you are doing? - correct answers Primary group What is the difference between a group and a category? - correct answers Groups include people who identify and interact with one another, whereas members of a category are strangers. Which of the following best describes the relationship between formal organizations and bureaucracies? - correct answers Bureaucracies are specific kinds of formal organizations. __________ has made it easier than ever before for governments to monitor our behavior. - correct answers The microchip What is the basis for organization of all voluntary associations? - correct answers Mutual interest In Fox and Arquitt's study, inner circle members of the local VFW posts viewed rank-and-file members as __________. - correct answers ignorant boozers How do bosses in corporations feed into self-fulfilling stereotypes? - correct answers They provide better information to people who have characteristics similar to theirs. Which of the following is an example of the way a division of labor functions in a bureaucracy? - correct answers An author asks a bookseller whether she can do a reading at the store, and the bookseller transfers the call to the events director. A problem with groupthink is that it results in __________. - correct answersconforming, leading to a narrow view of an issue Stanley Milgram conducted the original __________ research. - correct answers"small world phenomenon" According to Max Weber, bureaucracies have the following characteristics: clear levels, a division of labor, written rules and regulations, __________, and impersonality and replaceability. - correct answerswritten communications and records Solomon Asch's well-known sociological research, in which a group of "stooges" collaborated to give wrong answers, examined which of the following topics? - correct answersConformity with peers A leader who asks for everyone's input is a(n) __________ leader. - correct answersdemocratic