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APC3703 Assignment 1 (COMPLETE ANSWERS) Semester 2 2025 - DUE August 2025

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APC3703 Assignment 1 (COMPLETE ANSWERS) Semester 2 2025 - DUE August 2025; 100% TRUSTED Complete, trusted solutions and explanations. For assistance, Whats-App 0.6.7-1.7.1-1.7.3.9. Ensure your success with us.. MAY/JUNE 2025 Section A: West Africa 1. Since independence in 1960, Nigeria has seen many military rulers recycled as civilian rulers. With this in mind, critically discuss the assertion by Onwutuebe (2002, e-reserve) that “problems of democratic infractions are prevalent in the current political system largely due to the persisting influence of military culture of political leadership”. [50] 2. Despite being a stable democracy for more than three decades, the crucial factor of democratic consolidation still eludes the West African nation of Ghana. Sefa-Nyarko (2022, e-reserve) interrogates this by looking at the checks and balances between the state and civil society in the country. Critically discuss Sefa-Nyarko’s (2022, e-reserve) view that a strong and effective civil society in Ghana holds the most effective method for taming the excesses of the state. [50] 3. Critically compare and contrast the challenges faced by Ghana and Nigeria with respect to democratic consolidation since their return to democracy in 1992 and 1999 respectively. [50] Section B: North Africa 4. Algeria avoided the upheavals of the 2011 Arab Spring through a combination of clientelism, state-managed reforms, and military-backed repression. In contrast, the peaceful Hirak movement of 2019, which ultimately led to the removal of President Abdelaziz Bouteflika, emerged from a deep and long-standing systemic crisis that threatened Algeria’s social, political, and economic stability. Critically evaluate this ‘revolutionary situation’ that led to the peaceful ouster of Bouteflika, as articulated by Serres (2022, e-reserve). [50] CONFIDENTAL Page 3 of 3 APC3703 MAY/JUNE 2025 5. “Since 2013, the military and security-led regime has reinstated its control over society and citizens with an iron fist, curtailing freedom of information and banning freedom of expression” (Hamzawy 2022, e-reserve). With this in mind, critically discuss the eradication of democratic gains after the 2011 uprising and re-establishment of authoritarian rule and practices in post-2013 coup Egypt. [50] 6. Critically discuss the political reforms of former Algerian President Zéroul in the mid-1990s that sought to establish a working democratic system. Evaluate these reforms in light of the subsequent election of Bouteflika in 1999. [50]

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APC3703
Assignment 1 Semester 2 2025
Unique Number:

Due Date: August 2025

ALL QUESTIONS

TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION A ................................................................................................................ 3
QUESTION 1 .......................................................................................................... 3
The Enduring Impact of Military Culture on Nigeria‘s Democratic Infractions ...... 3
QUESTION 2 .......................................................................................................... 8
CIVIL SOCIETY AND DEMOCRATIC CONSOLIDATION IN GHANA: A CRITICAL
ANALYSIS OF SEFA-NYARKO‘S VIEW ............................................................. 8
QUESTION 3 ........................................................................................................ 13
Democratic Consolidation in Ghana and Nigeria: A Comparative Analysis ....... 13
SECTION B .............................................................................................................. 19
QUESTION 4 ........................................................................................................ 19
Evaluating Algeria‘s ‗Revolutionary Situation‘: The Peaceful Fall of Bouteflika .. 19
QUESTION 5 ........................................................................................................ 23
The Return to Authoritarianism in Post-2013 Egypt: Erasure of Democratic Gains after
the 2011 Uprising ............................................................................................... 23
QUESTION 6 ........................................................................................................ 28Terms of use
By making use of this document you agree to:
From Zéroual to Bouteflika:
 UseEvaluating Democratic
this document as a guideReforms incomparison
for learning, 1990s Algeria .. 28 purpose,
and reference
Terms of use
 Not to duplicate, reproduce and/or misrepresent the contents of this document as your own work,
By making use of this document you agree to:
 Use this document
Fully accept the consequences
solely as a guide forshould you plagiarise
learning, reference,or and
misuse this document.
comparison purposes,
 Ensure originality of your own work, and fully accept the consequences should you plagiarise or misuse this document.
 Comply with all relevant standards, guidelines, regulations, and legislation governing academic and written work.

Disclaimer
Great care has been taken in the preparation of this document; however, the contents are provided "as is" without any express or
implied representations or warranties. The author accepts no responsibility or liability for any actions taken based on the
information contained within this document. This document is intended solely for comparison, research, and reference purposes.
Reproduction, resale, or transmission of any part of this document, in any form or by any means, is strictly prohibited.

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ALL QUESTIONS



TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION A ................................................................................................................ 3
QUESTION 1 .......................................................................................................... 3
The Enduring Impact of Military Culture on Nigeria‘s Democratic Infractions ...... 3
QUESTION 2 .......................................................................................................... 8
CIVIL SOCIETY AND DEMOCRATIC CONSOLIDATION IN GHANA: A
CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF SEFA-NYARKO‘S VIEW ............................................ 8
QUESTION 3 ........................................................................................................ 13
Democratic Consolidation in Ghana and Nigeria: A Comparative Analysis ....... 13
SECTION B .............................................................................................................. 19
QUESTION 4 ........................................................................................................ 19
Evaluating Algeria‘s ‗Revolutionary Situation‘: The Peaceful Fall of Bouteflika . 19
QUESTION 5 ........................................................................................................ 23
The Return to Authoritarianism in Post-2013 Egypt: Erasure of Democratic Gains
after the 2011 Uprising ...................................................................................... 23
QUESTION 6 ........................................................................................................ 28
From Zéroual to Bouteflika: Evaluating Democratic Reforms in 1990s Algeria .. 28




Disclaimer
Great care has been taken in the preparation of this document; however, the contents are provided "as is"
without any express or implied representations or warranties. The author accepts no responsibility or
liability for any actions taken based on the information contained within this document. This document is
intended solely for comparison, research, and reference purposes. Reproduction, resale, or transmission
of any part of this document, in any form or by any means, is strictly prohibited.

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