CALT Exam Study Guide Questions
2023/2024 – 80 Questions, 100%
Verified Original Copy from Experts
Question 1
Who coined the term “word blindness” in 1877 to describe severe reading difficulties?
a. Samuel Orton
b. Adolph Kussmaul
c. Rudolph Berlin
d. Norman Geschwind
Correct Answer: b
Explanation: Adolph Kussmaul introduced “word blindness” to describe severe reading
difficulties, later associated with dyslexia. Therapy Relevance: CALTs understand historical
terms to contextualize dyslexia’s neurological basis for effective intervention planning.
Question 2
What is strephosymbolia?
a. Difficulty speaking clearly
b. A learning disorder where symbols appear reversed or transposed
c. Enhanced reading fluency
d. A type of phoneme manipulation
Correct Answer: b
Explanation: Strephosymbolia, coined by Samuel Orton, refers to a learning disorder, often
dyslexia, where symbols (e.g., letters) appear reversed or transposed. Therapy Relevance:
CALTs address strephosymbolia through visual processing and letter recognition exercises.
Question 3
What are the five key components of effective literacy instruction?
a. Spelling, grammar, syntax, fluency, vocabulary
b. Phonological awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, comprehension
c. Reading, writing, listening, speaking, viewing
d. Decoding, encoding, morphology, syntax, semantics
,Correct Answer: b
Explanation: The National Reading Panel’s “Big Five” include phonological awareness,
phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension. Therapy Relevance: CALTs structure
interventions around these components to address literacy deficits in dyslexia.
Question 4
What is the term for the loss of reading ability due to brain injury?
a. Dyslexia
b. Alexia
c. Apasia
d. Dysgraphia
Correct Answer: b
Explanation: Alexia is the loss of reading ability due to brain injury, distinct from
developmental dyslexia. Therapy Relevance: CALTs differentiate alexia from dyslexia to tailor
appropriate interventions.
Question 5
What is a closed syllable?
a. A syllable ending in a vowel
b. A syllable with one vowel closed by a consonant
c. A syllable with two vowels
d. A syllable with no consonants
Correct Answer: b
Explanation: A closed syllable has one vowel followed by a consonant, e.g., “cat”. Therapy
Relevance: CALTs teach syllable types to help students with dyslexia decode words
systematically.
Question 6
What is the primary goal of phonemic awareness instruction?
a. Teaching letter recognition
b. Manipulating individual sounds in words
c. Improving reading fluency
d. Enhancing vocabulary knowledge
, Correct Answer: b
Explanation: Phonemic awareness focuses on manipulating individual sounds (phonemes), e.g.,
segmenting or blending. Therapy Relevance: CALTs prioritize phonemic awareness to build
reading foundations for students with dyslexia.
Question 7
What is the purpose of the McGuffey Readers in early 20th-century education?
a. Teaching sight word recognition
b. Formal phonics-based reading instruction
c. Promoting creative writing
d. Focusing on comprehension only
Correct Answer: b
Explanation: McGuffey Readers used phonics-based instruction to teach reading. Therapy
Relevance: CALTs use similar phonics-based methods to build decoding skills in students with
dyslexia.
Question 8
What is coarticulation in speech production?
a. Segmenting words into syllables
b. Overlapping phonemes during speech
c. Recognizing rhyming patterns
d. Reading with fluency
Correct Answer: b
Explanation: Coarticulation involves overlapping phonemes during speech, affecting
pronunciation. Therapy Relevance: CALTs address coarticulation to improve speech clarity in
students with language difficulties.
Question 9
Which phonological awareness skill typically develops first?
a. Blending phonemes
b. Segmenting syllables
c. Rhyming
d. Deleting phonemes
2023/2024 – 80 Questions, 100%
Verified Original Copy from Experts
Question 1
Who coined the term “word blindness” in 1877 to describe severe reading difficulties?
a. Samuel Orton
b. Adolph Kussmaul
c. Rudolph Berlin
d. Norman Geschwind
Correct Answer: b
Explanation: Adolph Kussmaul introduced “word blindness” to describe severe reading
difficulties, later associated with dyslexia. Therapy Relevance: CALTs understand historical
terms to contextualize dyslexia’s neurological basis for effective intervention planning.
Question 2
What is strephosymbolia?
a. Difficulty speaking clearly
b. A learning disorder where symbols appear reversed or transposed
c. Enhanced reading fluency
d. A type of phoneme manipulation
Correct Answer: b
Explanation: Strephosymbolia, coined by Samuel Orton, refers to a learning disorder, often
dyslexia, where symbols (e.g., letters) appear reversed or transposed. Therapy Relevance:
CALTs address strephosymbolia through visual processing and letter recognition exercises.
Question 3
What are the five key components of effective literacy instruction?
a. Spelling, grammar, syntax, fluency, vocabulary
b. Phonological awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, comprehension
c. Reading, writing, listening, speaking, viewing
d. Decoding, encoding, morphology, syntax, semantics
,Correct Answer: b
Explanation: The National Reading Panel’s “Big Five” include phonological awareness,
phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension. Therapy Relevance: CALTs structure
interventions around these components to address literacy deficits in dyslexia.
Question 4
What is the term for the loss of reading ability due to brain injury?
a. Dyslexia
b. Alexia
c. Apasia
d. Dysgraphia
Correct Answer: b
Explanation: Alexia is the loss of reading ability due to brain injury, distinct from
developmental dyslexia. Therapy Relevance: CALTs differentiate alexia from dyslexia to tailor
appropriate interventions.
Question 5
What is a closed syllable?
a. A syllable ending in a vowel
b. A syllable with one vowel closed by a consonant
c. A syllable with two vowels
d. A syllable with no consonants
Correct Answer: b
Explanation: A closed syllable has one vowel followed by a consonant, e.g., “cat”. Therapy
Relevance: CALTs teach syllable types to help students with dyslexia decode words
systematically.
Question 6
What is the primary goal of phonemic awareness instruction?
a. Teaching letter recognition
b. Manipulating individual sounds in words
c. Improving reading fluency
d. Enhancing vocabulary knowledge
, Correct Answer: b
Explanation: Phonemic awareness focuses on manipulating individual sounds (phonemes), e.g.,
segmenting or blending. Therapy Relevance: CALTs prioritize phonemic awareness to build
reading foundations for students with dyslexia.
Question 7
What is the purpose of the McGuffey Readers in early 20th-century education?
a. Teaching sight word recognition
b. Formal phonics-based reading instruction
c. Promoting creative writing
d. Focusing on comprehension only
Correct Answer: b
Explanation: McGuffey Readers used phonics-based instruction to teach reading. Therapy
Relevance: CALTs use similar phonics-based methods to build decoding skills in students with
dyslexia.
Question 8
What is coarticulation in speech production?
a. Segmenting words into syllables
b. Overlapping phonemes during speech
c. Recognizing rhyming patterns
d. Reading with fluency
Correct Answer: b
Explanation: Coarticulation involves overlapping phonemes during speech, affecting
pronunciation. Therapy Relevance: CALTs address coarticulation to improve speech clarity in
students with language difficulties.
Question 9
Which phonological awareness skill typically develops first?
a. Blending phonemes
b. Segmenting syllables
c. Rhyming
d. Deleting phonemes
