WHNP NCC EXAM UPDATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Tympany - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅loud, high pitched, "drum" sound heard on percussion
- heard over abdomen (except for organs/masses)
Resonance - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅loud, low pitched, hollow sound heard on percussion
Hyperresonance - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅very loud, low pitch, "boom" sound heard on percussion
40 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Waist circumference has little value if BMI is >/= ______
35 in - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅waist circumference >____ in a woman = inc. risks
Snellen chart - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅tests visual acuity; central vision (i.e. 20/20)
Rosenbaum card - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅tests visual acuity; near vision
Presbyopia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Near vision is impaired (Farsighted)
Myopia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Far vision is impaired (Nearsighted)
Confrontation test - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Tests peripheral vision/estimates visual fields
Extraocular muscle function - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅symmetrical movement to the 6 cardinal fields of
gaze test what?
Normal opthalmoscopic exam - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Red reflex present
- Yellow to pink optic disc w/ distinct margins
- Light red arterioles (2/3 diameter of veins) w/ bright light reflex
,- Veins dark red
- No venous tapering at AV crossings
Weber test - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Stem of a vibrating tuning fork on the midline of the head, patient
indicates in which ear the tone is heard
- Lateralization of sound through bone conduction
- Unilateral conductive loss - sound lateralizes toward affected ear
Unilateral sensorineural loss - sound lateralizes to the normal or better-hearing side.
Rinne test - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Vibrating tuning fork 1st placed on mastoid process, then in front
of external auditory canal to test bone vs air conduction of sound (AC:BC = 2:1)
- Test of conductive hearing loss
AC:BC = 2:1 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Normal results of Rinne test
Sensorineural hearing loss - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅caused by defect in inner ear distorting sound, age,
trauma from loud noises, genetics
Conductive hearing loss - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅impaired through external/middle ear; caused by fluid,
object, swelling, ruptured eardrum, ear wax
Normal otoscopic exam - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Tympanic membrane intact, pearly gray, translucent,
with cone light at 5-7:00
Acute otitis media - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅infx of middle ear; often preceded by URI or allergies/smoke
Full/bulging tympanic membrane with no/obscured bony landmarks, distorted light reflex, post-
auricular cervical lymphadenopaty
tx: amoxicillin (augmentin, azith, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole)
,Malignant melanoma - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Asymmetry
- Borders irregular
- Color blue or black
- Diameter > 6 mm
- Elevation
Leukoplakia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅thickened, white, leathery patch in mouth/tongue can develop into
squamous cell carcinoma
Pharyngitis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Erythematous pharynx, tonsils 3+, white exudate, enlarged tender
anterior cervical nodes
tx:
GABHS - PCN PO/benzathine PCN IM (erythromycin if allergy)
Normal breath sounds - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Vesicular; bronchial over trachea, bronchovesicular near
main bronchus
Resonant - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Normal sound of lung percussion
< - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Respiratory: Normal = AP diameter (> / <) transverse
Decreased - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Tactile fremitus is (increased/decreased) with emphysema, asthma,
and pleural effusion
Increased - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Tactile fremitus is (increased/decreased) with global pneumonia and
pulmonary edema
, Vocal resonance - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅This is usually muffled/indistinct; if it is not = fluid/solid mass
in lungs
Crackles - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Air flowing by fluid; sign of early heart failure, pneumonia, or
bronchitis
Fine crackles - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Heard at end of inspiration, high pitch, popping, short duration
Coarse crackle - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Heard during inspiration (may be during exp), low pitch, loud,
bubbling, longer duration
- Does not disappear with coughing
Rhonchi - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Air passing over solid/thick secretions in large airways
- Bronchitis, pneumonia
- Heard with inspiration and expiration
- Low pitch, loud, snore-like
- Disappears w/ cough
Wheezing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Air flow through constricted passage
- Chronic emphysema, asthma
- High pitch, louder during expiration, squeaky
Pleural friction rub - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Inflammation of pleural tissue
- Pleuritis, pericarditis, heard with inspiration/expiration
- Dry, rubbing, grating
Apical impulse - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅4th-5h left intercostal space medial to midclavicular line
S1 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Occurs at start of systole at apex
Tympany - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅loud, high pitched, "drum" sound heard on percussion
- heard over abdomen (except for organs/masses)
Resonance - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅loud, low pitched, hollow sound heard on percussion
Hyperresonance - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅very loud, low pitch, "boom" sound heard on percussion
40 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Waist circumference has little value if BMI is >/= ______
35 in - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅waist circumference >____ in a woman = inc. risks
Snellen chart - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅tests visual acuity; central vision (i.e. 20/20)
Rosenbaum card - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅tests visual acuity; near vision
Presbyopia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Near vision is impaired (Farsighted)
Myopia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Far vision is impaired (Nearsighted)
Confrontation test - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Tests peripheral vision/estimates visual fields
Extraocular muscle function - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅symmetrical movement to the 6 cardinal fields of
gaze test what?
Normal opthalmoscopic exam - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Red reflex present
- Yellow to pink optic disc w/ distinct margins
- Light red arterioles (2/3 diameter of veins) w/ bright light reflex
,- Veins dark red
- No venous tapering at AV crossings
Weber test - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Stem of a vibrating tuning fork on the midline of the head, patient
indicates in which ear the tone is heard
- Lateralization of sound through bone conduction
- Unilateral conductive loss - sound lateralizes toward affected ear
Unilateral sensorineural loss - sound lateralizes to the normal or better-hearing side.
Rinne test - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Vibrating tuning fork 1st placed on mastoid process, then in front
of external auditory canal to test bone vs air conduction of sound (AC:BC = 2:1)
- Test of conductive hearing loss
AC:BC = 2:1 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Normal results of Rinne test
Sensorineural hearing loss - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅caused by defect in inner ear distorting sound, age,
trauma from loud noises, genetics
Conductive hearing loss - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅impaired through external/middle ear; caused by fluid,
object, swelling, ruptured eardrum, ear wax
Normal otoscopic exam - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Tympanic membrane intact, pearly gray, translucent,
with cone light at 5-7:00
Acute otitis media - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅infx of middle ear; often preceded by URI or allergies/smoke
Full/bulging tympanic membrane with no/obscured bony landmarks, distorted light reflex, post-
auricular cervical lymphadenopaty
tx: amoxicillin (augmentin, azith, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole)
,Malignant melanoma - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Asymmetry
- Borders irregular
- Color blue or black
- Diameter > 6 mm
- Elevation
Leukoplakia - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅thickened, white, leathery patch in mouth/tongue can develop into
squamous cell carcinoma
Pharyngitis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Erythematous pharynx, tonsils 3+, white exudate, enlarged tender
anterior cervical nodes
tx:
GABHS - PCN PO/benzathine PCN IM (erythromycin if allergy)
Normal breath sounds - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Vesicular; bronchial over trachea, bronchovesicular near
main bronchus
Resonant - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Normal sound of lung percussion
< - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Respiratory: Normal = AP diameter (> / <) transverse
Decreased - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Tactile fremitus is (increased/decreased) with emphysema, asthma,
and pleural effusion
Increased - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Tactile fremitus is (increased/decreased) with global pneumonia and
pulmonary edema
, Vocal resonance - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅This is usually muffled/indistinct; if it is not = fluid/solid mass
in lungs
Crackles - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Air flowing by fluid; sign of early heart failure, pneumonia, or
bronchitis
Fine crackles - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Heard at end of inspiration, high pitch, popping, short duration
Coarse crackle - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Heard during inspiration (may be during exp), low pitch, loud,
bubbling, longer duration
- Does not disappear with coughing
Rhonchi - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Air passing over solid/thick secretions in large airways
- Bronchitis, pneumonia
- Heard with inspiration and expiration
- Low pitch, loud, snore-like
- Disappears w/ cough
Wheezing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Air flow through constricted passage
- Chronic emphysema, asthma
- High pitch, louder during expiration, squeaky
Pleural friction rub - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Inflammation of pleural tissue
- Pleuritis, pericarditis, heard with inspiration/expiration
- Dry, rubbing, grating
Apical impulse - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅4th-5h left intercostal space medial to midclavicular line
S1 - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Occurs at start of systole at apex
