Clinical Imaging Quiz 1Exam Questions And Well Defined Answers Graded A+.

Why Study imaging? - correct answer1) PT's provide a comprehensive evaluation and are in position to be able to best explain image findings to patients 2) Direct access is a growing component within the general PT scope of practice Why Study imaging? - correct answer Safe Timely Efficient Effective Patient Centered Equitable What are we trying not to do? - correct answer Provide an image diagnosis, second guess the radiologist, or confuse the patient What is our goal? - correct answer Our goal is to participate in professional collaboration to enhance the quality of patient care Imaging - correct answer What type of imaging is it? What anatomy is in the image? Types of Imaging Examinations - correct answer Radiographs (X-ray radiographs) Computed Tomogram (CT) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Bone Scintigraphy Duel energy X-ray aborptiometry (DEXA) Ultrasonography (US) Projections - correct answer Converts 3D to 2D (radiography, X-ray) 3D display - correct answer Whole volume display (3D CT) Tomographic - correct answer Images a single plane of finite thickness (CT, MRI, Ultrasound) Projection Views - correct answer Anteroposterior Posteroanterior Lateral Oblique Tomography Views - correct answer Sagittal, Coronal, Axial Indications for Radiographs (projection view) - correct answer-easy, cheap, quick tool -useful for fracture, infection, and alignment abnormalities -body absorbs and whats left is image Muskuloskeletal Radiology - correct answer X-ray electromagnetic radiation (energy passes through body) YOU LOOK AT FILM OR RADIOGRAPH A radiograph: is an x-ray film containing an image of an anatomical part of a patient (You wouldn't look at an x-ray because you can't see it) Bone - correct answer Absorbs a lot of energy, that's why it shows up as white ALSO VERY DENSE Less amount of radiation Remnant Radiation - correct answer Beam emerges from the body containing different intensities of the radiation Radiolucent - correct answer Easily penetrated by x-rays Radiopaque - correct answer Impenetrable to x-rays (metals) Radiodense - correct answer Increased radiodensity Radiodensity - correct answer Depends on: Composition Thickness Outline The more radiodense an object the whiter it will appear on the film Increasing Object Radiodensity - correct answer Air Fat Water Bone Metal Image receptors - correct answer Film/screen Fluoroscopy Digital Angle of projection - correct answer Change its Thickness Outline Factors that effect image quality - correct answer Thickness of body part, contrast, detail Better image - correct answer More current and time exposure For better sharpness, resolution, definition - correct answer Avoid blur from motion Avoid scatter Avoid distortion and magnification Distortion/magnification - correct answer Controlled by the distance between object and image recorded Anteriorposterior - correct answer If you want x-ray of back Posterioranterior - correct answer If you want x-ray of chest (because it would be on receptor) Legal document - correct answer2 views required for the image Systematic Search Pattern: radiographs - correct answer ABCS Alignment Bone Density Cartilage spaces Soft tissues Alignment - correct answer Skeletal architecture, size and contour of bones, alignment of bones Bone Density - correct answer Bone density, textural abnormalities, Local bone density changes Cartilage Space - correct answer Joint space width, subchondral bone, epiphyseal plates Cartilage Space Disease - correct answer Gout, blount disease, Soft Tissues - correct answer Muscles Fat pads and Fat lines Joint Capsules Periosteum Advantage of Radiography - correct answer Quick to take Cheap Low radiation dose Good to visualize the bone definition Screens for other pathology Helpful in determining what's next Disadvantage of Radiography - correct answer Not sensitive to small changes in bone SOft tissue is hard to visualize Static 2 dimensional image Fleuroscopy - correct answer Shows continuous x-ray Advantages of fluoroscopy - correct answer used in fracture fixation, arthography, myelography, dksigraphy, and biopsy -can be used to evaluate movement Disadvantages of Fluoroscopy - correct answer Radiation exposure, radiation-induced injuries Computerized Tomography (CT) - correct answer Radiography and computer technology; multiple radiographs Advantages of CT - correct answer Visualize bone, aquire images of a large portion of body , loose bodies in a joint, non-invasive way to see arteries, nerves, and veins Can be seen in 3D Cheaper than MRI Disadvantages of CT - correct answer Higher radiation