CHEM 210 Biochemistry Module 8 – Electron Transport Chain, ATP Synthase, and Urea Cycle with Clinical Applications

CHEM 210 Module 8 Exam Newest

1. What is the "unifying" theory covered in this module?:

Chemiosmotic theory



2. How many ATP are produced per NADH molecule? Per FADH2

molecule?: -

NADH produced 2.5 ATP, while produces FADH21.5 ATP.



3. What happens to the carbon skeleton of an amino acid after it

is separated from NH4+?: The carbon skeleton becomes acetyl-CoA,

then ATP.



4. Why is urea such a good molecule for excreting nitrogen from

cells?: It has a high density of nitrogen in a small molecule, and it can

form numerous hydrogen bonds with water.


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, 5. What is an integral protein?: A protein firmly embedded in th

lipid bilayer



6. How many complexes are in the ETC?: Four complexes named

complex I, II, III, and IV




7. At which ETC complex is H2O produced? How is it produced?:

At complex IV by the following reaction: O2 + 4e- + 4H+ ’ 2H2O



8. What complex oxidizes NADH? How about FADH2?: Complex

I for NADH. Complex II for FADH2.




9. At which complex is water produced from oxygen?: Complex IV



10.How is the H+ gradient formed?: Complexes I, III, and IV pump

these ions from the matrix to the intermembrane space.



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