PUBH 6012 Exam 1 Questions and Answers |Complete Solutions Graded A+ |100% Correct
public health ethics principles and values that help guide actions designed to promote
health and prevent injury and disease in the population
principles of biomedical ethics respect for autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence, justice
Pure Food and Drug Act 1906; ensured people knew what they were buying
Nuremberg Code 1948; mandated voluntary consent of the human subject
Kefauver Amendments 1962; required drug manufacturers to prove to FDA effectiveness of
their products before marketing them; response to Thalidomide disaster
Tuskegee Syphilis Study research project conducted by the U.S. Public Health Service from
1932 to 1972; violated human rights of subjects and stopped only after study was made public
National Research Act 1974; codified protection of human subjects; established National
Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research
Belmont report 1979; established three basic ethical principles for regulations involving
human subjects: respect for persons, beneficence, justice
informed consent application of respect for persons
information, comprehension, voluntariness three elements of informed consent
assessment of risks and benefits application of beneficence
,selection of subject application of justice
common rule 1981 and 1991; federal regulations based on the Belmont Report that are
overseen by HHS and FDA; codified protection of human subjects, IRBs
common rule main elements of this include: ensuring compliance, informed consent, IRBs,
protections for vulnerable subjects
framework of ethical principles for public health non-maleficence, beneficence, health
maximization, efficiency, respect for autonomy, justice, proportionality
distributive justice benefits and risks of research must be distributed fairly
legal right power of privilege that had been guaranteed to an individual under the law; not
something that is claimed as an interest or something that is a matter of governmental
discretion
property right generic term referring to an entitlement to personal or real property
evidence-based this type of approach improves chances that an intervention or policy is
effective, safe, and addresses concerns of those affected; requires accuracy and transparency
intellectual honesty presenting balance of evidence accurately in policy arguments,
research, and options analyses
STEEEP acronym for six measures of quality healthcare
population health health outcomes of a group of individuals, including the distribution of
such outcomes within the group; often geographic populations such as nations or communities,
, but can also be other groups such as employees, ethnic groups, disabled persons, prisoners, or
any other defined group
20% percentage that clinical care contributes to length and quality of life
public health encompasses population health, but often is limited to the role of a
government entity in addressing health and health-related needs
assessment, policy development, and assurance three core functions of public health
assessment understanding what is happening in a population; identifies health problems
policy development having programs in place to address problems discovered in
assessment; devises policies and programs to address health problems
assurance giving access and care to people; reassessing the health status and leading to
further development and application of policies
equity at the center of the three core functions of public health
purpose of public health prevent epidemics and spread of disease, protect against
environmental hazards, prevent injuries, promote and encourage healthy behaviors, respond to
disasters and assist communities in recovery, assure the quality and accessibility of services
40% percentage that social services contributes to length and quality of life
health in all policies (HiAP) approach that describes how other sectors should analyze the
health impact of any actions or new programs they are considering
public health ethics principles and values that help guide actions designed to promote
health and prevent injury and disease in the population
principles of biomedical ethics respect for autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence, justice
Pure Food and Drug Act 1906; ensured people knew what they were buying
Nuremberg Code 1948; mandated voluntary consent of the human subject
Kefauver Amendments 1962; required drug manufacturers to prove to FDA effectiveness of
their products before marketing them; response to Thalidomide disaster
Tuskegee Syphilis Study research project conducted by the U.S. Public Health Service from
1932 to 1972; violated human rights of subjects and stopped only after study was made public
National Research Act 1974; codified protection of human subjects; established National
Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research
Belmont report 1979; established three basic ethical principles for regulations involving
human subjects: respect for persons, beneficence, justice
informed consent application of respect for persons
information, comprehension, voluntariness three elements of informed consent
assessment of risks and benefits application of beneficence
,selection of subject application of justice
common rule 1981 and 1991; federal regulations based on the Belmont Report that are
overseen by HHS and FDA; codified protection of human subjects, IRBs
common rule main elements of this include: ensuring compliance, informed consent, IRBs,
protections for vulnerable subjects
framework of ethical principles for public health non-maleficence, beneficence, health
maximization, efficiency, respect for autonomy, justice, proportionality
distributive justice benefits and risks of research must be distributed fairly
legal right power of privilege that had been guaranteed to an individual under the law; not
something that is claimed as an interest or something that is a matter of governmental
discretion
property right generic term referring to an entitlement to personal or real property
evidence-based this type of approach improves chances that an intervention or policy is
effective, safe, and addresses concerns of those affected; requires accuracy and transparency
intellectual honesty presenting balance of evidence accurately in policy arguments,
research, and options analyses
STEEEP acronym for six measures of quality healthcare
population health health outcomes of a group of individuals, including the distribution of
such outcomes within the group; often geographic populations such as nations or communities,
, but can also be other groups such as employees, ethnic groups, disabled persons, prisoners, or
any other defined group
20% percentage that clinical care contributes to length and quality of life
public health encompasses population health, but often is limited to the role of a
government entity in addressing health and health-related needs
assessment, policy development, and assurance three core functions of public health
assessment understanding what is happening in a population; identifies health problems
policy development having programs in place to address problems discovered in
assessment; devises policies and programs to address health problems
assurance giving access and care to people; reassessing the health status and leading to
further development and application of policies
equity at the center of the three core functions of public health
purpose of public health prevent epidemics and spread of disease, protect against
environmental hazards, prevent injuries, promote and encourage healthy behaviors, respond to
disasters and assist communities in recovery, assure the quality and accessibility of services
40% percentage that social services contributes to length and quality of life
health in all policies (HiAP) approach that describes how other sectors should analyze the
health impact of any actions or new programs they are considering
