TNCC PRE COURSE STUDY GUIDE EXAM CORRECT ANSWERS
1.Why eis eit eimportant eto eunderstand ebiomechanics eas eit erelates eto etypes
eof eenergy eforces eand eMOI?: eUnderstanding ehow eenergy eforces eaffect
ethe ehuman ebody eis euseful efor ebetter eanticipating eeffects eof etrauma
eon ea eperson
2.What eare ecommon eMOIs ethat eresult ein etrauma: eblunt, epenetrating, eblas
3.What einjuries eare eexpected ein eeach estage eof ea eblast e(explosion):
ePrimary e(di- erect eblast eeffects) e- epulmonary ebarotrauma, etympanic
emembrane erupture, eabdominal ehemorrhage/perforation, eglobe
erupture, emild eTBI
Secondary e(projectiles) e- epenetrating eor eblunt einjuries, eeye epenetration
Tertiary e(propulsion eof ebody eonto ehard esurface) e- eblunt/penetrating
einjury, efracture, etraumatic eamputation, eclosed/open eTBI
Quaternary e(heat/fume/combustion) e- eburns, ecrush einjury, easthma,
eCOPD, eangina, ehyperglycemia, ehypertension
Quinary e(hazardous ematerials) e- edepends eon eagent e(bacteria,
eradiation, echemical eetc)
4.Why eis eit eimportant eto euse ea esystemic eapproach eto ethe einitial
eassessment eof ea etrauma epatient?: eTo emaximize eoutcomes eand ereduce
ethe erisk eof eundiscovered einjuries.
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e27
,5.What eis eincluded ein ethe epreparation efor ea etrauma epatient?: eActivate ethe
eTrauma eTeam eand eassign eroles
Prepare ethe
eroom/equipment eDon
ePPE
Consider esafety ethreats
eDecontamination
6.What einformation eis eobtained ein ethe egeneral eimpression: eoverall
estatus eand eidentification eof ehemorrhage; eidentify eall elife
ethreatening einjuries; eAPVU
7.What edoes ethe eA-J emnemonic estand efor?: eA e- eairway/alertness
B e- ebreathing/ventilation
C e- ecirculation, econtrol eof ehemorrhage
D e- edisability e(neuro estatus)
E e- eexposure eand eenvironmental econtrol
F e- efull eset eof evitals/family epresence
G e- eget eadjusts/give ecomfort
L e- elabs
M e- emonitor ecardiac estatus
N e- enasogastric/orogastric
O e- eoxygenation
P e- epain
H e- ehistory/head eto etoe
2 e/
e27
, I e- einspect eposterior
J e- ejust ekeep ereevaluating
8.What edoes ealertness einclude ein eairway eassessment?: eAPVU
9.When ean eintervention eis etaken eduring ethe eprimary esurvey, ewhat
emust ethe enurse edo eafter ethe eintervention?: ereassess
10.What eare ecomponants eof esecondary esurvey?:
ehistory ehead eto etoe eassessment
inspect eposterior
esurfaces ereassessment
11.What eshould enurse ereevaluate?: eall easpects eof ethe eprimary eand
esecondary eassessments
V e- evitals
I e-
einjuries/interventio
ns eP e- eprimary
esurvey
P e- epain
12.What eare ethe edifferences ein eventilation, ediffusion eand eperfusion?:
eventilation
- mechanical eprocess eof ebreathing
diffusion e- emovement eof egases e(higher eto elower
econcentration) eperfusion e- emovement eof eblood
ethrough ecirculatory esystem
13.What eare epossible ecauses eof eairway eobstruction ein ethe etrauma
epatient?: eal- etered econsciousness e- etongue efalling eposteriorly einto
eoropharynx, eblood/vomit/fluids eunable eto ebe ecleared
maxillofacial etrauma e- eedema, esecretions, ebleeding, edislodeged
e teeth/dentures neck/larangeal
e e trauma e - vascular
e e injuries
e resulting ein ehematomas
obese epatients e- eincreased efat edeposition
14.What einterventions eaddress eairway eobstruction?:
esuction ejaw ethrust
insert e airway
15.What eis ethe edifference ebetween ean eairway eadjunct eand ea edefinitive
eairway?-
3 e/
e27
1.Why eis eit eimportant eto eunderstand ebiomechanics eas eit erelates eto etypes
eof eenergy eforces eand eMOI?: eUnderstanding ehow eenergy eforces eaffect
ethe ehuman ebody eis euseful efor ebetter eanticipating eeffects eof etrauma
eon ea eperson
2.What eare ecommon eMOIs ethat eresult ein etrauma: eblunt, epenetrating, eblas
3.What einjuries eare eexpected ein eeach estage eof ea eblast e(explosion):
ePrimary e(di- erect eblast eeffects) e- epulmonary ebarotrauma, etympanic
emembrane erupture, eabdominal ehemorrhage/perforation, eglobe
erupture, emild eTBI
Secondary e(projectiles) e- epenetrating eor eblunt einjuries, eeye epenetration
Tertiary e(propulsion eof ebody eonto ehard esurface) e- eblunt/penetrating
einjury, efracture, etraumatic eamputation, eclosed/open eTBI
Quaternary e(heat/fume/combustion) e- eburns, ecrush einjury, easthma,
eCOPD, eangina, ehyperglycemia, ehypertension
Quinary e(hazardous ematerials) e- edepends eon eagent e(bacteria,
eradiation, echemical eetc)
4.Why eis eit eimportant eto euse ea esystemic eapproach eto ethe einitial
eassessment eof ea etrauma epatient?: eTo emaximize eoutcomes eand ereduce
ethe erisk eof eundiscovered einjuries.
1 e/
e27
,5.What eis eincluded ein ethe epreparation efor ea etrauma epatient?: eActivate ethe
eTrauma eTeam eand eassign eroles
Prepare ethe
eroom/equipment eDon
ePPE
Consider esafety ethreats
eDecontamination
6.What einformation eis eobtained ein ethe egeneral eimpression: eoverall
estatus eand eidentification eof ehemorrhage; eidentify eall elife
ethreatening einjuries; eAPVU
7.What edoes ethe eA-J emnemonic estand efor?: eA e- eairway/alertness
B e- ebreathing/ventilation
C e- ecirculation, econtrol eof ehemorrhage
D e- edisability e(neuro estatus)
E e- eexposure eand eenvironmental econtrol
F e- efull eset eof evitals/family epresence
G e- eget eadjusts/give ecomfort
L e- elabs
M e- emonitor ecardiac estatus
N e- enasogastric/orogastric
O e- eoxygenation
P e- epain
H e- ehistory/head eto etoe
2 e/
e27
, I e- einspect eposterior
J e- ejust ekeep ereevaluating
8.What edoes ealertness einclude ein eairway eassessment?: eAPVU
9.When ean eintervention eis etaken eduring ethe eprimary esurvey, ewhat
emust ethe enurse edo eafter ethe eintervention?: ereassess
10.What eare ecomponants eof esecondary esurvey?:
ehistory ehead eto etoe eassessment
inspect eposterior
esurfaces ereassessment
11.What eshould enurse ereevaluate?: eall easpects eof ethe eprimary eand
esecondary eassessments
V e- evitals
I e-
einjuries/interventio
ns eP e- eprimary
esurvey
P e- epain
12.What eare ethe edifferences ein eventilation, ediffusion eand eperfusion?:
eventilation
- mechanical eprocess eof ebreathing
diffusion e- emovement eof egases e(higher eto elower
econcentration) eperfusion e- emovement eof eblood
ethrough ecirculatory esystem
13.What eare epossible ecauses eof eairway eobstruction ein ethe etrauma
epatient?: eal- etered econsciousness e- etongue efalling eposteriorly einto
eoropharynx, eblood/vomit/fluids eunable eto ebe ecleared
maxillofacial etrauma e- eedema, esecretions, ebleeding, edislodeged
e teeth/dentures neck/larangeal
e e trauma e - vascular
e e injuries
e resulting ein ehematomas
obese epatients e- eincreased efat edeposition
14.What einterventions eaddress eairway eobstruction?:
esuction ejaw ethrust
insert e airway
15.What eis ethe edifference ebetween ean eairway eadjunct eand ea edefinitive
eairway?-
3 e/
e27
