NURS 6035 – Neuro System Review with Practice Questions and
Correct answers for Advanced Pathophysiology
Dysarthria - correct answer -difficulty forming words (articulation)
-lesions of the tongue and palate are usually responsible
Dysphonia - correct answer -difficulty in phonation resulting in an alteration in the volume and
tone of the voice
-lesions of the palate and vocal cords are usually responsible
dysphasia - correct answer difficulty comprehending or speaking as a result of cerebral
dysfunction
Aphasia - correct answer total loss of speech
expressive aphasia - correct answer -Difficulty to produce language ( despite being able to
understand language)
-you know what you want to say but have trouble saying or writing what you mean
Receptive aphasia - correct answer -inability to understand spoken or written words; hear the
words/see the print but cant make sense of the words
-speak well and use long sentences, but what they say may not make sense. They may not know
that what they're saying is wrong, so may get frustrated when people don't understand them
- "word salad" speech tends to include random words and phrases thrown together
Destructive lesion - correct answer -A lesion is an area of tissue that has been damaged through
injury or disease
-Can be caused by injury, infection, exposure to chemicals, problems with the immune system,
etc.
Orientation - correct answer -Refers to a person's awareness of self in relation to other
persons, places, and time
-What is your name, where are you right now, what year is it
Judgement - correct answer -Asking the patient to interpret a simple problem
-Requires higher cerebral function
-"What would you do if you noticed an addressed envelope with an uncanceled stamp on it on
the street near a mailbox?"
, Abstraction - correct answer -Higher cerebral function that requires comprehension and
judgement
-Commonly uses proverbs: interpret "people who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones"
Affect - correct answer emotional response to an event
visual agnosia - correct answer the inability to recognize a visual stimulus despite the ability to
see it and pick it up
Agnosia - correct answer ailure to recognize a sensory stimulus despite normal primary
sensationF
Tactile agnosia - correct answer -The inability to identify objects by touch
-Can feel the weight of the object, yet unable to understand the significance or the use of the
object; can still name objects by sight, draw pictures of objects, as well as reach them
-Caused by lesions to the parietal lobe
Autotopagnosia - correct answer Inability to identify body parts on self
Praxis - correct answer ability to perform a motor activity
Dyspraxia - correct answer -Decreased ability to perform voluntary movement
-caused by deep frontal lobe lesion
Constructional apraxia - correct answer -Unable to draw simple designs such as shapes
- caused by a posterior parietal lobe lesion
Retinal detachment - correct answer -two layers of the retina separate from each other
-ACUTE painless visual loss
Compression of the optic nerve - correct answer Painless loss of vision over a period of time
Amaurosis fugax - correct answer transient visual loss lasting up to 3 minutes, a feature of
internal carotid artery disease or other embolic disease
Migraine - correct answer -Transient episodes of visual loss possible before the development of
headaches
-Biphasic type of headache associated with a prodromal phase (aura) followed by the headache
phase
- Headache is usually unilateral and described as pulsating, can last hours to days
-Triggered by stress, anxiety, birth control pills, hormonal changes, ingestion of certain foods,
hunger; often a family history
Correct answers for Advanced Pathophysiology
Dysarthria - correct answer -difficulty forming words (articulation)
-lesions of the tongue and palate are usually responsible
Dysphonia - correct answer -difficulty in phonation resulting in an alteration in the volume and
tone of the voice
-lesions of the palate and vocal cords are usually responsible
dysphasia - correct answer difficulty comprehending or speaking as a result of cerebral
dysfunction
Aphasia - correct answer total loss of speech
expressive aphasia - correct answer -Difficulty to produce language ( despite being able to
understand language)
-you know what you want to say but have trouble saying or writing what you mean
Receptive aphasia - correct answer -inability to understand spoken or written words; hear the
words/see the print but cant make sense of the words
-speak well and use long sentences, but what they say may not make sense. They may not know
that what they're saying is wrong, so may get frustrated when people don't understand them
- "word salad" speech tends to include random words and phrases thrown together
Destructive lesion - correct answer -A lesion is an area of tissue that has been damaged through
injury or disease
-Can be caused by injury, infection, exposure to chemicals, problems with the immune system,
etc.
Orientation - correct answer -Refers to a person's awareness of self in relation to other
persons, places, and time
-What is your name, where are you right now, what year is it
Judgement - correct answer -Asking the patient to interpret a simple problem
-Requires higher cerebral function
-"What would you do if you noticed an addressed envelope with an uncanceled stamp on it on
the street near a mailbox?"
, Abstraction - correct answer -Higher cerebral function that requires comprehension and
judgement
-Commonly uses proverbs: interpret "people who live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones"
Affect - correct answer emotional response to an event
visual agnosia - correct answer the inability to recognize a visual stimulus despite the ability to
see it and pick it up
Agnosia - correct answer ailure to recognize a sensory stimulus despite normal primary
sensationF
Tactile agnosia - correct answer -The inability to identify objects by touch
-Can feel the weight of the object, yet unable to understand the significance or the use of the
object; can still name objects by sight, draw pictures of objects, as well as reach them
-Caused by lesions to the parietal lobe
Autotopagnosia - correct answer Inability to identify body parts on self
Praxis - correct answer ability to perform a motor activity
Dyspraxia - correct answer -Decreased ability to perform voluntary movement
-caused by deep frontal lobe lesion
Constructional apraxia - correct answer -Unable to draw simple designs such as shapes
- caused by a posterior parietal lobe lesion
Retinal detachment - correct answer -two layers of the retina separate from each other
-ACUTE painless visual loss
Compression of the optic nerve - correct answer Painless loss of vision over a period of time
Amaurosis fugax - correct answer transient visual loss lasting up to 3 minutes, a feature of
internal carotid artery disease or other embolic disease
Migraine - correct answer -Transient episodes of visual loss possible before the development of
headaches
-Biphasic type of headache associated with a prodromal phase (aura) followed by the headache
phase
- Headache is usually unilateral and described as pulsating, can last hours to days
-Triggered by stress, anxiety, birth control pills, hormonal changes, ingestion of certain foods,
hunger; often a family history
