NPS EXAM STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
Pre and post-ductal blood gas studies are performed to evaluate
a. right-to-left shunting
b. left-to-right shunting
c. neonatal jaundice
d. coarctation of aorta - ANSWER-a. right-to-left shunting
What is the most accurate site for monitoring body temperature in the newborn?
a. tympanic
b. rectal
c. skin
d. axillary - ANSWER-c. skin
When clubbing of the fingers or toes is present
a. the fingers or toes become enlarged due to acute hypoxia
b. loss of mobility occurs in the finger or toes due to hypercarbia
c. the angle of the nail bed is increased
d. polycythemia due to heart disease is also present - ANSWER-c. the angle of the nail
bed is increased
Which of the following conditions could cause acrocyanosis?
1. anemia, 2. polycythemia, 3. hypothermia, 4. hyperthermia
a. 1 and 3
b. 2 and 4
c. 1 and 4
d. 3 only - ANSWER-d. 3 only
Respiratory grunting is a sound heard at the end of
a. inspiration just before a rapid exhalation
b. expiration just before a rapid inspiration
c. inspiration just before a normal exhalation
d. expiration just before a normal inspiration - ANSWER-b. expiration just before a rapid
inspiration
Transillumination of the chest is recommended when the neonatal/pediatric specialist
suspects the presence of a
a. tension pneumothorax
b. tracheoesphageal fistula
c. myelomeningocele
d. pleural effusion - ANSWER-a. tension pneumothorax
,Poor femoral pulses may indicate a
a. patent ductus arteriosus
b. ventricular septal defect
c. coarctation of the aorta
d. hypoplastic left heart - ANSWER-c. coarctation of the aorta
Vibrations that are felt on the chest wall due to secretions are referred to as
a. vocal fremitus
b. rhonchi
c. rales
d. tactile fremitus - ANSWER-d. tactile fremitus
Optimum chest tube placement for an infant with a pneumothorax is in the
a. anterior chest
b. lateral chest
c. posterior chest
d. inferior chest - ANSWER-a. anterior chest
What is pulmonary interstitial emphysema?
a. air dessecting upward into the soft tissues of the neck
b. trapped collections of air in the acinus portion of the lung
c. air released into the tissues surrounding the bronchi
d. an airless section of the lung - ANSWER-c. air released into the tissues surrounding
the bronchi
A pleural effusion is best demonstrated by
a. two right-angle radiographs
b. PA and AP films
c. a lateral decubitus film
d. a lateral neck film - ANSWER-c. a lateral decubitus film
An A-P chest radiograph of a newborn reveals an egg-shaped cardiac silhouette. This
would be consistent with
a. total anomalous pulmonary venous return
b. tetralogy of Fallot
c. transposition of the great vessels
d. ventricular septal defect - ANSWER-c. transposition of the great vessels
Wheezing is associated with all of the following EXCEPT
a. epiglottitis
b. hyaline membrane disease
c. asthma
d. bronchopulmonary dysplasia - ANSWER-a. epiglottitis
All of the following will cause the mediastinum to shift away from the pathology EXCEPT
a. diaphragmatic hernia
, b. atelectasis
c. pneumothorax
d. pleural effusion - ANSWER-b. atelectasis
A diaphragmatic apex below the 6th rib is consistent with
a. pleural effusion
b. under aeration
c. pneumothorax
d. diaphragmatic hernia - ANSWER-c. pneumothorax
A fiberoptic light is place on an infant's right chest. A lighted halo is seen around the
point of contact. The light is then placed on the infant's left chest and no light can be
seen. This would indicate that
a. the right hemidiaphragm is absent
b. there is a right pneumothorax
c. there is a pneumomediastinum present
d. the left hemodiaphragm is herniated - ANSWER-d. the left hemodiaphragm is
herniated
A pregnant mother reports that October 16th was the first day of her last menstrual
period. What is her baby's due date?
a. January 9
b. March 31
c. July 23
d. September 16 - ANSWER-c. July 23
Which of the following is not a cause of increased shunting?
a. pulmonary emboli
b. atelectasis
c. pulmonary edema
d. pneumonia - ANSWER-a. pulmonary emboli
The forced vital capacity of an 8-year-old child is significantly below the predicted
normal value. There is no change following administration of albuterol via MDI. This
would be most consistent with which of the following disorders?
a. asthma
b. bronchitis
c. cystic fibrosis
d. skeletal deformity - ANSWER-d. skeletal deformity
An Apgar Score of 4 indicates
a. a normal infant
b. no depression
c. moderate depression
d. severe depression - ANSWER-c. moderate depression
AND ANSWERS
Pre and post-ductal blood gas studies are performed to evaluate
a. right-to-left shunting
b. left-to-right shunting
c. neonatal jaundice
d. coarctation of aorta - ANSWER-a. right-to-left shunting
What is the most accurate site for monitoring body temperature in the newborn?
a. tympanic
b. rectal
c. skin
d. axillary - ANSWER-c. skin
When clubbing of the fingers or toes is present
a. the fingers or toes become enlarged due to acute hypoxia
b. loss of mobility occurs in the finger or toes due to hypercarbia
c. the angle of the nail bed is increased
d. polycythemia due to heart disease is also present - ANSWER-c. the angle of the nail
bed is increased
Which of the following conditions could cause acrocyanosis?
1. anemia, 2. polycythemia, 3. hypothermia, 4. hyperthermia
a. 1 and 3
b. 2 and 4
c. 1 and 4
d. 3 only - ANSWER-d. 3 only
Respiratory grunting is a sound heard at the end of
a. inspiration just before a rapid exhalation
b. expiration just before a rapid inspiration
c. inspiration just before a normal exhalation
d. expiration just before a normal inspiration - ANSWER-b. expiration just before a rapid
inspiration
Transillumination of the chest is recommended when the neonatal/pediatric specialist
suspects the presence of a
a. tension pneumothorax
b. tracheoesphageal fistula
c. myelomeningocele
d. pleural effusion - ANSWER-a. tension pneumothorax
,Poor femoral pulses may indicate a
a. patent ductus arteriosus
b. ventricular septal defect
c. coarctation of the aorta
d. hypoplastic left heart - ANSWER-c. coarctation of the aorta
Vibrations that are felt on the chest wall due to secretions are referred to as
a. vocal fremitus
b. rhonchi
c. rales
d. tactile fremitus - ANSWER-d. tactile fremitus
Optimum chest tube placement for an infant with a pneumothorax is in the
a. anterior chest
b. lateral chest
c. posterior chest
d. inferior chest - ANSWER-a. anterior chest
What is pulmonary interstitial emphysema?
a. air dessecting upward into the soft tissues of the neck
b. trapped collections of air in the acinus portion of the lung
c. air released into the tissues surrounding the bronchi
d. an airless section of the lung - ANSWER-c. air released into the tissues surrounding
the bronchi
A pleural effusion is best demonstrated by
a. two right-angle radiographs
b. PA and AP films
c. a lateral decubitus film
d. a lateral neck film - ANSWER-c. a lateral decubitus film
An A-P chest radiograph of a newborn reveals an egg-shaped cardiac silhouette. This
would be consistent with
a. total anomalous pulmonary venous return
b. tetralogy of Fallot
c. transposition of the great vessels
d. ventricular septal defect - ANSWER-c. transposition of the great vessels
Wheezing is associated with all of the following EXCEPT
a. epiglottitis
b. hyaline membrane disease
c. asthma
d. bronchopulmonary dysplasia - ANSWER-a. epiglottitis
All of the following will cause the mediastinum to shift away from the pathology EXCEPT
a. diaphragmatic hernia
, b. atelectasis
c. pneumothorax
d. pleural effusion - ANSWER-b. atelectasis
A diaphragmatic apex below the 6th rib is consistent with
a. pleural effusion
b. under aeration
c. pneumothorax
d. diaphragmatic hernia - ANSWER-c. pneumothorax
A fiberoptic light is place on an infant's right chest. A lighted halo is seen around the
point of contact. The light is then placed on the infant's left chest and no light can be
seen. This would indicate that
a. the right hemidiaphragm is absent
b. there is a right pneumothorax
c. there is a pneumomediastinum present
d. the left hemodiaphragm is herniated - ANSWER-d. the left hemodiaphragm is
herniated
A pregnant mother reports that October 16th was the first day of her last menstrual
period. What is her baby's due date?
a. January 9
b. March 31
c. July 23
d. September 16 - ANSWER-c. July 23
Which of the following is not a cause of increased shunting?
a. pulmonary emboli
b. atelectasis
c. pulmonary edema
d. pneumonia - ANSWER-a. pulmonary emboli
The forced vital capacity of an 8-year-old child is significantly below the predicted
normal value. There is no change following administration of albuterol via MDI. This
would be most consistent with which of the following disorders?
a. asthma
b. bronchitis
c. cystic fibrosis
d. skeletal deformity - ANSWER-d. skeletal deformity
An Apgar Score of 4 indicates
a. a normal infant
b. no depression
c. moderate depression
d. severe depression - ANSWER-c. moderate depression
