Bontrager Ch. 2 (chest) 2024 Test Questions And
Answers Verified 100% Correct
the diaphram is composed of ____ muscles which are called _____________ -
ANSWER- 2, right and left hemidiaphram
The four important structures of the mediastinum are : - ANSWER- (1) Thymus gland
(2) Heart and great blood vessels
(3) trachea
(4) esophagus
the double walled membrane enclosing the heart is called : - ANSWER- pericardial sac
The three parts of the aorta are : - ANSWER- (1) Ascending aorta
(2) arch of aorta
(3) descending aorta
gland that functions primarily during childhood and puberty - ANSWER- thymus gland
large vein that returns blood to the heart from the upper half of the body - ANSWER-
superior vena cava
large vein that returns blood from the lower half of the body - ANSWER- inferior vena
cava
Supply blood and return blood to and from all segments of the lungs - ANSWER-
pulmonary arteries and veins
Body type that has a broad and deep thorax from front to back but is shallow in vertical
dimension - ANSWER- hypersthenic (IR must be crosswise!)
Slender body type with a narrow thorax width and shallow from front to back but long in
vertical dimension - ANSWER- hypoasthenic (IR must be lenghtwise!)
How many ribs should be demonstrated above the diaphram on a PA radiograph of an
average adult on full inspiration - ANSWER- 10
Chest radiography for an adult patient should utilize a kVp between ___ and ___. -
ANSWER- 110 and 125
What would be used to immobilize and infant for the erect PA and lateral chest
, projections? - ANSWER- pigg-o-stat
What exposure factors should be used for a chest examination of a young pediatric
patient? - ANSWER- 70-85 kVp, short exposure time
To ensure better lung inspiration during chest radiography, exposure should be made
on the ______ inspiration. - ANSWER- second
What are the three reasons chest x-rays should be taken erect if possible? - ANSWER-
(1) The diaphram is able to move down farther
(2) Air/fluid levels in chest easily visualized
(3) Engorgement and hyperemia of pulmonary vessels may be prevented
How can you tell if there is rotation on a PA chest radiograph? How can you tell which
direction? - ANSWER- Both right and left sternal ends of the clavicles are the same
distance from the center line of the spine. You can tell which way the patient is rotated
by noting which sternal end is closest to the spine
How can you tell if there is rotation on a lateral chest radiograph? How can you tell
which direction? - ANSWER- The posterior ribs will be more than 1/4-1/2 inch apart. To
determine which direction look for gastric bubble in the stomach or the inferior border of
the heart shadow which are associated with the left hemidiaphram
Aspiration - ANSWER- (mechanical obstruction) occurs when foreign objects are
swallowed or aspirated into the air passages
Atelectasis - ANSWER- collapse of all or a portion of the lung
Bronchiectasis - ANSWER- irreversible dilation of the bronchi or bronchioles that is a
result of repeated pulmonary infection and obstruction
Bronchitis - ANSWER- acute (short term) or chronic (long term) condition in which
excessive mucus is secreted into the bronchi causing cough and shortness of breath
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) - ANSWER- persistent obstruction of
the airways that usually causes difficulty in emptying the lungs of air
Cystic fibrosis - ANSWER- Most commonly inherited disease; secretions of heavy
mucus cause progressive clogging of bronchi and bronchioles
Dyspnea - ANSWER- shortness of breath
Emphysema - ANSWER- chronic condition where alveoli become greatly enlarged as a
result of alveolar wall destruction and loss of elasticity
Answers Verified 100% Correct
the diaphram is composed of ____ muscles which are called _____________ -
ANSWER- 2, right and left hemidiaphram
The four important structures of the mediastinum are : - ANSWER- (1) Thymus gland
(2) Heart and great blood vessels
(3) trachea
(4) esophagus
the double walled membrane enclosing the heart is called : - ANSWER- pericardial sac
The three parts of the aorta are : - ANSWER- (1) Ascending aorta
(2) arch of aorta
(3) descending aorta
gland that functions primarily during childhood and puberty - ANSWER- thymus gland
large vein that returns blood to the heart from the upper half of the body - ANSWER-
superior vena cava
large vein that returns blood from the lower half of the body - ANSWER- inferior vena
cava
Supply blood and return blood to and from all segments of the lungs - ANSWER-
pulmonary arteries and veins
Body type that has a broad and deep thorax from front to back but is shallow in vertical
dimension - ANSWER- hypersthenic (IR must be crosswise!)
Slender body type with a narrow thorax width and shallow from front to back but long in
vertical dimension - ANSWER- hypoasthenic (IR must be lenghtwise!)
How many ribs should be demonstrated above the diaphram on a PA radiograph of an
average adult on full inspiration - ANSWER- 10
Chest radiography for an adult patient should utilize a kVp between ___ and ___. -
ANSWER- 110 and 125
What would be used to immobilize and infant for the erect PA and lateral chest
, projections? - ANSWER- pigg-o-stat
What exposure factors should be used for a chest examination of a young pediatric
patient? - ANSWER- 70-85 kVp, short exposure time
To ensure better lung inspiration during chest radiography, exposure should be made
on the ______ inspiration. - ANSWER- second
What are the three reasons chest x-rays should be taken erect if possible? - ANSWER-
(1) The diaphram is able to move down farther
(2) Air/fluid levels in chest easily visualized
(3) Engorgement and hyperemia of pulmonary vessels may be prevented
How can you tell if there is rotation on a PA chest radiograph? How can you tell which
direction? - ANSWER- Both right and left sternal ends of the clavicles are the same
distance from the center line of the spine. You can tell which way the patient is rotated
by noting which sternal end is closest to the spine
How can you tell if there is rotation on a lateral chest radiograph? How can you tell
which direction? - ANSWER- The posterior ribs will be more than 1/4-1/2 inch apart. To
determine which direction look for gastric bubble in the stomach or the inferior border of
the heart shadow which are associated with the left hemidiaphram
Aspiration - ANSWER- (mechanical obstruction) occurs when foreign objects are
swallowed or aspirated into the air passages
Atelectasis - ANSWER- collapse of all or a portion of the lung
Bronchiectasis - ANSWER- irreversible dilation of the bronchi or bronchioles that is a
result of repeated pulmonary infection and obstruction
Bronchitis - ANSWER- acute (short term) or chronic (long term) condition in which
excessive mucus is secreted into the bronchi causing cough and shortness of breath
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) - ANSWER- persistent obstruction of
the airways that usually causes difficulty in emptying the lungs of air
Cystic fibrosis - ANSWER- Most commonly inherited disease; secretions of heavy
mucus cause progressive clogging of bronchi and bronchioles
Dyspnea - ANSWER- shortness of breath
Emphysema - ANSWER- chronic condition where alveoli become greatly enlarged as a
result of alveolar wall destruction and loss of elasticity
