Fundamentals of Nursing
1. Which is the first step of the nursing process?
A. Planning
B. Assessment
C. Implementation
D. Evaluation
o Answer: B. Assessment
o Rationale: The nursing process begins with
assessment to collect comprehensive data about
the patient's health status. (Quizlet)
2. Which action best prevents the spread of
infection?
A. Wearing sterile gloves for oral intake
B. Performing hand hygiene before and after patient
contact
C. Changing bed linens every 24 hours
D. Using an alcohol-based wipe on the bedside table
o Answer: B. Performing hand hygiene before and
after patient contact
o Rationale: Hand hygiene is the single most
effective measure to reduce transmission of
pathogens in healthcare settings. (Nurseslabs)
3. When measuring blood pressure, the nurse
should inflate the cuff to what level above the
palpated systolic pressure?
, A. 10 mmHg
B. 20 mmHg
C. 30 mmHg
D. 40 mmHg
o Answer: B. 20 mmHg
o Rationale: Inflating the cuff 20 mmHg above the
palpated systolic pressure ensures accurate
auscultatory measurement. (NurseTogether)
4. Which of the following is a primary nursing
function?
A. Performing diagnostic tests
B. Educating patients about disease management
C. Ordering laboratory examinations
D. Prescribing medications
o Answer: B. Educating patients about disease
management
o Rationale: Patient education falls within nursing
scope, empowering self-care and compliance.
(Testbook)
5. A nurse uses SBAR when communicating with a
physician. What does the “A” stand for?
A. Assessment
B. Actions taken
C. Analysis
D. Arrangement
o Answer: A. Assessment
, o Rationale: SBAR communication includes
Situation, Background, Assessment, and
Recommendation to standardize handoffs.
(Nurseslabs)
6. Which isolation precaution is used for a patient
with tuberculosis?
A. Contact
B. Droplet
C. Airborne
D. Standard
o Answer: C. Airborne
o Rationale: Airborne precautions (e.g., N95
mask) are required to prevent inhalation of
droplet nuclei. (Nurseslabs)
7. What is the normal adult respiratory rate?
A. 8–12 breaths/min
B. 12–20 breaths/min
C. 20–28 breaths/min
D. 28–36 breaths/min
o Answer: B. 12–20 breaths/min
o Rationale: Adults normally breathe 12–20 times
per minute at rest. (NurseTogether)
8. A nurse notes that a client’s skin turgor remains
“tented” when pinched. This finding indicates:
A. Normal hydration
B. Dehydration
1. Which is the first step of the nursing process?
A. Planning
B. Assessment
C. Implementation
D. Evaluation
o Answer: B. Assessment
o Rationale: The nursing process begins with
assessment to collect comprehensive data about
the patient's health status. (Quizlet)
2. Which action best prevents the spread of
infection?
A. Wearing sterile gloves for oral intake
B. Performing hand hygiene before and after patient
contact
C. Changing bed linens every 24 hours
D. Using an alcohol-based wipe on the bedside table
o Answer: B. Performing hand hygiene before and
after patient contact
o Rationale: Hand hygiene is the single most
effective measure to reduce transmission of
pathogens in healthcare settings. (Nurseslabs)
3. When measuring blood pressure, the nurse
should inflate the cuff to what level above the
palpated systolic pressure?
, A. 10 mmHg
B. 20 mmHg
C. 30 mmHg
D. 40 mmHg
o Answer: B. 20 mmHg
o Rationale: Inflating the cuff 20 mmHg above the
palpated systolic pressure ensures accurate
auscultatory measurement. (NurseTogether)
4. Which of the following is a primary nursing
function?
A. Performing diagnostic tests
B. Educating patients about disease management
C. Ordering laboratory examinations
D. Prescribing medications
o Answer: B. Educating patients about disease
management
o Rationale: Patient education falls within nursing
scope, empowering self-care and compliance.
(Testbook)
5. A nurse uses SBAR when communicating with a
physician. What does the “A” stand for?
A. Assessment
B. Actions taken
C. Analysis
D. Arrangement
o Answer: A. Assessment
, o Rationale: SBAR communication includes
Situation, Background, Assessment, and
Recommendation to standardize handoffs.
(Nurseslabs)
6. Which isolation precaution is used for a patient
with tuberculosis?
A. Contact
B. Droplet
C. Airborne
D. Standard
o Answer: C. Airborne
o Rationale: Airborne precautions (e.g., N95
mask) are required to prevent inhalation of
droplet nuclei. (Nurseslabs)
7. What is the normal adult respiratory rate?
A. 8–12 breaths/min
B. 12–20 breaths/min
C. 20–28 breaths/min
D. 28–36 breaths/min
o Answer: B. 12–20 breaths/min
o Rationale: Adults normally breathe 12–20 times
per minute at rest. (NurseTogether)
8. A nurse notes that a client’s skin turgor remains
“tented” when pinched. This finding indicates:
A. Normal hydration
B. Dehydration
