MS-REVIEWER PNLE (RNPEDIA) 70
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
2025 EXAM WWITH RATIONALES
GRADED A+
Nurse Emma is caring for Ms. Torres, who is scheduled for a
colonoscopy and has been prescribed polyethylene glycol-
electrolyte solution (GoLYTELY). After administration, the client
reports experiencing diarrhea. What is the most appropriate
action for Nurse Emma to take?
A. Initiate an IV infusion for fluid replacement.
B. Administer an enema to assist in bowel preparation.
C. Notify the provider to cancel the procedure.
D. Reassure the client that diarrhea is a normal response. -
ANSWER- D. Reassure the client that diarrhea is a normal
response.
,Rationale: Reassure the client that diarrhea is a normal
response. Polyethylene glycol-electrolyte solution
(GoLYTELY) is a bowel preparation medication commonly
used prior to a colonoscopy. Its primary function is to induce
diarrhea to clear the colon of stool, ensuring optimal
visualization during the procedure. Diarrhea is an expected
and intended effect of this medication, not a complication.
Nurse Emma should reassure Ms. Torres that diarrhea is a
normal response and indicates that the medication is
working as intended.
This reassurance helps alleviate the client's concerns and
reinforces the purpose of the preparation process. Nurse
Emma should also ensure the client understands the
importance of completing the entire dose of the solution as
prescribed to achieve adequate bowel cleansing.
Nurse Karen is reviewing the medication record of Ms. Wilson, a
client with acute gastritis. While checking the medications, Nurse
Karen identifies one that could exacerbate the condition and plans
to clarify its use. Which medication should Nurse Karen question?
A. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
B. Propranolol hydrochloride (Inderal)
C. Furosemide (Lasix)
D. Indomethacin (Indocin) - ANSWER- D. Indomethacin (Indocin)
Student Nurse Mia is developing a teaching care plan for a patient
with achalasia to help improve nutrition and manage symptoms
during meals. Which recommendation should be included in the
care plan?
,A. Consume meals while sitting upright.
B. Lean forward while swallowing foods.
C. Eliminate soft and semi-soft foods from the diet.
D. Refrain from drinking fluids during meals. - ANSWER- A.
Consume meals while sitting upright.
Rationale: onsume meals while sitting upright. For patients
with achalasia, eating while sitting upright is crucial because
it takes advantage of gravity to help food pass through the
esophagus and into the stomach more easily. Achalasia is
characterized by impaired peristalsis and failure of the lower
esophageal sphincter (LES) to relax, which can lead to
dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), regurgitation, and weight
loss. Sitting upright during meals reduces the risk of food
retention in the esophagus, minimizes regurgitation, and
facilitates the movement of food through the esophagus.
Nurse Rachel is monitoring Ms. Lawson, a female client
diagnosed with a peptic ulcer. During the assessment, she
remains vigilant for signs of a serious complication like
perforation. Which finding would most likely suggest the ulcer has
perforated?
A. A rigid, board-like abdomen.
B. Bradycardia.
C. Nausea and vomiting.
D. Numbness in the legs. - ANSWER- A. A rigid, board-like
abdomen.
, A rigid, board-like abdomen. A rigid, board-like abdomen is a
classic sign of perforation, a serious and potentially life-
threatening complication of a peptic ulcer. When a peptic
ulcer perforates, gastric or duodenal contents (including
acid, bile, and partially digested food) spill into the peritoneal
cavity, causing chemical peritonitis and inflammation. This
leads to severe abdominal pain and muscle rigidity, often
described as "board-like," as the body attempts to guard the
inflamed area.
Nurse Julia is discussing an upcoming vagotomy with Mr.
Andrews, a male client diagnosed with a peptic ulcer. When he
asks about the purpose of the procedure, how should Nurse Julia
respond?
A. It reduces the signals that stimulate acid production.
B. It lowers the stomach's ability to absorb food.
C. It stops the body's stress responses.
D. It promotes healing of the stomach lining. - ANSWER- A. It
reduces the signals that stimulate acid production.
It reduces the signals that stimulate acid production. A
vagotomy is a surgical procedure that involves cutting
branches of the vagus nerve to reduce acid secretion in the
stomach. The vagus nerve normally stimulates the release of
gastric acid by signaling the stomach to produce digestive
juices. In clients with peptic ulcers, excessive acid can erode
the stomach lining, delaying healing and increasing the risk
of complications such as perforation or bleeding. By
reducing the vagus nerve's stimulation, the procedure
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
2025 EXAM WWITH RATIONALES
GRADED A+
Nurse Emma is caring for Ms. Torres, who is scheduled for a
colonoscopy and has been prescribed polyethylene glycol-
electrolyte solution (GoLYTELY). After administration, the client
reports experiencing diarrhea. What is the most appropriate
action for Nurse Emma to take?
A. Initiate an IV infusion for fluid replacement.
B. Administer an enema to assist in bowel preparation.
C. Notify the provider to cancel the procedure.
D. Reassure the client that diarrhea is a normal response. -
ANSWER- D. Reassure the client that diarrhea is a normal
response.
,Rationale: Reassure the client that diarrhea is a normal
response. Polyethylene glycol-electrolyte solution
(GoLYTELY) is a bowel preparation medication commonly
used prior to a colonoscopy. Its primary function is to induce
diarrhea to clear the colon of stool, ensuring optimal
visualization during the procedure. Diarrhea is an expected
and intended effect of this medication, not a complication.
Nurse Emma should reassure Ms. Torres that diarrhea is a
normal response and indicates that the medication is
working as intended.
This reassurance helps alleviate the client's concerns and
reinforces the purpose of the preparation process. Nurse
Emma should also ensure the client understands the
importance of completing the entire dose of the solution as
prescribed to achieve adequate bowel cleansing.
Nurse Karen is reviewing the medication record of Ms. Wilson, a
client with acute gastritis. While checking the medications, Nurse
Karen identifies one that could exacerbate the condition and plans
to clarify its use. Which medication should Nurse Karen question?
A. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
B. Propranolol hydrochloride (Inderal)
C. Furosemide (Lasix)
D. Indomethacin (Indocin) - ANSWER- D. Indomethacin (Indocin)
Student Nurse Mia is developing a teaching care plan for a patient
with achalasia to help improve nutrition and manage symptoms
during meals. Which recommendation should be included in the
care plan?
,A. Consume meals while sitting upright.
B. Lean forward while swallowing foods.
C. Eliminate soft and semi-soft foods from the diet.
D. Refrain from drinking fluids during meals. - ANSWER- A.
Consume meals while sitting upright.
Rationale: onsume meals while sitting upright. For patients
with achalasia, eating while sitting upright is crucial because
it takes advantage of gravity to help food pass through the
esophagus and into the stomach more easily. Achalasia is
characterized by impaired peristalsis and failure of the lower
esophageal sphincter (LES) to relax, which can lead to
dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), regurgitation, and weight
loss. Sitting upright during meals reduces the risk of food
retention in the esophagus, minimizes regurgitation, and
facilitates the movement of food through the esophagus.
Nurse Rachel is monitoring Ms. Lawson, a female client
diagnosed with a peptic ulcer. During the assessment, she
remains vigilant for signs of a serious complication like
perforation. Which finding would most likely suggest the ulcer has
perforated?
A. A rigid, board-like abdomen.
B. Bradycardia.
C. Nausea and vomiting.
D. Numbness in the legs. - ANSWER- A. A rigid, board-like
abdomen.
, A rigid, board-like abdomen. A rigid, board-like abdomen is a
classic sign of perforation, a serious and potentially life-
threatening complication of a peptic ulcer. When a peptic
ulcer perforates, gastric or duodenal contents (including
acid, bile, and partially digested food) spill into the peritoneal
cavity, causing chemical peritonitis and inflammation. This
leads to severe abdominal pain and muscle rigidity, often
described as "board-like," as the body attempts to guard the
inflamed area.
Nurse Julia is discussing an upcoming vagotomy with Mr.
Andrews, a male client diagnosed with a peptic ulcer. When he
asks about the purpose of the procedure, how should Nurse Julia
respond?
A. It reduces the signals that stimulate acid production.
B. It lowers the stomach's ability to absorb food.
C. It stops the body's stress responses.
D. It promotes healing of the stomach lining. - ANSWER- A. It
reduces the signals that stimulate acid production.
It reduces the signals that stimulate acid production. A
vagotomy is a surgical procedure that involves cutting
branches of the vagus nerve to reduce acid secretion in the
stomach. The vagus nerve normally stimulates the release of
gastric acid by signaling the stomach to produce digestive
juices. In clients with peptic ulcers, excessive acid can erode
the stomach lining, delaying healing and increasing the risk
of complications such as perforation or bleeding. By
reducing the vagus nerve's stimulation, the procedure
