CEN PRACTICE QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Which |of |the |following |infection |control |measures |is |indicated |in |the |patient |with |an |active |
methicillin |resistant |staphylococcus |aureus |wound |infection?
A. |Droplet |precautions
B. |Contact |preacutions
C. |Protective |isolation
D. |Airborne |precautions |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-B. |Contact |precautions
Rationale: |CDC |recommends |contact |precautions |for |patients |with |active |MRSA |infection.
A |patient |with |a |hand |wound |caused |by |a |high-pressure |paint |gun |is |awaiting |surgical |wound |
exploration. |Preoperatively, |the |emergency |nurse |will |monitor |the |patient |for |the |development |of |
A. |Lactic |acidosis
B. |Compartment |syndrome
C. |Tetanus |infection
D. |Muscle |contracture |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-B. |Compartment |syndrome
Rationale: |High-pressure |injection |injuries |occur |when |a |device |(e.g., |a |paint |or |grease |gun) |injects |
the |foreign |substance |into |a |body. |This |injury |most |commonly |occurs |to |the |dominant |hand |or |index |
finger |of |the |injection |gun |operator. |Emergency |care |includes |splinting |the |injury, |obtaining |
radiographs, |administering |parenteral |analgesics |and |broad-spectrum |ABX, |ensuring |appropriate |
tetanus |prophylaxis, |and |elevating |the |injury. |High-pressure |injection |injuries |are |a |surgical |
emergency |requiring |thorough |cleansing |and |immediate |decompression |to |prevent |compartment |
syndrome |and |tissue |necrosis. |Hydrocarbon-based |substances |(e.g., |fuel, |paint |thinners, |organic |
solvents) |cause |the |most |severe |inflammatory |response |and |are |associated |with |the |highest |incidence
|of |subsequence |amputations.
, Which |of |the |following |findings |in |a |20-yr-old |burn |patient |indicates |the |need |for |burn |center |
referral?
A. |8% |partial |thickness |burns |to |the |anterior |chest
B. |Partial |thickness |burns |on |the |anterior |right |thigh
C. |2% |Full-thickness |burns |in |the |left |knee |area
D. |Superficial |circumferential |burns |of |the |forearms |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-C. |2% |Full |thickness |
burns |in |the |left |knee |area
Rationale: |According |to |the |American |Burn |Association, |patients |with |burns |that |overlay |major |joints |
should |be |referred |to |a |burn |center.
A |5-year-old |presents |with |dilated |pupils, |tachycardia, |hot |flushed |skin, |agitation, |diminished |bowel |
sounds, |urinary |retention, |and |hallucinations |after |ingesting |several |tiotropium |(Spiriva) |inhalation |
powder |capsules. |These |findings |suggest
A. |Neurogenic |shock
B. |Diabetic |ketoacidosis
C. |Anticholinergic |crisis
D. |Beta-blocker |overdose |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-C. |Anticholinergic |crisis
Rationale: |Symptoms |of |anticholinergic |exposure |can |be |recalled |using |the |mnemonic |"red |as |a |beet, |
dry |as |a |bone, |blind |as |a |bat, |mad |as |a |hatter, |and |hotter |than |Hades." |Treatment |is |largely |
symptomatic |and |supportive.
After |spraying |pesticides |all |day, |a |farmhand |walks |into |the |ED |complaining |of |diaphoresis, |productive
|cough, |nausea, |vomiting, |and |diarrhea. |The |priority |intervention |is
A. |Intravenous |cannulation
B. |O2 |Supplementation
C. |Antidote |administration
D. |Skin |decontamination |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-D. |Skin |decontamination
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Which |of |the |following |infection |control |measures |is |indicated |in |the |patient |with |an |active |
methicillin |resistant |staphylococcus |aureus |wound |infection?
A. |Droplet |precautions
B. |Contact |preacutions
C. |Protective |isolation
D. |Airborne |precautions |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-B. |Contact |precautions
Rationale: |CDC |recommends |contact |precautions |for |patients |with |active |MRSA |infection.
A |patient |with |a |hand |wound |caused |by |a |high-pressure |paint |gun |is |awaiting |surgical |wound |
exploration. |Preoperatively, |the |emergency |nurse |will |monitor |the |patient |for |the |development |of |
A. |Lactic |acidosis
B. |Compartment |syndrome
C. |Tetanus |infection
D. |Muscle |contracture |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-B. |Compartment |syndrome
Rationale: |High-pressure |injection |injuries |occur |when |a |device |(e.g., |a |paint |or |grease |gun) |injects |
the |foreign |substance |into |a |body. |This |injury |most |commonly |occurs |to |the |dominant |hand |or |index |
finger |of |the |injection |gun |operator. |Emergency |care |includes |splinting |the |injury, |obtaining |
radiographs, |administering |parenteral |analgesics |and |broad-spectrum |ABX, |ensuring |appropriate |
tetanus |prophylaxis, |and |elevating |the |injury. |High-pressure |injection |injuries |are |a |surgical |
emergency |requiring |thorough |cleansing |and |immediate |decompression |to |prevent |compartment |
syndrome |and |tissue |necrosis. |Hydrocarbon-based |substances |(e.g., |fuel, |paint |thinners, |organic |
solvents) |cause |the |most |severe |inflammatory |response |and |are |associated |with |the |highest |incidence
|of |subsequence |amputations.
, Which |of |the |following |findings |in |a |20-yr-old |burn |patient |indicates |the |need |for |burn |center |
referral?
A. |8% |partial |thickness |burns |to |the |anterior |chest
B. |Partial |thickness |burns |on |the |anterior |right |thigh
C. |2% |Full-thickness |burns |in |the |left |knee |area
D. |Superficial |circumferential |burns |of |the |forearms |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-C. |2% |Full |thickness |
burns |in |the |left |knee |area
Rationale: |According |to |the |American |Burn |Association, |patients |with |burns |that |overlay |major |joints |
should |be |referred |to |a |burn |center.
A |5-year-old |presents |with |dilated |pupils, |tachycardia, |hot |flushed |skin, |agitation, |diminished |bowel |
sounds, |urinary |retention, |and |hallucinations |after |ingesting |several |tiotropium |(Spiriva) |inhalation |
powder |capsules. |These |findings |suggest
A. |Neurogenic |shock
B. |Diabetic |ketoacidosis
C. |Anticholinergic |crisis
D. |Beta-blocker |overdose |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-C. |Anticholinergic |crisis
Rationale: |Symptoms |of |anticholinergic |exposure |can |be |recalled |using |the |mnemonic |"red |as |a |beet, |
dry |as |a |bone, |blind |as |a |bat, |mad |as |a |hatter, |and |hotter |than |Hades." |Treatment |is |largely |
symptomatic |and |supportive.
After |spraying |pesticides |all |day, |a |farmhand |walks |into |the |ED |complaining |of |diaphoresis, |productive
|cough, |nausea, |vomiting, |and |diarrhea. |The |priority |intervention |is
A. |Intravenous |cannulation
B. |O2 |Supplementation
C. |Antidote |administration
D. |Skin |decontamination |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-D. |Skin |decontamination
