BESTLEC
Test Bank
Immunology and Serology in Laboratory Medicine, 7th Edition.
by Mary Louise Turgeon
Chapter 1-27. Verified Answers
C
LE
ST
BE
1
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Chapter 01: Highlights of the Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The ―father of immunology is generally considered to be
a. Koch.
b. Pasteur.
c. Gram.
d. Salk.
Answer: B
Louis Pasteur is generally considered to be the ―father of immunology.
DIF: Cognitive Level: I
C
2. An early form of immunization was practiced by the
a. Romans.
b. Greeks.
LE
c. Chinese.
ST
d. Native Americans.
Answer: C
Beginning about 1000 AD, the Chinese practiced a form of immunization by inhaling dried
BE
powders derived from the crusts of smallpox lesions.
DIF: Cognitive Level: I
3. A specific function of the immune system is to
a. recognize self from nonself.
b. defend the body against nonself.
c. amplify specific functions.
d. Both A and B.
Answer: D
The function of the immune system is to recognize self from nonself and defend the body against
nonself. Such a system is necessary for survival. The immune system also has nonspecific
effector mechanisms that usually amplify the specific functions. Nonspecific components of the
2
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immune system include mononuclear phagocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and soluble
factors (e.g., complement).
DIF: Cognitive Level: I
4. An undesirable consequence of immunity is
a. natural resistance.
b. acquired resistance to infectious diseases.
c. an autoimmune disorder.
d. recovery from infectious disease.
Answer: C
The desirable consequences of immunity include natural resistance, recovery, and acquired
resistance to infectious diseases. A deficiency or dysfunction of the immune system can cause
C
many disorders. Undesirable consequences of immunity include allergy, rejection of a
transplanted organ, or an autoimmune disorder.LE
DIF: Cognitive Level: I
5. The immune system has various distinctive characteristics except;
ST
a. specificity.
b. memory.
c. mobility.
BE
d. noncooperation among different cells.
Answer: D
The immune system is composed of a large, complex set of widely distributed elements, with the
distinctive characteristics of specificity, memory, mobility, replicability, and cooperation among
different cells or cellular products. Specificity and memory are characteristics of lymphocytes in
the immune system. Nonspecific elements of the immune system demonstrate mobility. In
addition, specific and nonspecific cellular components of the immune system can replicate.
Cooperation is required for optimal functioning, and interaction involves specific cellular
elements, cell products, and nonlymphoid elements.
DIF: Cognitive Level: I
6. Hematopoiesis occurs in the yolk sac during the
a. immediate hours after conception
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b. second month of gestation.
c. second trimester of gestation.
d. periods of severe anemia in children.
Answer: A
The sites of blood cell development, or hematopoiesis, follow a definite sequence in the embryo
and fetus. Hematopoiesis occurs in the yolk sac during the second month of gestation.
DIF: Cognitive Level: II
7. The sequence of blood cell development in the embryo and fetus is
a. yolk sac, liver-spleen, bone marrow.
b. yolk sac, bone marrow, liver/spleen.
C
c. liver-spleen, yolk sac, bone marrow.
d. bone marrow, liver-spleen, yolk sac. LE
Answer: A
ST
The first blood cells are primitive red blood cells (erythroblasts; RBCs) formed in the islets of
the yolk sac during the first 2 to 8 weeks of life. Gradually, the liver and spleen replace the yolk
sac as the sites of blood cell development. By the second month of gestation, the liver becomes
the major site of hematopoiesis, and granular types of leukocytes have made their initial
BE
appearance. The liver and spleen predominate from about 2 to 5 months of fetal life. In the fourth
month of gestation, bone marrow begins to produce blood cells. After the fifth fetal month, bone
marrow begins to assume its ultimate role as the primary site of hematopoiesis.
DIF: Cognitive Level: II
8. The primary function of mature neutrophils is
a. to reduce inflammation.
b. to lyse parasites in the circulatory system.
c. antigen recognition.
d. phagocytosis.
Answer: D
Various phagocytic cells continually circulate throughout the blood, lymph, gastrointestinal
system, and respiratory tract. When trauma occurs, the neutrophils arrive at the site of injury and
4
Test Bank
Immunology and Serology in Laboratory Medicine, 7th Edition.
by Mary Louise Turgeon
Chapter 1-27. Verified Answers
C
LE
ST
BE
1
, BESTLEC
Chapter 01: Highlights of the Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The ―father of immunology is generally considered to be
a. Koch.
b. Pasteur.
c. Gram.
d. Salk.
Answer: B
Louis Pasteur is generally considered to be the ―father of immunology.
DIF: Cognitive Level: I
C
2. An early form of immunization was practiced by the
a. Romans.
b. Greeks.
LE
c. Chinese.
ST
d. Native Americans.
Answer: C
Beginning about 1000 AD, the Chinese practiced a form of immunization by inhaling dried
BE
powders derived from the crusts of smallpox lesions.
DIF: Cognitive Level: I
3. A specific function of the immune system is to
a. recognize self from nonself.
b. defend the body against nonself.
c. amplify specific functions.
d. Both A and B.
Answer: D
The function of the immune system is to recognize self from nonself and defend the body against
nonself. Such a system is necessary for survival. The immune system also has nonspecific
effector mechanisms that usually amplify the specific functions. Nonspecific components of the
2
, BESTLEC
immune system include mononuclear phagocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and soluble
factors (e.g., complement).
DIF: Cognitive Level: I
4. An undesirable consequence of immunity is
a. natural resistance.
b. acquired resistance to infectious diseases.
c. an autoimmune disorder.
d. recovery from infectious disease.
Answer: C
The desirable consequences of immunity include natural resistance, recovery, and acquired
resistance to infectious diseases. A deficiency or dysfunction of the immune system can cause
C
many disorders. Undesirable consequences of immunity include allergy, rejection of a
transplanted organ, or an autoimmune disorder.LE
DIF: Cognitive Level: I
5. The immune system has various distinctive characteristics except;
ST
a. specificity.
b. memory.
c. mobility.
BE
d. noncooperation among different cells.
Answer: D
The immune system is composed of a large, complex set of widely distributed elements, with the
distinctive characteristics of specificity, memory, mobility, replicability, and cooperation among
different cells or cellular products. Specificity and memory are characteristics of lymphocytes in
the immune system. Nonspecific elements of the immune system demonstrate mobility. In
addition, specific and nonspecific cellular components of the immune system can replicate.
Cooperation is required for optimal functioning, and interaction involves specific cellular
elements, cell products, and nonlymphoid elements.
DIF: Cognitive Level: I
6. Hematopoiesis occurs in the yolk sac during the
a. immediate hours after conception
3
, BESTLEC
b. second month of gestation.
c. second trimester of gestation.
d. periods of severe anemia in children.
Answer: A
The sites of blood cell development, or hematopoiesis, follow a definite sequence in the embryo
and fetus. Hematopoiesis occurs in the yolk sac during the second month of gestation.
DIF: Cognitive Level: II
7. The sequence of blood cell development in the embryo and fetus is
a. yolk sac, liver-spleen, bone marrow.
b. yolk sac, bone marrow, liver/spleen.
C
c. liver-spleen, yolk sac, bone marrow.
d. bone marrow, liver-spleen, yolk sac. LE
Answer: A
ST
The first blood cells are primitive red blood cells (erythroblasts; RBCs) formed in the islets of
the yolk sac during the first 2 to 8 weeks of life. Gradually, the liver and spleen replace the yolk
sac as the sites of blood cell development. By the second month of gestation, the liver becomes
the major site of hematopoiesis, and granular types of leukocytes have made their initial
BE
appearance. The liver and spleen predominate from about 2 to 5 months of fetal life. In the fourth
month of gestation, bone marrow begins to produce blood cells. After the fifth fetal month, bone
marrow begins to assume its ultimate role as the primary site of hematopoiesis.
DIF: Cognitive Level: II
8. The primary function of mature neutrophils is
a. to reduce inflammation.
b. to lyse parasites in the circulatory system.
c. antigen recognition.
d. phagocytosis.
Answer: D
Various phagocytic cells continually circulate throughout the blood, lymph, gastrointestinal
system, and respiratory tract. When trauma occurs, the neutrophils arrive at the site of injury and
4
