Digital Image Processing Exam #1
(Answered) 2025/2026. 100% Verified.
164Q&A.
When did digital image processing begin?
1960s
When did Landsat-1 launch?
1972
What are the requirements for digital image processing?
Image acquisition, a computer, storage, and software for processing
What is the image processing flow?
1. Data ingest
2. Image assessment and statistics
3. Restoration and preprocessing
4. Enhancements
5. Feature extraction
6. Image classification or quantification
7. Map or derivative image output
8. Validation and accuracy assessment
What are the advantages of digital processing?
1. Ability to quantify brightness levels
2. Greater standardization
3. Can achieve greater efficiency
4. Restore image fidelity
5. Enhance earth surface features for improved interpretability
What are the disadvantages of digital processing?
1. Lower interpretation accuracy
2. Cost
3. More sophisticated equipment and training requirements
What is the difference between active and passive remote sensing?
You create energy and send it out with active remote sensing, whereas passive remote sensing is
receiving energy like sunlight or thermal energy
What are the four types of remote sensing resolution?
1. Spatial
2. Temporal
, 3. Spectral
4. Radiometric
What is spatial resolution?
The level of detail or clarity of an image, determined by the size of the individual pixels. Satellite
images with a smaller pixel size have higher spatial resolution
What is a pixel?
Abbreviation of 'picture element.' A pixel is the smallest 2D unit of an image. Its location is x
(column) and y (row)
What is a BV?
Brightness value of a pixel. Refers to the intensity of light or electromagnetic radiation reflected or
emitted from the corresponding location on the Earth's surface. It is often measured on a scale from
0 to 255. Also known as the DN, or digital number
What is spectral resolution?
The ability of a sensor to distinguish between different wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation.
Sensors with higher spectral resolution can distinguish between more narrow bands of wavelengths,
allowing for more detailed analysis of the composition and properties of the observed targets.
Quantifies the number and dimension of the EMR wavelength regions to which the sensor is
sensitive
What are bands?
Digital sensors store the visible and non-visible electromagnetic spectrum in different bands. Sensors
can pick up on more than red, green, and blue light (such as near-infrared)
What is the difference between broad and hyperspectral bands?
Broad bands (such as bands 1-4) have longer wavelengths than hyperspectral bands that are more
narrow and data intensive
What is the difference between broadband sensors and multispectral sensors?
Multispectral or hyperspectral sensors can capture information across several bands or even narrow
spectral channels, providing detailed spectral signatures for different materials. On the other hand,
broadband sensors capture less narrow bands
What is EMR?
Electromagnetic radiation refers to energy propagated through electromagnetic waves. The
perceived color of an object is the result of the wavelengths not absorbed, but instead reflected
What is temporal resolution?
How frequently data is collected over a specific area. It indicates the time interval between
successive observations of the same location
What is radiometric resolution?
The sensitivity of a sensor to detect variations in the intensity of electromagnetic radiation. It
quantifies the number of discrete levels of brightness or reflectance that a sensor can distinguish. A
(Answered) 2025/2026. 100% Verified.
164Q&A.
When did digital image processing begin?
1960s
When did Landsat-1 launch?
1972
What are the requirements for digital image processing?
Image acquisition, a computer, storage, and software for processing
What is the image processing flow?
1. Data ingest
2. Image assessment and statistics
3. Restoration and preprocessing
4. Enhancements
5. Feature extraction
6. Image classification or quantification
7. Map or derivative image output
8. Validation and accuracy assessment
What are the advantages of digital processing?
1. Ability to quantify brightness levels
2. Greater standardization
3. Can achieve greater efficiency
4. Restore image fidelity
5. Enhance earth surface features for improved interpretability
What are the disadvantages of digital processing?
1. Lower interpretation accuracy
2. Cost
3. More sophisticated equipment and training requirements
What is the difference between active and passive remote sensing?
You create energy and send it out with active remote sensing, whereas passive remote sensing is
receiving energy like sunlight or thermal energy
What are the four types of remote sensing resolution?
1. Spatial
2. Temporal
, 3. Spectral
4. Radiometric
What is spatial resolution?
The level of detail or clarity of an image, determined by the size of the individual pixels. Satellite
images with a smaller pixel size have higher spatial resolution
What is a pixel?
Abbreviation of 'picture element.' A pixel is the smallest 2D unit of an image. Its location is x
(column) and y (row)
What is a BV?
Brightness value of a pixel. Refers to the intensity of light or electromagnetic radiation reflected or
emitted from the corresponding location on the Earth's surface. It is often measured on a scale from
0 to 255. Also known as the DN, or digital number
What is spectral resolution?
The ability of a sensor to distinguish between different wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation.
Sensors with higher spectral resolution can distinguish between more narrow bands of wavelengths,
allowing for more detailed analysis of the composition and properties of the observed targets.
Quantifies the number and dimension of the EMR wavelength regions to which the sensor is
sensitive
What are bands?
Digital sensors store the visible and non-visible electromagnetic spectrum in different bands. Sensors
can pick up on more than red, green, and blue light (such as near-infrared)
What is the difference between broad and hyperspectral bands?
Broad bands (such as bands 1-4) have longer wavelengths than hyperspectral bands that are more
narrow and data intensive
What is the difference between broadband sensors and multispectral sensors?
Multispectral or hyperspectral sensors can capture information across several bands or even narrow
spectral channels, providing detailed spectral signatures for different materials. On the other hand,
broadband sensors capture less narrow bands
What is EMR?
Electromagnetic radiation refers to energy propagated through electromagnetic waves. The
perceived color of an object is the result of the wavelengths not absorbed, but instead reflected
What is temporal resolution?
How frequently data is collected over a specific area. It indicates the time interval between
successive observations of the same location
What is radiometric resolution?
The sensitivity of a sensor to detect variations in the intensity of electromagnetic radiation. It
quantifies the number of discrete levels of brightness or reflectance that a sensor can distinguish. A
