NURS 676 Advanced Pharmacology Midterm Exam
Question And Answers With Complete Answers
Lispro - Answer-Class: Rapid acting insulin for hyperglycemia
MOA: Onset 5 minutes; peaks 5 minutes; duration 4-5 hours
/.Aspart - Answer-Class: Rapid acting insulin for hyperglycemia
MOA: Onset 5 minutes; peaks 5 minutes; duration 4-5 hours
/.Regular - Answer-Class: Short acting insulin for hyperglycemia
MOA: Onset 30-45 minutes; peaks 3-4 hours; duration 4-10 hours
/.NPH - Answer-Class: Intermediate insulin for hyperglycemia
MOA: Onset 30 minutes-1 hour; peaks 4-10 hours; duration 12-24 hours
/.Glargine - Answer-Class: Long acting insulin for hyperglycemia
MOA: Onset 2-4 hours; does not have a peak, duration 24 hours
/.Detemir - Answer-Class: Long acting insulin for hyperglycemia
MOA: Onset 2-4 hours; does not have a peak, duration 24 hours
/.Glipizide - Answer-Class: Short acting Sulfonylurea for an insufficient production of
insulin in DM2
MOA: Stimulates insulin release form beta cells, all potentiate effects of ADH.
/.Glyburide - Answer-Class: Sulfonylurea for an insufficient production of insulin in DM2
MOA: Stimulates insulin release form beta cells, all potentiate effects of ADH.
/.Chlorpropamide - Answer-Class: Sulfonylurea for an insufficient production of insulin in
DM2; off label for neurogenic DI
MOA: Stimulates insulin release form beta cells, all potentiate effects of ADH.
/.Metformin - Answer-Class: Biguanide, first line drug for DM2
MOA: Decreases glucose production in liver, decreases GI glucose absorption and
improves insulin sensitivity by increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization; does
not stimulate insulin release for beta cells; inhibits platelet aggregation and reduces
blood viscosity.
/.Acarbose - Answer-Class: Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitor; third-line for DM2 in insulin
resistant patients
MOA: Inhibits absorption of CHO in GI, lowers BG levels after meals
,/.Miglitol - Answer-Class: Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitor; third-line for DM2 in insulin
resistant patients
MOA: Inhibits absorption of CHO in GI, lowers BG levels after meals
/.Sitagliptin - Answer-Class: Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitor for DM2
MOA: Inhibits DPP4, breaks down GLP1 and GIP which are released in response to a
meal; leads to increase in secretion of insulin and suppresses the release of glucagon
by the pancreas; promotes pre and postprandial glucose levels.
/.Saxaglipin - Answer-Class: Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitor for DM2
MOA: Inhibits DPP4, breaks down GLP1 and GIP which are released in response to a
meal; leads to increase in secretion of insulin and suppresses the release of glucagon
by the pancreas; promotes pre and postprandial glucose levels.
/.Exenatide - Answer-Class: Glucagon Like Peptide 1 Agonist for DM2
MOA: Promotes insulin release from pancreatic beta cells in the presence of elevated
glucose concentrations.
/.Glucagon - Answer-Class: Antidote to hypoglycemia or insulin overdose
MOA: Stimulates hepatic gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis, raised BG levels; BG
concentration rises within 10 minutes of injection and maximal concentrations are
attained at approximately 30 minutes after injection.
/.Levothyroxine - Answer-Class: T4 thyroid hormone for hypothyroidism; first line drug of
choice for thyroid replacement and suppression therapy due to longer half-life
MOA: Produce the same effects in the body as endogenous thyroid hormones.
/.Liothyronine - Answer-Class: T3 thyroid hormone for hypothyroidism
MOA: Produce the same effects in the body as endogenous thyroid hormones.
/.Liotrix - Answer-Class: Mix ratio (4:1) T4:T3 thyroid hormone for hypothyroidism
MOA: Produce the same effects in the body as endogenous thyroid hormones.
/.Propylthiouracil - Answer-Class: Antithyroid agent
MOA: Blocks synthesis of thyroxine and triiodothyronine.
/.Methimazole - Answer-Class: Antithyroid agent; first line drug
MOA: Blocks synthesis of thyroxine and triiodothyronine.
/.What is the first line drug for a patient with diabetes? - Answer-Metformin, a biguanide
/.What is the first line drug for a patient with hypothyroidism? - Answer-Levothyroxine, a
thyroid hormone
/.What is the first line drug for a patient with hyperthryoidism? - Answer-Methimazole, an
antithyroid agent
, /.What is the first line drug for a pregnant patient with diabetes? - Answer-Insulins that
are rapid or short acting that are hum- derivatives.
/.What should patients HbA1C levels be below? - Answer-6.5%
/.Alendronate - Answer-Class: Bisphosphanate used to treat osteoporosis and Paget's
dx
MOA: Inhibits osteoclastic activity, increases bone density.
/.Tiludronate - Answer-Class: Bisphosphanate used to treat osteoporosis and Paget's dx
MOA: Inhibits osteoclastic activity, increases bone density.
/.T or F: Amitriptylline will increase the concentration of norepinephrine in the synapse -
Answer-True
/.T or F: Haloperidol is a high potency antipsychotic which blocks dopamine receptors? -
Answer-True
/.T or F: Glipizide inhibits the dipeptidyl peptidase 4 enzyme? - Answer-False
/.T or F: A decreased concentration of TSH is commonly treated with levothyroxine. -
Answer-False
/.What is one long acting form of insulin? - Answer-Glargine or Detemir
/.What is one short acting form of insulin? - Answer-Regular
/.What is one rapid acting form of insulin? - Answer-Lispro or Aspart
/.What is one intermediate acting form of insulin? - Answer-NPH
/.What is the stimulant the releases norepinephrine and dopamine in the hypothalamic
feeding center to inhibit appetite? - Answer-Diethylpropion or Phentermine
/.An anticonvulsant used in the treatment of tonic clonic or partial complex seizures? -
Answer-Ethotoin or Phenytoin
/.The mechanism of action of Sertraline is ______. This drug is used to treat ______. -
Answer-SSRI, inhibits the reuptake of serotonin and weak effects of norepinephrine and
dopamine; used to treat depression
/.A nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic drug is? - Answer-Zolpiden or Eszopiclone
/.A benzodiazepine hypnotic drug is? - Answer-Flurazepam, Temazepam, or Triazolam
Question And Answers With Complete Answers
Lispro - Answer-Class: Rapid acting insulin for hyperglycemia
MOA: Onset 5 minutes; peaks 5 minutes; duration 4-5 hours
/.Aspart - Answer-Class: Rapid acting insulin for hyperglycemia
MOA: Onset 5 minutes; peaks 5 minutes; duration 4-5 hours
/.Regular - Answer-Class: Short acting insulin for hyperglycemia
MOA: Onset 30-45 minutes; peaks 3-4 hours; duration 4-10 hours
/.NPH - Answer-Class: Intermediate insulin for hyperglycemia
MOA: Onset 30 minutes-1 hour; peaks 4-10 hours; duration 12-24 hours
/.Glargine - Answer-Class: Long acting insulin for hyperglycemia
MOA: Onset 2-4 hours; does not have a peak, duration 24 hours
/.Detemir - Answer-Class: Long acting insulin for hyperglycemia
MOA: Onset 2-4 hours; does not have a peak, duration 24 hours
/.Glipizide - Answer-Class: Short acting Sulfonylurea for an insufficient production of
insulin in DM2
MOA: Stimulates insulin release form beta cells, all potentiate effects of ADH.
/.Glyburide - Answer-Class: Sulfonylurea for an insufficient production of insulin in DM2
MOA: Stimulates insulin release form beta cells, all potentiate effects of ADH.
/.Chlorpropamide - Answer-Class: Sulfonylurea for an insufficient production of insulin in
DM2; off label for neurogenic DI
MOA: Stimulates insulin release form beta cells, all potentiate effects of ADH.
/.Metformin - Answer-Class: Biguanide, first line drug for DM2
MOA: Decreases glucose production in liver, decreases GI glucose absorption and
improves insulin sensitivity by increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization; does
not stimulate insulin release for beta cells; inhibits platelet aggregation and reduces
blood viscosity.
/.Acarbose - Answer-Class: Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitor; third-line for DM2 in insulin
resistant patients
MOA: Inhibits absorption of CHO in GI, lowers BG levels after meals
,/.Miglitol - Answer-Class: Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitor; third-line for DM2 in insulin
resistant patients
MOA: Inhibits absorption of CHO in GI, lowers BG levels after meals
/.Sitagliptin - Answer-Class: Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitor for DM2
MOA: Inhibits DPP4, breaks down GLP1 and GIP which are released in response to a
meal; leads to increase in secretion of insulin and suppresses the release of glucagon
by the pancreas; promotes pre and postprandial glucose levels.
/.Saxaglipin - Answer-Class: Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitor for DM2
MOA: Inhibits DPP4, breaks down GLP1 and GIP which are released in response to a
meal; leads to increase in secretion of insulin and suppresses the release of glucagon
by the pancreas; promotes pre and postprandial glucose levels.
/.Exenatide - Answer-Class: Glucagon Like Peptide 1 Agonist for DM2
MOA: Promotes insulin release from pancreatic beta cells in the presence of elevated
glucose concentrations.
/.Glucagon - Answer-Class: Antidote to hypoglycemia or insulin overdose
MOA: Stimulates hepatic gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis, raised BG levels; BG
concentration rises within 10 minutes of injection and maximal concentrations are
attained at approximately 30 minutes after injection.
/.Levothyroxine - Answer-Class: T4 thyroid hormone for hypothyroidism; first line drug of
choice for thyroid replacement and suppression therapy due to longer half-life
MOA: Produce the same effects in the body as endogenous thyroid hormones.
/.Liothyronine - Answer-Class: T3 thyroid hormone for hypothyroidism
MOA: Produce the same effects in the body as endogenous thyroid hormones.
/.Liotrix - Answer-Class: Mix ratio (4:1) T4:T3 thyroid hormone for hypothyroidism
MOA: Produce the same effects in the body as endogenous thyroid hormones.
/.Propylthiouracil - Answer-Class: Antithyroid agent
MOA: Blocks synthesis of thyroxine and triiodothyronine.
/.Methimazole - Answer-Class: Antithyroid agent; first line drug
MOA: Blocks synthesis of thyroxine and triiodothyronine.
/.What is the first line drug for a patient with diabetes? - Answer-Metformin, a biguanide
/.What is the first line drug for a patient with hypothyroidism? - Answer-Levothyroxine, a
thyroid hormone
/.What is the first line drug for a patient with hyperthryoidism? - Answer-Methimazole, an
antithyroid agent
, /.What is the first line drug for a pregnant patient with diabetes? - Answer-Insulins that
are rapid or short acting that are hum- derivatives.
/.What should patients HbA1C levels be below? - Answer-6.5%
/.Alendronate - Answer-Class: Bisphosphanate used to treat osteoporosis and Paget's
dx
MOA: Inhibits osteoclastic activity, increases bone density.
/.Tiludronate - Answer-Class: Bisphosphanate used to treat osteoporosis and Paget's dx
MOA: Inhibits osteoclastic activity, increases bone density.
/.T or F: Amitriptylline will increase the concentration of norepinephrine in the synapse -
Answer-True
/.T or F: Haloperidol is a high potency antipsychotic which blocks dopamine receptors? -
Answer-True
/.T or F: Glipizide inhibits the dipeptidyl peptidase 4 enzyme? - Answer-False
/.T or F: A decreased concentration of TSH is commonly treated with levothyroxine. -
Answer-False
/.What is one long acting form of insulin? - Answer-Glargine or Detemir
/.What is one short acting form of insulin? - Answer-Regular
/.What is one rapid acting form of insulin? - Answer-Lispro or Aspart
/.What is one intermediate acting form of insulin? - Answer-NPH
/.What is the stimulant the releases norepinephrine and dopamine in the hypothalamic
feeding center to inhibit appetite? - Answer-Diethylpropion or Phentermine
/.An anticonvulsant used in the treatment of tonic clonic or partial complex seizures? -
Answer-Ethotoin or Phenytoin
/.The mechanism of action of Sertraline is ______. This drug is used to treat ______. -
Answer-SSRI, inhibits the reuptake of serotonin and weak effects of norepinephrine and
dopamine; used to treat depression
/.A nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic drug is? - Answer-Zolpiden or Eszopiclone
/.A benzodiazepine hypnotic drug is? - Answer-Flurazepam, Temazepam, or Triazolam
