BIO484 EXAM 1Already Passed
Genetic analysis starts with.... - =isolation of mutants
How to geneticists analyze biological traits? (3) - =- detection of single-gene inheritance pattern
- observing wild/mutant type phenotype in crosses
- genetic dissection
-Random mutagenesis
-irradiation & chemical mutagenesis
-spontaneous mutation
-identify phenotype
-identify gene
*** phenotype-driven approach!! - =forward genetics
-identify gene
-gene targeting
-transgenics, knock-outs/ins, gene trap
-identify phenotype
*** genotype-driven approach!! - =reverse genetics
first to elucidate the rules for single-gene inheritance pattern - =gregor mendel
Explain the process of genetic dissection. (3 steps) - =1) cross a wild & mutant
2) cross their progeny
3) analyze ratio of mutant to wild types
, Mendel used what to demonstrate his experiment? - =garden pea (pisum sativum)
self-pollination produces... - =pure lines or true breeding
Mendel crossed "true breeding" plants by doing what? - =cross-pollination of pea plants
Results of Mendel's experiment - =3:1 ratio in F2 generation
The 3:1 and 1:1 ratios also found for comparable crosses for .... - =all traits Mendel studied
What is necessary for a character? - =hereditary factor
2 versions of traits - =dominant & recessive
genes come in 2 forms... - =dominant & recessive alleles
Each character is controlled by 2 alleles
• When both present, the.... - =dominant allele masks the expression of the Recessive allele
fertilized egg with a pair of identical alleles - =homozygote
pair of different alleles - =heterozygote
Genetic makeup of an organism
• Allelic combinations: YY, Yy or yy - =genotype
• Physical expression of the genotype
• e.g., yellow or green peas - =phenotype
Genetic analysis starts with.... - =isolation of mutants
How to geneticists analyze biological traits? (3) - =- detection of single-gene inheritance pattern
- observing wild/mutant type phenotype in crosses
- genetic dissection
-Random mutagenesis
-irradiation & chemical mutagenesis
-spontaneous mutation
-identify phenotype
-identify gene
*** phenotype-driven approach!! - =forward genetics
-identify gene
-gene targeting
-transgenics, knock-outs/ins, gene trap
-identify phenotype
*** genotype-driven approach!! - =reverse genetics
first to elucidate the rules for single-gene inheritance pattern - =gregor mendel
Explain the process of genetic dissection. (3 steps) - =1) cross a wild & mutant
2) cross their progeny
3) analyze ratio of mutant to wild types
, Mendel used what to demonstrate his experiment? - =garden pea (pisum sativum)
self-pollination produces... - =pure lines or true breeding
Mendel crossed "true breeding" plants by doing what? - =cross-pollination of pea plants
Results of Mendel's experiment - =3:1 ratio in F2 generation
The 3:1 and 1:1 ratios also found for comparable crosses for .... - =all traits Mendel studied
What is necessary for a character? - =hereditary factor
2 versions of traits - =dominant & recessive
genes come in 2 forms... - =dominant & recessive alleles
Each character is controlled by 2 alleles
• When both present, the.... - =dominant allele masks the expression of the Recessive allele
fertilized egg with a pair of identical alleles - =homozygote
pair of different alleles - =heterozygote
Genetic makeup of an organism
• Allelic combinations: YY, Yy or yy - =genotype
• Physical expression of the genotype
• e.g., yellow or green peas - =phenotype
