DDI Exam 1 With 62 questions and answers updated RATED A+ Newest

DDI Exam 1 With 62 questions and answers
updated RATED A+ Newest
Drug Interaction Definition - Correct Answers The effects of one drug are modified by the prior and/or
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concurrent administration of another pharmacologically active substance
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II! What are the two types of interaction outcomes? - Correct Answers -Additive/Synergistic: exaggeration
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II! of expected pharmacological effects
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-Antagonistic/silent: attenuation or loss of pharmacologic potency II! II! II! II! II! II!




II! Object drug - Correct Answers The drug being affected by the interaction
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II! Precipitant drug - Correct Answers The drug causing the interaction
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II! PK Drug interaction - Correct Answers Interaction that results in a change in the concentration-time
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II! course of active drug/metabolites in the circulation and/or at the effector tissue or organ
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II! PD Drug Interaction - Correct Answers Interactions involving a change in the functional relationship
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II! between the degree of pharmacologic response and the drug/metabolite concentration
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II! Reported prevalence of drug interactions - Correct Answers -Retrospective v Prospective
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-Potential v Probable v Documented/Verified II! II! II! II!




*"Potential" DDIs identified using computerized DI software II! II! II! II! II! II!




-Inconsistencies in the definition of clinically significant drug interactions II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!




-Use of different denominators to express prevalence (ie. per patient, per patient days, per drug exposure)
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II! DDIs versus ADRs - Correct Answers -Only a minor subset of ADRs (~3%)
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-Morbidity and mortality are often serious and almost all are preventable
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-Variable figures exist II! II!

, II! How common are DDIs? - Correct Answers -Potential to probable = 1-20% depending on: setting, patient
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II! pop, disease, drug distribution, utilization, and formulary
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-Clinically significant DDIs are estimated at 1-10 per 1000 patients (often with serious ADEs)
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II! Lovastatin and Simvastatin Interact With - Correct Answers -Gemfibrozil
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-Verapamil

-Dilt

-Clarithromycin/Erythromycin

-Amiodarone

-Ketoconazole/Itraconazole



II! MICU Admissions - Correct Answers Of 281 admissions:
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-7.5% ADR related II! II!




-4.4% ADI II!




-1.4% were fatal (all DIs)
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II! Consequences of DIs - Correct Answers -Admission to ICU (OR = 3) II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II! II!




-Length of Stay > 6 days (OR = 2.98)
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Polypharmacy (OR = 4.47) II! II! II!




II! Drug Interaction Defenses - Correct Answers -Computer screening
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-Pharmacist's Knowledge II!




-Patient Risk Factors II! II!




Latent Failures: II!




-Drug Admin II!




-Patient Education II!