PSYC 185 UNIT 2 EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS!!
How do we define intellectual disabilities? - ANSWER An intellectual disability id a
heterogeneous disorder that is incurable but preventable/improvable with treatment
and education
Define heterogeneous - ANSWER not uniform throughout
What are some general characteristics of intellectual disabilities? - ANSWER Limited
cognitive abilities, deficits in adaptive behavior (a person's functioning in pursuing
common activities and goals in life are impaired).
BOTH MUST BE PRESENT (occurring during the developmental period) FOR A
DIAGNOSIS
What is meant by substantial deficits in intellectual functioning? - ANSWER Substantial
deficits in intellectual functioning (as measured by intellectual assessments, which
study working memory, verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, etc.)
How do we test for intellectual disabilities? - ANSWER Using a standardized,
norm-referenced test, (school) psychologists measure a student's IQ.
How do we measure IQ? - ANSWER IQ is distributed according to a normal curve
phenomenon; the mean IQ is 100, with a standard deviation of 15.
What is the IQ range for an intellectual disability? - ANSWER An IQ score below 70 is
considered an intellectual disability.
What is the zone of uncertainty? - ANSWER An IQ score between 65 and 75
,What is matrix reasoning? - ANSWER A type of visual-spatial problem solving that is
often used to determine intelligence. It usually involves a series of figures in which there
is a pattern, with one figure in the series left blank.
What is important to consider regarding IQ tests? - ANSWER 1. IQ testing is not an
exact science.
2. IQ is a hypothetical construct (set of cognitive skills with overt behaviors that taps
those skills).
3. They measure performance at one point in time.
4. They can be culturally biased.
5. Scores can change significantly.
6. Scores should not be used to determine IEP objectives.
7. Scores should not be used as the sole basis for making decisions regarding special
education services.
What is meant by deficits in adaptive behavior? - ANSWER Adaptive behavior is
defined as A collection of conceptual, social, and practical skills needed to function in
everyday life.
Thus, people with intellectual disabilities lack skills useful to function in "normal"
society.
Which assessments are used to measure adaptive behavior, and are some things
difficult to measure? - ANSWER The Adaptive Behavior, Scale-School, Vineland
Adaptive Behavior Scale, and the AAIDD Diagnosis Adaptive Behavior Scale.
It is difficult to measure the relative nature of competence and reliance on informant
assessment.
What are the domains and subdomains of adaptive behavior? - ANSWER
Communication: Receptive, Expressive, Written
, Daily Living Skills: Personal, Domestic, Community
Socialization: Interpersonal Relationships, Play and Leisure Time, Coping Skills
Motor Skills: Fine, Gross
Maladaptive Behavior Index (Optional): Internalizing, Externalizing, Other
How did the DSM 4 define intellectual disabilities? - ANSWER A. Significant
sub-average intellectual functioning: an IQ if approximately 70-75 or below.
B. An individuals functioning is impaired to meet the standards expected for their age or
cultural group in at least two of the following areas: communication, self-care and
self-direction, home living, social and interpersonal skills, use of community resources,
academic skills, work, leisure, health, and safety.
C. The onset is before the age of 18.
How did the DSM 4 categorize degrees of severity? - ANSWER Mild Mental
Retardation: An IQ level of approximately 70
Moderate Mental Retardation: An IQ level of between 35-40 to 50-55
Severe Mental Retardation: An IQ level of between 20-25 to 35-40
Profound Mental Retardation: An IQ level below 20-25
How does the DSM 5 define intellectual disabilities? - ANSWER Intellectual
Developmental Disorder is a disorder that includes both a current intellectual defit and a
deficit in adaptive functioning with onset during the developmental period. All three of
the following criteria must be met.
ANSWERS!!
How do we define intellectual disabilities? - ANSWER An intellectual disability id a
heterogeneous disorder that is incurable but preventable/improvable with treatment
and education
Define heterogeneous - ANSWER not uniform throughout
What are some general characteristics of intellectual disabilities? - ANSWER Limited
cognitive abilities, deficits in adaptive behavior (a person's functioning in pursuing
common activities and goals in life are impaired).
BOTH MUST BE PRESENT (occurring during the developmental period) FOR A
DIAGNOSIS
What is meant by substantial deficits in intellectual functioning? - ANSWER Substantial
deficits in intellectual functioning (as measured by intellectual assessments, which
study working memory, verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, etc.)
How do we test for intellectual disabilities? - ANSWER Using a standardized,
norm-referenced test, (school) psychologists measure a student's IQ.
How do we measure IQ? - ANSWER IQ is distributed according to a normal curve
phenomenon; the mean IQ is 100, with a standard deviation of 15.
What is the IQ range for an intellectual disability? - ANSWER An IQ score below 70 is
considered an intellectual disability.
What is the zone of uncertainty? - ANSWER An IQ score between 65 and 75
,What is matrix reasoning? - ANSWER A type of visual-spatial problem solving that is
often used to determine intelligence. It usually involves a series of figures in which there
is a pattern, with one figure in the series left blank.
What is important to consider regarding IQ tests? - ANSWER 1. IQ testing is not an
exact science.
2. IQ is a hypothetical construct (set of cognitive skills with overt behaviors that taps
those skills).
3. They measure performance at one point in time.
4. They can be culturally biased.
5. Scores can change significantly.
6. Scores should not be used to determine IEP objectives.
7. Scores should not be used as the sole basis for making decisions regarding special
education services.
What is meant by deficits in adaptive behavior? - ANSWER Adaptive behavior is
defined as A collection of conceptual, social, and practical skills needed to function in
everyday life.
Thus, people with intellectual disabilities lack skills useful to function in "normal"
society.
Which assessments are used to measure adaptive behavior, and are some things
difficult to measure? - ANSWER The Adaptive Behavior, Scale-School, Vineland
Adaptive Behavior Scale, and the AAIDD Diagnosis Adaptive Behavior Scale.
It is difficult to measure the relative nature of competence and reliance on informant
assessment.
What are the domains and subdomains of adaptive behavior? - ANSWER
Communication: Receptive, Expressive, Written
, Daily Living Skills: Personal, Domestic, Community
Socialization: Interpersonal Relationships, Play and Leisure Time, Coping Skills
Motor Skills: Fine, Gross
Maladaptive Behavior Index (Optional): Internalizing, Externalizing, Other
How did the DSM 4 define intellectual disabilities? - ANSWER A. Significant
sub-average intellectual functioning: an IQ if approximately 70-75 or below.
B. An individuals functioning is impaired to meet the standards expected for their age or
cultural group in at least two of the following areas: communication, self-care and
self-direction, home living, social and interpersonal skills, use of community resources,
academic skills, work, leisure, health, and safety.
C. The onset is before the age of 18.
How did the DSM 4 categorize degrees of severity? - ANSWER Mild Mental
Retardation: An IQ level of approximately 70
Moderate Mental Retardation: An IQ level of between 35-40 to 50-55
Severe Mental Retardation: An IQ level of between 20-25 to 35-40
Profound Mental Retardation: An IQ level below 20-25
How does the DSM 5 define intellectual disabilities? - ANSWER Intellectual
Developmental Disorder is a disorder that includes both a current intellectual defit and a
deficit in adaptive functioning with onset during the developmental period. All three of
the following criteria must be met.
