ISSA CORRECTIVE EXERCISE STUDY GUIDE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS 2025/2026
What is a primary function of interneurons during movement? - Integrate lower motor
neuron activity
Descending tracts originate from what two areas of the brain? - Motor cortex and
brainstem
When a muscle is quickly stretched, which of the following receptors is activated? -
Golgi tendon Organ
The brain's ability to change its structure and function is known as: - Neuroplasticity
Which of the following is not a function of the basal ganglia? - Inhibit lower motor
neurons
An important component of sleep is to: - Allow CSF to flush out waste
Which of the following is not a function of the cerebellum? - Directly control lower motor
neurons
The reference point for all locations within the human body is known as the - Anatomical
Position
Which term describes a position that's toward the top of the head? - Cranial
Which term describes a position that's close to the trunk? - Proximal
Which plane divides the body into left and right segments and is associated with flexion
and extension movements? - Sagittal
Hip abduction and adduction occur in which plane? - Frontal
Throwing a baseball is which type of motion? - Multiplanar
Movement of a limb in a specific direction is referred to as its: - Direction of rotation
When lifting free weights, the direction of resistance is always: - Straight down to the
earth
When using a cable or exercise band, the direction of resistance is always: - In the
direction the cable or band is pulling
Which of the following movements is not associated with the cervical spine? - Horizontal
adduction
, How many different movements can the shoulder girdle perform? - 14
What is the primary disadvantage of the bony structures that form the glenohumeral
joint? - It is inherently unstable
Which of the following is not an external rotator of the glenohumeral joint? - Latissimus
dorsi
How many primary movements can the scapulothoracic region perform? - 6
Which of the following muscles does not elevate the scapula? - Latissimus dorsi
Which action(s) can the gluteus maximus perform? - All of the above
Which is the largest joint in the human body? - Knee
Which of the following muscles does not extend the knee? - Semitendinosus
How many joint(s) form the elbow region? - 3
What type of motion is foot pronation? - Triplanar
What is required for the human body to maintain balance? - The center of mass remains
over the base of support
Which of the following is not a way the body maintains its sense of balance? - Sensory
feedback from the auditory system
The vestibular system, from the inner ear, sends its information to what region of the
brain in order to maintain the body's sense of balance? - Brainstem
During closed-loop motor control, sensory feedback is first sent to which brain
structures? - Cerebellum and sensory cortex
The ability of synapses to strengthen or weaken based on the activity they receive is
known as: - Synaptic plasticity
What are the primary functions of the cerebellum for maintaining a person's sense of
balance? - Control of posture and gait
The brain receives sensory information from which of the following two structures that
are contained within muscles and tendons? - Muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs
Why does closed-loop motor control take longer to produce a movement than open-loop
motor control? - Closed-loop motor control requires sensory feedback
ANSWERS 2025/2026
What is a primary function of interneurons during movement? - Integrate lower motor
neuron activity
Descending tracts originate from what two areas of the brain? - Motor cortex and
brainstem
When a muscle is quickly stretched, which of the following receptors is activated? -
Golgi tendon Organ
The brain's ability to change its structure and function is known as: - Neuroplasticity
Which of the following is not a function of the basal ganglia? - Inhibit lower motor
neurons
An important component of sleep is to: - Allow CSF to flush out waste
Which of the following is not a function of the cerebellum? - Directly control lower motor
neurons
The reference point for all locations within the human body is known as the - Anatomical
Position
Which term describes a position that's toward the top of the head? - Cranial
Which term describes a position that's close to the trunk? - Proximal
Which plane divides the body into left and right segments and is associated with flexion
and extension movements? - Sagittal
Hip abduction and adduction occur in which plane? - Frontal
Throwing a baseball is which type of motion? - Multiplanar
Movement of a limb in a specific direction is referred to as its: - Direction of rotation
When lifting free weights, the direction of resistance is always: - Straight down to the
earth
When using a cable or exercise band, the direction of resistance is always: - In the
direction the cable or band is pulling
Which of the following movements is not associated with the cervical spine? - Horizontal
adduction
, How many different movements can the shoulder girdle perform? - 14
What is the primary disadvantage of the bony structures that form the glenohumeral
joint? - It is inherently unstable
Which of the following is not an external rotator of the glenohumeral joint? - Latissimus
dorsi
How many primary movements can the scapulothoracic region perform? - 6
Which of the following muscles does not elevate the scapula? - Latissimus dorsi
Which action(s) can the gluteus maximus perform? - All of the above
Which is the largest joint in the human body? - Knee
Which of the following muscles does not extend the knee? - Semitendinosus
How many joint(s) form the elbow region? - 3
What type of motion is foot pronation? - Triplanar
What is required for the human body to maintain balance? - The center of mass remains
over the base of support
Which of the following is not a way the body maintains its sense of balance? - Sensory
feedback from the auditory system
The vestibular system, from the inner ear, sends its information to what region of the
brain in order to maintain the body's sense of balance? - Brainstem
During closed-loop motor control, sensory feedback is first sent to which brain
structures? - Cerebellum and sensory cortex
The ability of synapses to strengthen or weaken based on the activity they receive is
known as: - Synaptic plasticity
What are the primary functions of the cerebellum for maintaining a person's sense of
balance? - Control of posture and gait
The brain receives sensory information from which of the following two structures that
are contained within muscles and tendons? - Muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs
Why does closed-loop motor control take longer to produce a movement than open-loop
motor control? - Closed-loop motor control requires sensory feedback
