,Chapter.1:.Introduction.to.Pathophysiology.Test.
Bank
MULTIPLE.CHOICE
1. C.Q..was.recently.exposed.to.group.A.hemolytic.Streptococcus.and.subsequently.developed.a.pharyngeal
nation.reveals.an.oral.temperature.of.102.3°.F,.skin.rash,.dysphagia,.and.reddened.throat.mucosa.with.mul
s.of.sore.throat,.malaise,.and.joint.stiffness..A.throat.culture.is.positive.for.Streptococcus,.and.antibiotics.h
iology.of.C.Q.‟s.disease.is
a. a.sore.throat.
b. streptococcal.infection.
c. genetic.susceptibility.
d. pharyngitis.
ANS:. B
Etiology.refers.to.the.proposed.cause.or.causes.of.a.particular.disease.process..A.sore.throat.is.the.manifes
Genetic.susceptibility.refers.to.inherited.tendency.to.develop.a.disease..Pharyngitis.refers.to.inflammation
cal.manifestation.of.the.disease.process.
REF:. . Pg..2
2. A.17-year-old.college-bound.student.receives.a.vaccine.against.an.organism.that.causes.meningitis..This.i
a. primary.prevention.
b. secondary.prevention.
c. tertiary.prevention.
d. disease.treatment.
ANS:. A
Primary.prevention.is.prevention.of.disease.by.altering.susceptibility.or.reducing.exposure.for.susceptible
ination..Secondary.prevention.is.the.early.detection,.screening,.and.management.of.the.disease..Tertiary.p
ve.and.supportive.care.and.attempts.to.alleviate.disability.and.restore.effective.functioning..Disease.treatm
he.disease.once.it.has.developed.
REF:. . Pg..9
3. An.obese.but.otherwise.healthy.teen.is.given.a.prescription.for.a.low-calorie.diet.and.exercise.program..Th
a. primary.prevention.
b. secondary.prevention.
c. tertiary.prevention.
d. disease.treatment.
ANS:. B
Secondary.prevention.is.the.early.detection,.screening,.and.management.of.the.disease.such.as.prescribing
dual.who.has.already.developed.obesity..Primary.prevention.is.prevention.of.disease.by.altering.susceptib
usceptible.individuals..Tertiary.prevention.includes.rehabilitative.and.supportive.care.and.attempts.to.alle
ective.functioning..Disease.treatment.involves.management.of.the.disease.once.it.has.developed.
REF:. Pgs..9-10
4. A.patient.with.high.blood.pressure.who.is.otherwise.healthy.is.counseled.to.restrict.sodium.intake..This.is.
a. primary.prevention.
b. secondary.prevention.
c. tertiary.prevention.
d. disease.treatment.
ANS:. B
Secondary.prevention.is.the.early.detection,.screening,.and.management.of.the.disease,.such.as.by.prescrib
h.blood.pressure..Primary.prevention.is.prevention.of.disease.by.altering.susceptibility.or.reducing.exposu
, 6. A.patient.has.been.exposed.to.meningococcal.meningitis,.but.is.not.yet.demonstrating.signs.of.this.disease
ed.the. .stage.
a. prodromal
b. latent
c. sequela
d. convalescence
ANS:. B
Incubation.refers.to.the.interval.between.exposure.of.a.tissue.to.an.injurious.agent.and.the.first.appearance.
ectious.diseases,.this.period.is.often.called.the.incubation.(latent).period..Prodromal.refers.to.the.appearanc
oms.indicating.the.onset.of.a.disease..These.are.often.nonspecific,.such.as.headache,.malaise,.anorexia,.an
d.with.a.number.of.different.diseases..Sequela.refers.to.subsequent.pathologic.condition.resulting.from.a.d
stage.of.recovery.after.a.disease,.injury,.or.surgical.operation.
REF:. . Pg..3
7. A.disease.that.is.native.to.a.particular.region.is.called
a. epidemic.
b. endemic.
c. pandemic.
d. ethnographic.
ANS:. B
A.disease.that.is.native.to.a.particular.region.is.called.endemic..An.epidemic.is.a.disease.that.spreads.to.ma
e..Pandemics.are.epidemics.that.affect.large.geographic.regions,.perhaps.spreading.worldwide.
REF:. . Pg..6
8. In.general,.with.aging,.organ.size.and.function
a. increase.
b. decrease.
c. remain.the.same.
d. is.unknown.
ANS:. B
In.general,.with.aging,.organ.size.and.function.decrease.
REF:. . Pg..5
9. The.stage.during.which.the.patient.functions.normally,.although.the.disease.processes.are.well.established
a. latent.
b. subclinical.
c. prodromal.
d. convalescence.
ANS:. B
The.stage.during.which.the.patient.functions.normally,.although.the.disease.processes.are.well.established
e..The.interval.between.exposure.of.a.tissue.to.an.injurious.agent.and.the.first.appearance.of.signs.and.symp
eriod.or,.in.the.case.of.infectious.diseases,.an.incubation.period..The.prodromal.period,.or.prodrome,.refer
t.signs.and.symptoms.indicating.the.onset.of.a.disease..Convalescence.is.the.stage.of.recovery.after.a.disea
on.
REF:. . Pg..3
MULTIPLE.RESPONSE
10. Your.patient‟s.red.blood.cell.is.slightly.elevated.today..This.might.be.explained.by.(Select.all.that.apply.)
a. gender.difference.
b. situational.factors.
, COMPLETION
12. When.the.cause.is.unknown,.a.condition.is.said.to.be. .
ANS:
idiopathic
Many.diseases.are.idiopathic.in.nature.
REF:. . Pg..2
13. The.nurse.is.swabbing.a.patient‟s.throat.to.test.for.streptococcal.pharyngitis..The.nurse.must.understand.th
e.probability.that.they.will.be.positive.for.a.condition.when.applied.to.a.person.with.the.condition;.this.pro
.
ANS:
sensitivity
The.sensitivity.of.any.test.refers.to.the.probability.that.the.test.will.be.positive.when.applied.to.a.person.wi
ovide.a.false.negative.result..In.contrast,.specificity.is.the.probability.that.a.test.will.be.negative.when.appli
ve.a.given.condition.
REF:. . Pg..5
Bank
MULTIPLE.CHOICE
1. C.Q..was.recently.exposed.to.group.A.hemolytic.Streptococcus.and.subsequently.developed.a.pharyngeal
nation.reveals.an.oral.temperature.of.102.3°.F,.skin.rash,.dysphagia,.and.reddened.throat.mucosa.with.mul
s.of.sore.throat,.malaise,.and.joint.stiffness..A.throat.culture.is.positive.for.Streptococcus,.and.antibiotics.h
iology.of.C.Q.‟s.disease.is
a. a.sore.throat.
b. streptococcal.infection.
c. genetic.susceptibility.
d. pharyngitis.
ANS:. B
Etiology.refers.to.the.proposed.cause.or.causes.of.a.particular.disease.process..A.sore.throat.is.the.manifes
Genetic.susceptibility.refers.to.inherited.tendency.to.develop.a.disease..Pharyngitis.refers.to.inflammation
cal.manifestation.of.the.disease.process.
REF:. . Pg..2
2. A.17-year-old.college-bound.student.receives.a.vaccine.against.an.organism.that.causes.meningitis..This.i
a. primary.prevention.
b. secondary.prevention.
c. tertiary.prevention.
d. disease.treatment.
ANS:. A
Primary.prevention.is.prevention.of.disease.by.altering.susceptibility.or.reducing.exposure.for.susceptible
ination..Secondary.prevention.is.the.early.detection,.screening,.and.management.of.the.disease..Tertiary.p
ve.and.supportive.care.and.attempts.to.alleviate.disability.and.restore.effective.functioning..Disease.treatm
he.disease.once.it.has.developed.
REF:. . Pg..9
3. An.obese.but.otherwise.healthy.teen.is.given.a.prescription.for.a.low-calorie.diet.and.exercise.program..Th
a. primary.prevention.
b. secondary.prevention.
c. tertiary.prevention.
d. disease.treatment.
ANS:. B
Secondary.prevention.is.the.early.detection,.screening,.and.management.of.the.disease.such.as.prescribing
dual.who.has.already.developed.obesity..Primary.prevention.is.prevention.of.disease.by.altering.susceptib
usceptible.individuals..Tertiary.prevention.includes.rehabilitative.and.supportive.care.and.attempts.to.alle
ective.functioning..Disease.treatment.involves.management.of.the.disease.once.it.has.developed.
REF:. Pgs..9-10
4. A.patient.with.high.blood.pressure.who.is.otherwise.healthy.is.counseled.to.restrict.sodium.intake..This.is.
a. primary.prevention.
b. secondary.prevention.
c. tertiary.prevention.
d. disease.treatment.
ANS:. B
Secondary.prevention.is.the.early.detection,.screening,.and.management.of.the.disease,.such.as.by.prescrib
h.blood.pressure..Primary.prevention.is.prevention.of.disease.by.altering.susceptibility.or.reducing.exposu
, 6. A.patient.has.been.exposed.to.meningococcal.meningitis,.but.is.not.yet.demonstrating.signs.of.this.disease
ed.the. .stage.
a. prodromal
b. latent
c. sequela
d. convalescence
ANS:. B
Incubation.refers.to.the.interval.between.exposure.of.a.tissue.to.an.injurious.agent.and.the.first.appearance.
ectious.diseases,.this.period.is.often.called.the.incubation.(latent).period..Prodromal.refers.to.the.appearanc
oms.indicating.the.onset.of.a.disease..These.are.often.nonspecific,.such.as.headache,.malaise,.anorexia,.an
d.with.a.number.of.different.diseases..Sequela.refers.to.subsequent.pathologic.condition.resulting.from.a.d
stage.of.recovery.after.a.disease,.injury,.or.surgical.operation.
REF:. . Pg..3
7. A.disease.that.is.native.to.a.particular.region.is.called
a. epidemic.
b. endemic.
c. pandemic.
d. ethnographic.
ANS:. B
A.disease.that.is.native.to.a.particular.region.is.called.endemic..An.epidemic.is.a.disease.that.spreads.to.ma
e..Pandemics.are.epidemics.that.affect.large.geographic.regions,.perhaps.spreading.worldwide.
REF:. . Pg..6
8. In.general,.with.aging,.organ.size.and.function
a. increase.
b. decrease.
c. remain.the.same.
d. is.unknown.
ANS:. B
In.general,.with.aging,.organ.size.and.function.decrease.
REF:. . Pg..5
9. The.stage.during.which.the.patient.functions.normally,.although.the.disease.processes.are.well.established
a. latent.
b. subclinical.
c. prodromal.
d. convalescence.
ANS:. B
The.stage.during.which.the.patient.functions.normally,.although.the.disease.processes.are.well.established
e..The.interval.between.exposure.of.a.tissue.to.an.injurious.agent.and.the.first.appearance.of.signs.and.symp
eriod.or,.in.the.case.of.infectious.diseases,.an.incubation.period..The.prodromal.period,.or.prodrome,.refer
t.signs.and.symptoms.indicating.the.onset.of.a.disease..Convalescence.is.the.stage.of.recovery.after.a.disea
on.
REF:. . Pg..3
MULTIPLE.RESPONSE
10. Your.patient‟s.red.blood.cell.is.slightly.elevated.today..This.might.be.explained.by.(Select.all.that.apply.)
a. gender.difference.
b. situational.factors.
, COMPLETION
12. When.the.cause.is.unknown,.a.condition.is.said.to.be. .
ANS:
idiopathic
Many.diseases.are.idiopathic.in.nature.
REF:. . Pg..2
13. The.nurse.is.swabbing.a.patient‟s.throat.to.test.for.streptococcal.pharyngitis..The.nurse.must.understand.th
e.probability.that.they.will.be.positive.for.a.condition.when.applied.to.a.person.with.the.condition;.this.pro
.
ANS:
sensitivity
The.sensitivity.of.any.test.refers.to.the.probability.that.the.test.will.be.positive.when.applied.to.a.person.wi
ovide.a.false.negative.result..In.contrast,.specificity.is.the.probability.that.a.test.will.be.negative.when.appli
ve.a.given.condition.
REF:. . Pg..5
