Nutrition 331 Midterm 1 exam with verified
answers
Unit 1 Overview of Nutrition
Applied Science - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔draws on many disciplines of science
(biochemistry, physiology, anatomy, genetics, anthropology, psychology, sociology,
religion, microbiology, agriculture, geography, and business)
Essential Nutrients - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔must be provided directly by foods
Nutrition - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔multi-disciplinary study of processes by which
nutrients are handled in body (how food nourished the body)
-study of human behaviour related to food
6 major classes of nutrients - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids (fats)
3. Protein
4. Vitamines
5. Minerals
6. Water (60% body weight)
Macronutrients - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔required in large amounts
(grams/Litres)
(carbs, lipids, proteins, and water)
,Energy Yielding Nutrients - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔carbs, lipids, and proteins
micronutrients - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔vitamins and most minerals, required in
small amounts (mg/micrograms)
Food - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔any substance that the body can take in and
assimilate that will enable you to stay alive and grow
Diet - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔the foods and beverages a person eats and drinks
Nutrients - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔components of food that indispensable to
body's functioning
-provide energy, building materials, and maintain or repair body parts and support
growth
Malnutrition - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔any condition caused by excess/ deficient
food energy/ nutrient intake all by imbalance of nutrients
Undernutrition - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔nutrient or energy deficiencies
Over-nutrition - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔nutrient or energy excess
Chronic disease - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔long-duration degenerative diseases
characterized by deterioration of body organs (e.g. heart disease, caner and diabetes)
-all connected to poor diet (not diet alone)
,-genetic inheritance related to diet
Anemia - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔red blood ells inadequate or impaired so cannot
meet oxygen demands of body
Genome - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔full complement of genetic material in
chromosomes of cell (99% same in all ppl)
DNA - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔molecule that encodes genetic information in
structure
Genes - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔units of cells inheritance, made of DNA (each
directs making one or more proteins, performs important tasks in body)
Nutritional Genomics - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔the science of how nutrients affect
the activities of genes and how genes affect the interactions between diet and disease
Energy - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔capacity to do work (in food is chemical energy)
Organic - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔carbon containing (carbs, fats, protein and
vitamins)
Energy-yielding nutrients - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔nutrients body can use for
energy (building blocks of structure)
-carbs fats (energy), and protein (energy and structure)
, Calories - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔units of energy (kilocalorie)
-amount of heat energy necessary to raise the temperature of a kilogram (litre) of
water 1 degree celsius (calorie/cal)
-total food energy per serving
-1 cal=4.2 kilojouls
Calories of
1. Carbs
2. Fat
3. Protein - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. 4 cal/g
2. 9 cal/g
3. 4 cal/g
Grams - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔units of weight
-g= cubic centimetre (cc) or millilitre (mL) of H2O under defined conditions of
temperature and pressure
Dietary Supplements - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔pills, liquids, powders that contain
purified nutrients or other ingredients
Elemental Diets - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔purified ingredients of known chemical
component
-intended to supply all essential nutrients to ppl who cannot eat foods
Non nutrients - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔compounds other than 6 nutrients that
present in foods and have biological activity in body
answers
Unit 1 Overview of Nutrition
Applied Science - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔draws on many disciplines of science
(biochemistry, physiology, anatomy, genetics, anthropology, psychology, sociology,
religion, microbiology, agriculture, geography, and business)
Essential Nutrients - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔must be provided directly by foods
Nutrition - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔multi-disciplinary study of processes by which
nutrients are handled in body (how food nourished the body)
-study of human behaviour related to food
6 major classes of nutrients - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids (fats)
3. Protein
4. Vitamines
5. Minerals
6. Water (60% body weight)
Macronutrients - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔required in large amounts
(grams/Litres)
(carbs, lipids, proteins, and water)
,Energy Yielding Nutrients - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔carbs, lipids, and proteins
micronutrients - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔vitamins and most minerals, required in
small amounts (mg/micrograms)
Food - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔any substance that the body can take in and
assimilate that will enable you to stay alive and grow
Diet - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔the foods and beverages a person eats and drinks
Nutrients - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔components of food that indispensable to
body's functioning
-provide energy, building materials, and maintain or repair body parts and support
growth
Malnutrition - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔any condition caused by excess/ deficient
food energy/ nutrient intake all by imbalance of nutrients
Undernutrition - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔nutrient or energy deficiencies
Over-nutrition - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔nutrient or energy excess
Chronic disease - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔long-duration degenerative diseases
characterized by deterioration of body organs (e.g. heart disease, caner and diabetes)
-all connected to poor diet (not diet alone)
,-genetic inheritance related to diet
Anemia - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔red blood ells inadequate or impaired so cannot
meet oxygen demands of body
Genome - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔full complement of genetic material in
chromosomes of cell (99% same in all ppl)
DNA - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔molecule that encodes genetic information in
structure
Genes - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔units of cells inheritance, made of DNA (each
directs making one or more proteins, performs important tasks in body)
Nutritional Genomics - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔the science of how nutrients affect
the activities of genes and how genes affect the interactions between diet and disease
Energy - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔capacity to do work (in food is chemical energy)
Organic - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔carbon containing (carbs, fats, protein and
vitamins)
Energy-yielding nutrients - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔nutrients body can use for
energy (building blocks of structure)
-carbs fats (energy), and protein (energy and structure)
, Calories - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔units of energy (kilocalorie)
-amount of heat energy necessary to raise the temperature of a kilogram (litre) of
water 1 degree celsius (calorie/cal)
-total food energy per serving
-1 cal=4.2 kilojouls
Calories of
1. Carbs
2. Fat
3. Protein - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1. 4 cal/g
2. 9 cal/g
3. 4 cal/g
Grams - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔units of weight
-g= cubic centimetre (cc) or millilitre (mL) of H2O under defined conditions of
temperature and pressure
Dietary Supplements - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔pills, liquids, powders that contain
purified nutrients or other ingredients
Elemental Diets - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔purified ingredients of known chemical
component
-intended to supply all essential nutrients to ppl who cannot eat foods
Non nutrients - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔compounds other than 6 nutrients that
present in foods and have biological activity in body
