2024
September OSPE notes
,Table of Contents
Case 8 – Functional Histology Practical: The Gastrointestinal System 2024 ............ 2
CASE 8 – ANATOMY LECTURE 1 ........................................................................... 10
Case 9 Anatomy of the Hepatobilliary system posterior abdominal wall: Liver ...... 27
Case 9: Liver Histology prac ............................................................................... 36
Normal liver histology: ....................................................................................... 36
In the Liver: ............................................................................................................................ 41
Case 10: Functional Histology of the kidney........................................................ 44
B. Study the general histological organization of the kidney. ....................................................... 45
D. Renal cortex. ....................................................................................................................... 48
E. Renal tubules. ...................................................................................................................... 53
1
, Case 8 – Functional Histology Practical: The
Gastrointestinal System 2024
Examine the CS27 CS29 CS31 CS 32 CS34
general Oesophagus Stomach Duodenum Ileum_02/Il COLON
morphology at
new uem SEC
low
magnification
(1.25x-2.5x)
Describe the -Folded lumen - Folded -Villi but not Columnar -Simple
diagnostic -Stratified lumen prominent epithelium columnar
features based squamous (less -Columnar with goblet epithelium
on overall epithelium prominent epithelium cells with goblet
SHAPE/DESIGN/ -Mucous than with goblet -Villi but not cells
ARCHITECTURE glands too prominent
oesophag cells
that is -Skeletal us) -Brunner’s
specific for muscle
each region of -Mucosa – glands in
the intestinal Columnar submucosa
tract. (Hint! epithelial -Muscularis
Think of cells externa –
having to draw (protrude smooth
a down to muscle
sketch that form -Adipose
represents your glands) tissue in
description). Muscularis submucosa
externa –
oblique,
longitudin
al and
circular
Examine the There are There are There are There are Large
submucosa glands present many glands – some glands lymphoid
and determine – release glands in specifically in the folliles
if there are mucous to the Brunner’s submucosa
facilitate easy glands
2
, glands present. passage of submucos -Prominent
Also look for food a peyers patch
prominent -Also lymphoid
lymphoid follicles follicles
Is there a There is There is Both Serosa Serosa that
serosa or adventitia serosa adventitia contains fat-
adventitia? and serosa filled pouches
Revise the called epiploic
difference appendages
between the
serosa and
adventitia.
Examine the Mucosa – Mucosa – Mucosa – Columnar Simple
epithelium stratified columnar columnar epithelial columnar
lining the lumen squamous epithelium epithelium cells epithelium
at high
magnification
epithelium Glands - surround the -Muscularis
(20-40x). Cuboidal villi externa –
Identify the epithelium -Move down longitudinal
different cells into Crypts of layer is not
that make up liberkhaun continuous –
the the layer is
entire
gathered into
epithelial
layer in each three ribbons
segment of the called taenia
intestinal coli. Form
tract (including pockets called
within haustra
tubular glands).
Note down
where each cell
type is
located (surface,
deep in
the glands,
midway etc)
Determine the Transverse Longitudin Longitudinal Longitudinal/t
orientation section al rabsverse
of the muscle
cells in the
muscularis
externa. Has the
section been cut
in a
transverse or
longitudinal
plane?
3
September OSPE notes
,Table of Contents
Case 8 – Functional Histology Practical: The Gastrointestinal System 2024 ............ 2
CASE 8 – ANATOMY LECTURE 1 ........................................................................... 10
Case 9 Anatomy of the Hepatobilliary system posterior abdominal wall: Liver ...... 27
Case 9: Liver Histology prac ............................................................................... 36
Normal liver histology: ....................................................................................... 36
In the Liver: ............................................................................................................................ 41
Case 10: Functional Histology of the kidney........................................................ 44
B. Study the general histological organization of the kidney. ....................................................... 45
D. Renal cortex. ....................................................................................................................... 48
E. Renal tubules. ...................................................................................................................... 53
1
, Case 8 – Functional Histology Practical: The
Gastrointestinal System 2024
Examine the CS27 CS29 CS31 CS 32 CS34
general Oesophagus Stomach Duodenum Ileum_02/Il COLON
morphology at
new uem SEC
low
magnification
(1.25x-2.5x)
Describe the -Folded lumen - Folded -Villi but not Columnar -Simple
diagnostic -Stratified lumen prominent epithelium columnar
features based squamous (less -Columnar with goblet epithelium
on overall epithelium prominent epithelium cells with goblet
SHAPE/DESIGN/ -Mucous than with goblet -Villi but not cells
ARCHITECTURE glands too prominent
oesophag cells
that is -Skeletal us) -Brunner’s
specific for muscle
each region of -Mucosa – glands in
the intestinal Columnar submucosa
tract. (Hint! epithelial -Muscularis
Think of cells externa –
having to draw (protrude smooth
a down to muscle
sketch that form -Adipose
represents your glands) tissue in
description). Muscularis submucosa
externa –
oblique,
longitudin
al and
circular
Examine the There are There are There are There are Large
submucosa glands present many glands – some glands lymphoid
and determine – release glands in specifically in the folliles
if there are mucous to the Brunner’s submucosa
facilitate easy glands
2
, glands present. passage of submucos -Prominent
Also look for food a peyers patch
prominent -Also lymphoid
lymphoid follicles follicles
Is there a There is There is Both Serosa Serosa that
serosa or adventitia serosa adventitia contains fat-
adventitia? and serosa filled pouches
Revise the called epiploic
difference appendages
between the
serosa and
adventitia.
Examine the Mucosa – Mucosa – Mucosa – Columnar Simple
epithelium stratified columnar columnar epithelial columnar
lining the lumen squamous epithelium epithelium cells epithelium
at high
magnification
epithelium Glands - surround the -Muscularis
(20-40x). Cuboidal villi externa –
Identify the epithelium -Move down longitudinal
different cells into Crypts of layer is not
that make up liberkhaun continuous –
the the layer is
entire
gathered into
epithelial
layer in each three ribbons
segment of the called taenia
intestinal coli. Form
tract (including pockets called
within haustra
tubular glands).
Note down
where each cell
type is
located (surface,
deep in
the glands,
midway etc)
Determine the Transverse Longitudin Longitudinal Longitudinal/t
orientation section al rabsverse
of the muscle
cells in the
muscularis
externa. Has the
section been cut
in a
transverse or
longitudinal
plane?
3
