,Chapter 01: The Evolution of Professional Nursing
x x x x x x
Cherry and Jacob: Contemporary Nursing: Issues, Trends, and Management, 8th
x x x x x x x x x x
Edition
MULTIPLExCHOICE
1. WhatxaccomplishmentxisxClaraxBartonxbestxknownxfor?
a. Becomingxthexfirstxblackxpublicxhealthxnurse
b. EstablishingxthexHenryxStreetxSettlement
c. FoundingxthexAmericanxRedxCross
d. Publicizingxthexinadequaciesxofxhospital-basedxnursingxschools
ANS:x C
ThexAmericanxRedxCrossxwasxfoundedxbyxClaraxBartonxinx1882,xtoxbexofxassistancexinxeffortsxt
oxprovidexsuppliesxtoxthexbattlefieldsxandxhospitals.xBartonxalsoxsetsxupxaxpostwarxservicextoxfin
dxmissingxsoldiers.
DIF: Knowledge
2. Studentsxarexassignedxtoxwritextoxtheirxstatexleadersxaboutxanxissuexaffectingxtheirxcommunity.x
Onexstudentxwritesxaboutxthexneedxamongxruralxcommunityxforxgreaterxaccessxtoxacutexcarexser
vices.xWhichxpiecexofxlegislationxshouldxthexstudentxusexasxaxreference?
a. SocialxSecurityxAct
b. Hill-BurtonxAct
c. Sheppard-TownerxAct
d. U.S.xCivilxServicexAct
NURSINGKING.COM
ANS:x B
ThexpurposexofxthexHill-
BurtonxActxwasxtoxprovidexfundingxtoxconstructxhospitalsxandxtoxhelpxstatesxinxplanxforxotherxhe
althxcarexfacilitiesxinxaccordancexwithxthexneedsxofxcommunities.
DIF: Knowledge
3. ThexpracticexofxpublicxhealthxnursingxandxthexHenryxStreetxSettlementxarexcreditedxto
a. MaryxBreckenridge.
b. MaryxSeacole.
c. ClaraxBarton.
d. LillianxWald.
ANS:x D
LillianxWald,xaxpioneerxinxpublicxhealthxnursing,xisxbestxknownxforxthexdevelopmentxandxe
stablishmentxofxthexHenryxStreetxSettlement.
DIF: Knowledge
4. Occupationalxhealthxnursingxfeaturesxbeliefsxsimilarxtoxthosexofxwhichxearlyxnursingxpioneer?
a. LillianxWald
b. FlorencexNightingale
c. ClaraxBarton
d. MaryxSeacole
, ANS:x A
LillianxWaldxwasxaxpioneerxinxpublicxhealthxnursing,xandxisxbestxknownxforxthexdevelopmentxa
ndxestablishmentxofxthexfirstxviablexpracticexforxpublicxhealthxnurses.
DIF: Comprehension
5. Whatxhistoricalxeventxfirstxledxtoxthexrecognitionxofxthexcontributionxofxblacksxtoxnursing?
a. FlorencexNightingale’sxacceptancexofxblackxnursesxintoxthexfirstxnursingxschool
b. ThexcontributionsxofxblackxnursesxatxthexPennsylvaniaxHospital,xthexfirstxhospitalxinx
America
c. MaryxWilliamsxandxFrancesxRosexarexlistedxasxnursesxinxthexCityxofxBaltimorex
Directory.
d. Thexworkxdonexbyxwivesxofxwealthyxblackxnoblesxwhoxcarriedxfoodxandxmedicinexf
romxhousextoxhousexduringxthexMiddlexAges
ANS:x C
1840—
Twoxblackxwomen,xMaryxWilliamsxandxFrancesxRose,xwhoxfoundedxNursingxSistersxofxthexHoly
xCross,xarexlistedxasxnursesxinxthexCityxofxBaltimorexDirectory.
DIF: Comprehension
6. WorldxWarxIxcontributedx toxthexadvancementxofxhealthxcarexby
a. increasingxthexnumberxofxprivatexcarexhospitalsxandxdecreasingxthexrolexofxpublicxh
ealthxservices.
b. employingxaxlargexnumberxofxciviliansxtoxprovidexcarextoxreturningxsoldiersxthroughxt
hexRedxCross.
c. introducingxspecialistsxinxnursingxsuchxasxnursexanesthetists.
d. increasingxthexnumberxofxN coUmRmSuInN
ityGK
heIalNthGn.uC
rsO
esM.
ANS:x C
WorldxWarxIxofferedxnursesxaxchancextoxenterxnewxfieldsxofxspecialization,xasxisxseenxinxthexe
xamplexofxnursexanesthetists,xwhoxbecamexpartxofxsurgicalxteamsxatxthexfrontxlines.
DIF: Comprehension
7. WhatxwasxanxoriginalxpurposexofxthexSocialxSecurityxActxofx1935?
a. Increasexresearchxthatxfocusedxonxminorityxgroups
b. Providexmedicalxcarexforxchemicallyximpairedxpersons
c. Ensurexhealthxcarexforxolderxadultsxthroughxaxnationalxinsurancexsystem
d. Decreasexthexpublic’sxfinancialxburdenxbyxlimitingxservicesxofferedxbyxlocalxhealthxd
epartments
ANS:x C
Byxprovidingxhealthxinsurancexforxolderxadults,xthexSocialxSecurityxActxofx1935xsetxthexprece
dentxforxthexpassagexofxthexMedicarexandxMedicaidxActsxthatxfollowedxinx1965,xbutxthexactxals
oxprovidedxmaternalxandxchildxwelfarexservices,xrehabilitationxforxthexmentallyxandxphysicall
yxchallenged,xmedicalxcarexforxblindxindividualsxandxcrippledxchildren,xandxunemploymentxb
enefits.
DIF: Comprehension
, 8. Axclientxasksxthexnurse,x“CanxyouxexplainxthexamendmentxtoxthexSocialxSecurityxActxcalledxT
itlexXVIIIxtoxme?”xThexnursexdemonstratesxanxunderstandingxofxthisxlegislationxwhenxprovi
dingxwhatxresponse?
a. Itxledxtoxmanyxhospitalxclosings,xalongxwithxaxdecreasexinxacutexcarexhospital–
basedxnursingxcare.
b. Itxprovidedxmedicalxinsurancextoxthosex youngerxadultsxorxchildrenxwhoxwerexnotxe
ligiblexforxprivatexinsurancexbecausexofxcatastrophicxillnessesxsuchxasxcancer.
c. Itxprovidedxpreventivexcarexforxwomen,xinfants,xandxchildren.
d. Itxensuredxthatxindividualsxwithxend-stagexrenalxdiseasexhadxhealthxcarexinsurance.
ANS:x D
ThexMedicarexprogramxprovidesxhospitalxinsurance,xPartxA,xandxmedicalxinsurance,xPartxB,xtoxa
llxpeoplexagedx65xandxolderxwhoxarexeligiblextoxreceivexSocialxSecurityxbenefits;xpeoplexwithxtot
al,xpermanentxdisabilities;xandxpeoplexwithxend-stagexrenalxdisease.
DIF:x Comprehension
9. Axcomparisonxofxnursingxinxthex1980sxtoxnursingxinxthex1990sxrevealsxwhatxfactorxthatxc
ontributesxtoxhealthxcarexasxwexknowxitxtoday?
a. Inxthex1990sxnursingxexperiencedxaxsignificantxreductionxoccurredxinxpreventablex
diseasesxcausedxbyxunsafe/unhealthyxlifestyles.
b. Tuberculosisxwasxthexprimaryxconcernxforxnursingxinxthex1980s,xwhereasxthexAIDSxe
pidemicxemergedxandxwasxitsxfocusxduringxthex1990s.
c. Axdecreasexinxambulatoryxservicesxinxthex1980sxpromptedxanxincreasexinxpublicxh
ealthxnursesxinxthex1990s.
d. Thexdemandxforxadvancedxpracticexnursesxincreasedxinxthex1980sxandxthex1990sxb
ecausexofxthexeconomyxaN ndUR
coSnI
ceNrnGaKbI
ouNtGth.eChOeaMlthxofxthexnation.
ANS:x D
Thexnumbersxofxadvancedxnursexpractitionersxincreasedxasxevidencexofxtheirxcost-
effectivenessxasxprovidersxofxprimaryxandxpreventivexhealthxcarexbecamexestablished.
DIF:x Comprehension
10. Whichxstatementxaccuratelyxdescribesxthexhistoricalxperspectivexofxnursingxpractice?
a. Nursingxhasxexistedxtoxmeetxthexneedsxofxpopulations,xindividuals,xandxaggregatesxb
yxprovidingxcarexthatxisxdeterminedxbyxthexneedsxandxbeliefsxofxsocietyxinxdifferentxhi
storicalxcontexts.
b. Asxmenxbeganxtoxbecomexinterestedxinxnursing,xitxchangedxintoxaxrespectedxp
rofessionxbasedxonxscientificxfactxratherxthanxsuperstition.
c. Nursingxhasxhistoricallyxacceptedxindividualsxfromxallxsocialxandxethnicx
backgrounds.
d. ThexUnitedxStatesxhasxledxthexwayxthroughoutxhistoryxtoxadvancexnursingxandxh
ealthxcarexbyxprovidingxthexfirstxhospitalxandxmedicalxschool.
ANS:x A
Nursingxhasxexistedxsincexbiblicalxtimesxtoxaddressxneedsxrangingxfromxcontagiousxdiseasesxinxe
arlyxtimesxtoxhealthxpreventionxinxthexpresentxtime,xwithxcarexbasedxonxhealthxneedsxandxbeliefsx
ofxthextime.
DIF:x Comprehension
x x x x x x
Cherry and Jacob: Contemporary Nursing: Issues, Trends, and Management, 8th
x x x x x x x x x x
Edition
MULTIPLExCHOICE
1. WhatxaccomplishmentxisxClaraxBartonxbestxknownxfor?
a. Becomingxthexfirstxblackxpublicxhealthxnurse
b. EstablishingxthexHenryxStreetxSettlement
c. FoundingxthexAmericanxRedxCross
d. Publicizingxthexinadequaciesxofxhospital-basedxnursingxschools
ANS:x C
ThexAmericanxRedxCrossxwasxfoundedxbyxClaraxBartonxinx1882,xtoxbexofxassistancexinxeffortsxt
oxprovidexsuppliesxtoxthexbattlefieldsxandxhospitals.xBartonxalsoxsetsxupxaxpostwarxservicextoxfin
dxmissingxsoldiers.
DIF: Knowledge
2. Studentsxarexassignedxtoxwritextoxtheirxstatexleadersxaboutxanxissuexaffectingxtheirxcommunity.x
Onexstudentxwritesxaboutxthexneedxamongxruralxcommunityxforxgreaterxaccessxtoxacutexcarexser
vices.xWhichxpiecexofxlegislationxshouldxthexstudentxusexasxaxreference?
a. SocialxSecurityxAct
b. Hill-BurtonxAct
c. Sheppard-TownerxAct
d. U.S.xCivilxServicexAct
NURSINGKING.COM
ANS:x B
ThexpurposexofxthexHill-
BurtonxActxwasxtoxprovidexfundingxtoxconstructxhospitalsxandxtoxhelpxstatesxinxplanxforxotherxhe
althxcarexfacilitiesxinxaccordancexwithxthexneedsxofxcommunities.
DIF: Knowledge
3. ThexpracticexofxpublicxhealthxnursingxandxthexHenryxStreetxSettlementxarexcreditedxto
a. MaryxBreckenridge.
b. MaryxSeacole.
c. ClaraxBarton.
d. LillianxWald.
ANS:x D
LillianxWald,xaxpioneerxinxpublicxhealthxnursing,xisxbestxknownxforxthexdevelopmentxandxe
stablishmentxofxthexHenryxStreetxSettlement.
DIF: Knowledge
4. Occupationalxhealthxnursingxfeaturesxbeliefsxsimilarxtoxthosexofxwhichxearlyxnursingxpioneer?
a. LillianxWald
b. FlorencexNightingale
c. ClaraxBarton
d. MaryxSeacole
, ANS:x A
LillianxWaldxwasxaxpioneerxinxpublicxhealthxnursing,xandxisxbestxknownxforxthexdevelopmentxa
ndxestablishmentxofxthexfirstxviablexpracticexforxpublicxhealthxnurses.
DIF: Comprehension
5. Whatxhistoricalxeventxfirstxledxtoxthexrecognitionxofxthexcontributionxofxblacksxtoxnursing?
a. FlorencexNightingale’sxacceptancexofxblackxnursesxintoxthexfirstxnursingxschool
b. ThexcontributionsxofxblackxnursesxatxthexPennsylvaniaxHospital,xthexfirstxhospitalxinx
America
c. MaryxWilliamsxandxFrancesxRosexarexlistedxasxnursesxinxthexCityxofxBaltimorex
Directory.
d. Thexworkxdonexbyxwivesxofxwealthyxblackxnoblesxwhoxcarriedxfoodxandxmedicinexf
romxhousextoxhousexduringxthexMiddlexAges
ANS:x C
1840—
Twoxblackxwomen,xMaryxWilliamsxandxFrancesxRose,xwhoxfoundedxNursingxSistersxofxthexHoly
xCross,xarexlistedxasxnursesxinxthexCityxofxBaltimorexDirectory.
DIF: Comprehension
6. WorldxWarxIxcontributedx toxthexadvancementxofxhealthxcarexby
a. increasingxthexnumberxofxprivatexcarexhospitalsxandxdecreasingxthexrolexofxpublicxh
ealthxservices.
b. employingxaxlargexnumberxofxciviliansxtoxprovidexcarextoxreturningxsoldiersxthroughxt
hexRedxCross.
c. introducingxspecialistsxinxnursingxsuchxasxnursexanesthetists.
d. increasingxthexnumberxofxN coUmRmSuInN
ityGK
heIalNthGn.uC
rsO
esM.
ANS:x C
WorldxWarxIxofferedxnursesxaxchancextoxenterxnewxfieldsxofxspecialization,xasxisxseenxinxthexe
xamplexofxnursexanesthetists,xwhoxbecamexpartxofxsurgicalxteamsxatxthexfrontxlines.
DIF: Comprehension
7. WhatxwasxanxoriginalxpurposexofxthexSocialxSecurityxActxofx1935?
a. Increasexresearchxthatxfocusedxonxminorityxgroups
b. Providexmedicalxcarexforxchemicallyximpairedxpersons
c. Ensurexhealthxcarexforxolderxadultsxthroughxaxnationalxinsurancexsystem
d. Decreasexthexpublic’sxfinancialxburdenxbyxlimitingxservicesxofferedxbyxlocalxhealthxd
epartments
ANS:x C
Byxprovidingxhealthxinsurancexforxolderxadults,xthexSocialxSecurityxActxofx1935xsetxthexprece
dentxforxthexpassagexofxthexMedicarexandxMedicaidxActsxthatxfollowedxinx1965,xbutxthexactxals
oxprovidedxmaternalxandxchildxwelfarexservices,xrehabilitationxforxthexmentallyxandxphysicall
yxchallenged,xmedicalxcarexforxblindxindividualsxandxcrippledxchildren,xandxunemploymentxb
enefits.
DIF: Comprehension
, 8. Axclientxasksxthexnurse,x“CanxyouxexplainxthexamendmentxtoxthexSocialxSecurityxActxcalledxT
itlexXVIIIxtoxme?”xThexnursexdemonstratesxanxunderstandingxofxthisxlegislationxwhenxprovi
dingxwhatxresponse?
a. Itxledxtoxmanyxhospitalxclosings,xalongxwithxaxdecreasexinxacutexcarexhospital–
basedxnursingxcare.
b. Itxprovidedxmedicalxinsurancextoxthosex youngerxadultsxorxchildrenxwhoxwerexnotxe
ligiblexforxprivatexinsurancexbecausexofxcatastrophicxillnessesxsuchxasxcancer.
c. Itxprovidedxpreventivexcarexforxwomen,xinfants,xandxchildren.
d. Itxensuredxthatxindividualsxwithxend-stagexrenalxdiseasexhadxhealthxcarexinsurance.
ANS:x D
ThexMedicarexprogramxprovidesxhospitalxinsurance,xPartxA,xandxmedicalxinsurance,xPartxB,xtoxa
llxpeoplexagedx65xandxolderxwhoxarexeligiblextoxreceivexSocialxSecurityxbenefits;xpeoplexwithxtot
al,xpermanentxdisabilities;xandxpeoplexwithxend-stagexrenalxdisease.
DIF:x Comprehension
9. Axcomparisonxofxnursingxinxthex1980sxtoxnursingxinxthex1990sxrevealsxwhatxfactorxthatxc
ontributesxtoxhealthxcarexasxwexknowxitxtoday?
a. Inxthex1990sxnursingxexperiencedxaxsignificantxreductionxoccurredxinxpreventablex
diseasesxcausedxbyxunsafe/unhealthyxlifestyles.
b. Tuberculosisxwasxthexprimaryxconcernxforxnursingxinxthex1980s,xwhereasxthexAIDSxe
pidemicxemergedxandxwasxitsxfocusxduringxthex1990s.
c. Axdecreasexinxambulatoryxservicesxinxthex1980sxpromptedxanxincreasexinxpublicxh
ealthxnursesxinxthex1990s.
d. Thexdemandxforxadvancedxpracticexnursesxincreasedxinxthex1980sxandxthex1990sxb
ecausexofxthexeconomyxaN ndUR
coSnI
ceNrnGaKbI
ouNtGth.eChOeaMlthxofxthexnation.
ANS:x D
Thexnumbersxofxadvancedxnursexpractitionersxincreasedxasxevidencexofxtheirxcost-
effectivenessxasxprovidersxofxprimaryxandxpreventivexhealthxcarexbecamexestablished.
DIF:x Comprehension
10. Whichxstatementxaccuratelyxdescribesxthexhistoricalxperspectivexofxnursingxpractice?
a. Nursingxhasxexistedxtoxmeetxthexneedsxofxpopulations,xindividuals,xandxaggregatesxb
yxprovidingxcarexthatxisxdeterminedxbyxthexneedsxandxbeliefsxofxsocietyxinxdifferentxhi
storicalxcontexts.
b. Asxmenxbeganxtoxbecomexinterestedxinxnursing,xitxchangedxintoxaxrespectedxp
rofessionxbasedxonxscientificxfactxratherxthanxsuperstition.
c. Nursingxhasxhistoricallyxacceptedxindividualsxfromxallxsocialxandxethnicx
backgrounds.
d. ThexUnitedxStatesxhasxledxthexwayxthroughoutxhistoryxtoxadvancexnursingxandxh
ealthxcarexbyxprovidingxthexfirstxhospitalxandxmedicalxschool.
ANS:x A
Nursingxhasxexistedxsincexbiblicalxtimesxtoxaddressxneedsxrangingxfromxcontagiousxdiseasesxinxe
arlyxtimesxtoxhealthxpreventionxinxthexpresentxtime,xwithxcarexbasedxonxhealthxneedsxandxbeliefsx
ofxthextime.
DIF:x Comprehension
