MN 553 FINAL EXAM (2024/2025) QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS || ALREADY GRADED A+ <RECENT VERSION>

MN 553 FINAL EXAM (2024/2025) QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS || ALREADY GRADED A+ &lt;RECENT VERSION&gt; 1. Allison is an 18-year-old college student with type 1 diabetes. She is on NPH twice daily and Novo log before meals. She usually walks for 40 minutes each evening as part of her exercise regimen. She is beginning a 30-minute swimming class three times a week at 1 p.m. What is important for her to do with this change in routine? Question options: A. Delay eating the midday meal until after the swimming class. B. Increase the morning dose of NPH insulin on days of the swimming class. C. Adjust the morning insulin injection so that the peak occurs while swimming. D. Check glucose level before, during, and after swimming. - ANSWER D. Check glucose level before, during, and after swimming. 2. Sophie presents to the clinic with a malodorous vaginal discharge and is confirmed to have Trichomonas infection. Treatment for her would include: Question options: A. Metronidazole 2 grams PO x 1 dose B. Topical intravaginal metronidazole daily x 7 days C. Intravaginal clindamycin daily x 7 days D. Azithromycin 2 grams PO x 1 dose - ANSWER A. Metronidazole 2 grams PO x 1 dose 3. True contraindications to diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis (DTaP or Tdap) vaccine include: Question options: A. Fever up to 104oF (40.5oC) after previous DTaP vaccine B. Family history of seizures after DTaP vaccine C. Adolescent pregnancy D. Anaphylactic reaction with a previous dose - ANSWER D. Anaphylactic reaction with a previous dose 4. Patients who have a poor metabolism phenotype will have: Question options: A. Slowed metabolism of a prodrug into an active drug, leading to accumulation of Prodrug B. Accumulation of inactive metabolites of drugs C. A need for increased dosages of medications D. Increased elimination of an active drug - ANSWER A. Slowed metabolism of a prodrug into an active drug, leading to accumulation of Prodrug 5. Pharmacoeconomics is: 6. Question options: A. The study of the part of the U.S. economy devoted to drug use B. The study of the impact of prescription drug costs on the overall economy C. The analysis of the costs and consequences of any health-care-related treatment or service D. The analysis of the clinical efficacy of the drug - ANSWER C. The analysis of the costs and consequences of any health-care-related treatment or service 7. Which diuretic agents typically do not need potassium supplementation? Question options: A. The loop diuretics B. The thiazide diuretics C. The aldosterone inhibitors D. They all need supplementation - ANSWER C. The aldosterone inhibitors 8. Isosorbide dinitrate is prescribed for a patient with chronic stable angina. This drug is administered twice daily, but the schedule is 7 a.m. and 2 p.m. because: Question options: A. It is a long-acting drug with potential for toxicity. B. Nitrate tolerance can develop. C. Orthostatic hypotension is a common adverse effect. D. It must be taken with milk or food. - ANSWER B. Nitrate tolerance can develop. 9. Absolute contraindications that clinicians must consider when initiating estrogen therapy include: Question options: A. Undiagnosed dysfunctional uterine bleeding B. Deep vein or arterial thromboemboli within the prior year C. Endometriosis D. Both a. and b. E. All of the above - ANSWER D. Both a. and b. 10. Severe contact dermatitis caused by poison ivy or poison oak exposure often requires treatment with: Question options: A. Topical antipruritics B. Oral corticosteroids for 2 to 3 weeks C. Thickly applied topical intermediate-dose corticosteroids D. Isolation of the patient to prevent spread of the dermatitis - ANSWER B. Oral corticosteroids for 2 to 3 weeks 11. What is the role of calcium supplements when patients take bisphosphonates? Question options: A. They must be restricted to allow the medication to work. B. They must be taken in sufficient amounts to provide foundational elements for bone growth. C. They must be taken at the same time as the bisphosphonates. D. They only work with bisphosphonates if daily intake is restricted. - ANSWER B. They must be taken in sufficient amounts to provide foundational elements for bone growth. 12. Class I recommendations for stage A heart failure include: Question options: A. Aerobic exercise within tolerance levels to prevent the development of heart failure B. Reduction of sodium intake to less than 2,000 mg/day to prevent fluid retention C. Beta blockers for all patients regardless of cardiac history D. Treatment of thyroid disorders, especially if they are associated with Tachyarrhythmias - ANSWER D. Treatment of thyroid disorders, especially if they are associated with Tachyarrhythmias 13. Rose is a 3-year-old patient with an upper respiratory infection (URI). Treatment for her URI would include: Question options: A. Amoxicillin B. Diphenhydramine C. Pseudoephedrine D. Nasal saline spray - ANSWER D. Nasal saline spray 14. The action of "gliptins" is different from other antidiabetic agents because they: 15. Question options: A. Have a low risk for hypoglycemia B. Are not associated with weight gain C. Close ATP-dependent potassium channels in the beta cell D. Act on the incretin system to indirectly increase insulin production - ANSWER D. Act on the incretin system to indirectly increase insulin production 16. The role of the NP in the use of herbal medication is to: Question options: A. Maintain competence in the prescribing of common herbal remedies B. Recommend common over-the-counter herbs to patients C. Educate patients and guide them to appropriate sources of care D. Encourage patients to not use herbal therapy due to the documented dangers - ANSWER C. Educate patients and guide them to appropriate sources of care 17. Vicky, age 56 years, comes to the clinic requesting a refill of her Fiorinal (aspirin and butalbital) that she takes for migraines. She has been taking this medication for over 2 years for migraines and states one dose usually works to abort her migraine. What is the best care for her? Question options: A. Switch her to sumatriptan (Imitrex) to treat her migraines. B. Assess how often she is using Fiorinal and refill her medication. C. Switch her to a beta blocker such as propranolol to prevent her migraine. D. Request she return to the original prescriber of Fiorinal as you do not prescribe butalbital for migraines. - ANSWER B. Assess how often she is using Fiorinal and refill her medication.