Kyles Aviation Selection Test Battery (ASTB)
doc With Complete Solutions
empennage
the tail assembly of an aircraft.
fuselage
the main body or head of an aircraft
Vertical Stabilizer
A vertically oriented airfoil at the back of an airplane that resists left and right
movements.
Horizontal Stabilizer
An airfoil (usually at the back of an airplane) that resists up and down changes in
motion.
Stabilator
One-piece horizontal stabilizer
Flaps (aft edge)
,Control surfaces attached to the trailing edge of the wing extending outward from the
fuselage to the midpoint of each wing. Flaps can increase the lifting efficiency of the
wing and decrease stall speed.
slats (front edge)
extend to maintain lift at low air speeds
aircraft spoilers
hinged panels that move upward after landing and destroy the residual lift in order to
put the plane's full weight on the landing gear and maximize tire friction on the
runway
spar
main structural member inside cach wing of an airplane which runs the length of the
wing
Shaped ribs
are attached perpendicularly to the spar or spars in order to provide the wing with
more structure and greater strength
skin
aluminim (in most cases) attatches to the framework of the spar and ribs
swept wings
are used on high speed aircraft because they reduce drag and allow the airplane to
fly at higher Mach numbers. they have a strong tip stall tendency.
Aileron
Small-hinged sections on the outboard portion of a wing that are used to generate a
rolling motion for an aircraft. (used to perform banking turns)
, trim tab
act to change the aerodynamic load on the surface and reduce the need for constant
pilot pressure on the control column (or joystick) and left and right pedal
turbines consist of
turboprop, turbojet, turbofan
afterburner
an extended nozzle in some turbojet engines that uses hot exhaust gases to burn
extra fuel for additional thrust (military power)
reverse thrust
is used after landing to shorten the ground roll, the runway distance required by the
decelerating airplane.
Turboprop reverse thrust
involves the rotation of propeller blades (3-6 typically) to a blade angle that causes
air to be forced forward (away from the plane), not backward over the wings and tail
surfaces.
buckets, or clamshell doors
Rounded metallic pieces on the back of each cach engine. When deployed, they
stop the engine exhaust from going aft and direct the hot airflow forward at an angle.
pivoting doors
located roughly halfway along the engine, ( 4 on each ) and direct the thrust forward.
Aerodynamic forces
Weight, lift, thrust, drag
"Banking" or tightly maneuvering causes an aircraft's G forces (overall weight) to
increase
Lift
acts perpendicular to the direction of flight through the airfoil's center of pressure or
center of lift
airfoils
doc With Complete Solutions
empennage
the tail assembly of an aircraft.
fuselage
the main body or head of an aircraft
Vertical Stabilizer
A vertically oriented airfoil at the back of an airplane that resists left and right
movements.
Horizontal Stabilizer
An airfoil (usually at the back of an airplane) that resists up and down changes in
motion.
Stabilator
One-piece horizontal stabilizer
Flaps (aft edge)
,Control surfaces attached to the trailing edge of the wing extending outward from the
fuselage to the midpoint of each wing. Flaps can increase the lifting efficiency of the
wing and decrease stall speed.
slats (front edge)
extend to maintain lift at low air speeds
aircraft spoilers
hinged panels that move upward after landing and destroy the residual lift in order to
put the plane's full weight on the landing gear and maximize tire friction on the
runway
spar
main structural member inside cach wing of an airplane which runs the length of the
wing
Shaped ribs
are attached perpendicularly to the spar or spars in order to provide the wing with
more structure and greater strength
skin
aluminim (in most cases) attatches to the framework of the spar and ribs
swept wings
are used on high speed aircraft because they reduce drag and allow the airplane to
fly at higher Mach numbers. they have a strong tip stall tendency.
Aileron
Small-hinged sections on the outboard portion of a wing that are used to generate a
rolling motion for an aircraft. (used to perform banking turns)
, trim tab
act to change the aerodynamic load on the surface and reduce the need for constant
pilot pressure on the control column (or joystick) and left and right pedal
turbines consist of
turboprop, turbojet, turbofan
afterburner
an extended nozzle in some turbojet engines that uses hot exhaust gases to burn
extra fuel for additional thrust (military power)
reverse thrust
is used after landing to shorten the ground roll, the runway distance required by the
decelerating airplane.
Turboprop reverse thrust
involves the rotation of propeller blades (3-6 typically) to a blade angle that causes
air to be forced forward (away from the plane), not backward over the wings and tail
surfaces.
buckets, or clamshell doors
Rounded metallic pieces on the back of each cach engine. When deployed, they
stop the engine exhaust from going aft and direct the hot airflow forward at an angle.
pivoting doors
located roughly halfway along the engine, ( 4 on each ) and direct the thrust forward.
Aerodynamic forces
Weight, lift, thrust, drag
"Banking" or tightly maneuvering causes an aircraft's G forces (overall weight) to
increase
Lift
acts perpendicular to the direction of flight through the airfoil's center of pressure or
center of lift
airfoils
