NURS 3530&3525 Cardiovascular Disorders Overview Exam
With Complete Solutions
Cardiac Action Potential - ANSWER The electrical activation of the cell caused by influx
of sodium into cell while potassium exits the cell.
Depolarization - ANSWER Electrical activation of the cell caused by influx of sodium into
cell while potassium exits the cell - this makes the cell less negative.
Repolarization- ANSWER Return of the cell to a resting state caused by reentry of
potassium into the cell while sodium exits.
Effective refractory periods- ANSWER Cells cannot depolarize.
Relative refractory- ANSWER Cells require stronger than normal stimulus to depolarize.
Sinus rhythm- ANSWER Regular rhythm with 1 p wave before each QRS complex, rate
60 - 100.
Sinus bradycardia- ANSWER Rate less than 60.
Sinus tachycardia - ANSWER Rate above 100.
Cardiac Output (CO) - ANSWER The volume of blood your heart pumps in one minute.
Heart Rate (HR) - ANSWER Times your heart beats within one minute.
Stroke Volume (SV) - ANSWER Blood pumped from heart with one contraction.
Ejection Fraction (EF) - ANSWER A percentage indicating how much of the blood in the
heart is ejected with each heartbeat.
, Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) - ANSWER The average pressure in your arteries during
one heartbeat.
MAP Formula - ANSWER SBP + 2 (DBP)/3.
Cardiac Output Formula - ANSWER CO = HR X Stroke Volume.
Angina pectoris - ANSWER Chest pain when there is an inadequate supply of air or
blood to the heart.
Risk factors for Coronary Artery Disease-ANSWER Elevated LDL, Tobacco use,
hypertension, diabetes metabolic syndrome.
Assessment of Angina-ANSWER Includes VS, observation for respiratory distress, and
assessment of pain.
Nursing interventions for Angina-ANSWER Patient should stop all activity and sit or rest
in bed (SEMI FOWLER).
Acute Myocardial Infarction-ANSWER Acute onset of myocardial ischemia that results in
myocardial death (MI).
Nursing Management of Coronary Vascular Disorders - ANSWER Relieve pain and S&S
of ischemia, improve respiratory function, and promote adequate tissue perfusion.
Invasive Coronary Artery Procedures - ANSWER PTCA is a medical procedure done to
open blocked or narrowed coronary arteries.
CABG - ANSWER Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting is a surgical procedure done to treat
CAD.
With Complete Solutions
Cardiac Action Potential - ANSWER The electrical activation of the cell caused by influx
of sodium into cell while potassium exits the cell.
Depolarization - ANSWER Electrical activation of the cell caused by influx of sodium into
cell while potassium exits the cell - this makes the cell less negative.
Repolarization- ANSWER Return of the cell to a resting state caused by reentry of
potassium into the cell while sodium exits.
Effective refractory periods- ANSWER Cells cannot depolarize.
Relative refractory- ANSWER Cells require stronger than normal stimulus to depolarize.
Sinus rhythm- ANSWER Regular rhythm with 1 p wave before each QRS complex, rate
60 - 100.
Sinus bradycardia- ANSWER Rate less than 60.
Sinus tachycardia - ANSWER Rate above 100.
Cardiac Output (CO) - ANSWER The volume of blood your heart pumps in one minute.
Heart Rate (HR) - ANSWER Times your heart beats within one minute.
Stroke Volume (SV) - ANSWER Blood pumped from heart with one contraction.
Ejection Fraction (EF) - ANSWER A percentage indicating how much of the blood in the
heart is ejected with each heartbeat.
, Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) - ANSWER The average pressure in your arteries during
one heartbeat.
MAP Formula - ANSWER SBP + 2 (DBP)/3.
Cardiac Output Formula - ANSWER CO = HR X Stroke Volume.
Angina pectoris - ANSWER Chest pain when there is an inadequate supply of air or
blood to the heart.
Risk factors for Coronary Artery Disease-ANSWER Elevated LDL, Tobacco use,
hypertension, diabetes metabolic syndrome.
Assessment of Angina-ANSWER Includes VS, observation for respiratory distress, and
assessment of pain.
Nursing interventions for Angina-ANSWER Patient should stop all activity and sit or rest
in bed (SEMI FOWLER).
Acute Myocardial Infarction-ANSWER Acute onset of myocardial ischemia that results in
myocardial death (MI).
Nursing Management of Coronary Vascular Disorders - ANSWER Relieve pain and S&S
of ischemia, improve respiratory function, and promote adequate tissue perfusion.
Invasive Coronary Artery Procedures - ANSWER PTCA is a medical procedure done to
open blocked or narrowed coronary arteries.
CABG - ANSWER Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting is a surgical procedure done to treat
CAD.
