NUR 2206/2207 Final Exam: Questions & Answers (A+)
Medical error Right Ans - failure of a planned action to be completed, or the
use of wrong plan to achieve an aim
Situational monitoring Right Ans - process of continual scanning your
environment
STEP is used for Right Ans - monitoring situations in the delivery of health
care
STEP stands from Right Ans - status of patient, team members,
environment, and progress toward goal
Status of patient includes... Right Ans - Pt Hx, VS, Meds, PE, Plan of Care,
Psych Issues
Team Members includes monitering .... Right Ans - Fatigue, Workload, Task
Performance, Skill, Stress
Environment monitering includes ... Right Ans - Facility Info, Admin Info,
Human Resources, and Ability to Triage Acuity. Equipment
Progress monitoring includes.. Right Ans - What is the status of Team's pts,
Do we have established goals for the Team?, What are the Teams tasks /
priority actions, Evaluate - is plan still appropriate?
Cross monitoring Right Ans - error reduction strategy to provide safety net
within the team
IM SAFE Right Ans - Illness, medication, stress, alcohol and drugs, fatigue,
eating and elimination
Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) goals Right Ans - advance
patient safety worldwide by empowering healthcare community, including
consumers, to prevent medication errors
Safety policy changes - institutional level Right Ans - bar code scanning and
safety huddles
,The Joint Commission (TJC) policy changes Right Ans - no abbreviations
Human error Right Ans - predictable, occurs with a lapse in personal
behavior, understand how mistakes are made to prevent & decrease the
probability of error
Human and systems factors Right Ans - Refers to the study of human
behavior, abilities, limitations, and other characteristics as they affect the
design and smooth operation of equipment, systems, jobs, and work
environment (AHRQ)
Adverse event (AE) Right Ans - any injury caused by medical care that does
not rise to level of being sentinel
Adverse drug event (ADE) Right Ans - specific type of AE - any injury
resulting form medical intervention related to a drug
Categories of errors Right Ans - adverse event, sentinel event, medication
error
Sentinel event Right Ans - An adverse event in which death or serious harm
to a patient occurs; usually refers to events that are not expected or
anticipated
Medication error Right Ans - Any preventable event that may cause or lead
to unintended / incorrect medication use (prescribing, dispensing and
administering)
How to identify cause of error Right Ans - Root cause analysis, and
reporting of errors
root cause analysis (RCA) Right Ans - A structured process for identifying
the causal or contributing factors underlying adverse events or other critical
incidents; Identify underlying problems that increase the likelihood of errors
while avoiding focusing on mistakes by individuals
Reporting of errors Right Ans - Blame-free, non-punitive reporting systems
,Unsafe practices Right Ans - work arounds, dangerous abbreviations,
relying on memory
Work-arounds (AHRQ) Right Ans - A deviation from the expected pattern
of work by bypassing safety features; Often the result of poorly designed
processes or equipment
Strategies to Eliminate Errors & Unsafe Practices Right Ans - Open
communication (TeamStepps), reporting systems, rounding, peer-checking,
checklists, 60-second situational awareness, pt ID, safety-enhancing
technologies
Culture of safety key components Right Ans - leadership, communication,
and the environment
Environmental safety covers.. Right Ans - falls, fire, poisoning, suffocation,
fire-arms, equipment-related accidents, procedure-related accidents
Safety for falls Right Ans - use alert bracelet, bed alarms, call bell in reach
safety for fire Right Ans - RACE: Rescue, Alarm, Contain,
Evacuate/extinguish
Safety for poisoning Right Ans - call poison control, keep pills away with
safety caps, lock cabinets with poisons
safety for suffocation Right Ans - keep plastic bags away from children
safety for firearms Right Ans - lock and keep out of reach of children and
teens
safety for equipment related accidents Right Ans - bed locks, iv pump
safeguards, 3 pronged outlets
safety for procedure related accidents Right Ans - use checklists and call
outs
asepsis Right Ans - absence of disease producing micro organisms
(pathogens)
, two levels of asepsis Right Ans - medical, surgical
surgical asepsis Right Ans - Relates to degree of asepsis (i.e. number of
micro-organisms present)
surgical asepsis - sterile technique Right Ans - goal is to ensure elimination
of all microorganisms including spores; such as through the use of sterile
gloves, instruments, gowns, masks, shoe covers
what areas of the body are sterile Right Ans - circulatory system, urinary
tract, spinal fluid, inside body cavities
what areas of the body are not sterile Right Ans - upper respiratory tract,
GI tract, skin
when to use surgical asepsis Right Ans - surgery, urinary catheterization,
central IV line dressings wound dressing
wound dressing - clean technique is used for... Right Ans - infected chronic
wounds
principles of sterile gloving Right Ans - remain above waist, keep between
your nipple line and waist, back is considered unsterile, expired is unsterile,
wet surface is unsterile
contamination Right Ans - break in aseptic technique
unclean/dirty Right Ans - pathogens present (soiled bandage)
unsterile Right Ans - potential for pathogens (e.g. sterile glove touched by
ungloved hand or a non-sterile object)
micturition is Right Ans - urination
process of micturition Right Ans - the bladder fills with urine, stretch
receptors are stimulated,
detrusor muscle contracts,
Medical error Right Ans - failure of a planned action to be completed, or the
use of wrong plan to achieve an aim
Situational monitoring Right Ans - process of continual scanning your
environment
STEP is used for Right Ans - monitoring situations in the delivery of health
care
STEP stands from Right Ans - status of patient, team members,
environment, and progress toward goal
Status of patient includes... Right Ans - Pt Hx, VS, Meds, PE, Plan of Care,
Psych Issues
Team Members includes monitering .... Right Ans - Fatigue, Workload, Task
Performance, Skill, Stress
Environment monitering includes ... Right Ans - Facility Info, Admin Info,
Human Resources, and Ability to Triage Acuity. Equipment
Progress monitoring includes.. Right Ans - What is the status of Team's pts,
Do we have established goals for the Team?, What are the Teams tasks /
priority actions, Evaluate - is plan still appropriate?
Cross monitoring Right Ans - error reduction strategy to provide safety net
within the team
IM SAFE Right Ans - Illness, medication, stress, alcohol and drugs, fatigue,
eating and elimination
Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) goals Right Ans - advance
patient safety worldwide by empowering healthcare community, including
consumers, to prevent medication errors
Safety policy changes - institutional level Right Ans - bar code scanning and
safety huddles
,The Joint Commission (TJC) policy changes Right Ans - no abbreviations
Human error Right Ans - predictable, occurs with a lapse in personal
behavior, understand how mistakes are made to prevent & decrease the
probability of error
Human and systems factors Right Ans - Refers to the study of human
behavior, abilities, limitations, and other characteristics as they affect the
design and smooth operation of equipment, systems, jobs, and work
environment (AHRQ)
Adverse event (AE) Right Ans - any injury caused by medical care that does
not rise to level of being sentinel
Adverse drug event (ADE) Right Ans - specific type of AE - any injury
resulting form medical intervention related to a drug
Categories of errors Right Ans - adverse event, sentinel event, medication
error
Sentinel event Right Ans - An adverse event in which death or serious harm
to a patient occurs; usually refers to events that are not expected or
anticipated
Medication error Right Ans - Any preventable event that may cause or lead
to unintended / incorrect medication use (prescribing, dispensing and
administering)
How to identify cause of error Right Ans - Root cause analysis, and
reporting of errors
root cause analysis (RCA) Right Ans - A structured process for identifying
the causal or contributing factors underlying adverse events or other critical
incidents; Identify underlying problems that increase the likelihood of errors
while avoiding focusing on mistakes by individuals
Reporting of errors Right Ans - Blame-free, non-punitive reporting systems
,Unsafe practices Right Ans - work arounds, dangerous abbreviations,
relying on memory
Work-arounds (AHRQ) Right Ans - A deviation from the expected pattern
of work by bypassing safety features; Often the result of poorly designed
processes or equipment
Strategies to Eliminate Errors & Unsafe Practices Right Ans - Open
communication (TeamStepps), reporting systems, rounding, peer-checking,
checklists, 60-second situational awareness, pt ID, safety-enhancing
technologies
Culture of safety key components Right Ans - leadership, communication,
and the environment
Environmental safety covers.. Right Ans - falls, fire, poisoning, suffocation,
fire-arms, equipment-related accidents, procedure-related accidents
Safety for falls Right Ans - use alert bracelet, bed alarms, call bell in reach
safety for fire Right Ans - RACE: Rescue, Alarm, Contain,
Evacuate/extinguish
Safety for poisoning Right Ans - call poison control, keep pills away with
safety caps, lock cabinets with poisons
safety for suffocation Right Ans - keep plastic bags away from children
safety for firearms Right Ans - lock and keep out of reach of children and
teens
safety for equipment related accidents Right Ans - bed locks, iv pump
safeguards, 3 pronged outlets
safety for procedure related accidents Right Ans - use checklists and call
outs
asepsis Right Ans - absence of disease producing micro organisms
(pathogens)
, two levels of asepsis Right Ans - medical, surgical
surgical asepsis Right Ans - Relates to degree of asepsis (i.e. number of
micro-organisms present)
surgical asepsis - sterile technique Right Ans - goal is to ensure elimination
of all microorganisms including spores; such as through the use of sterile
gloves, instruments, gowns, masks, shoe covers
what areas of the body are sterile Right Ans - circulatory system, urinary
tract, spinal fluid, inside body cavities
what areas of the body are not sterile Right Ans - upper respiratory tract,
GI tract, skin
when to use surgical asepsis Right Ans - surgery, urinary catheterization,
central IV line dressings wound dressing
wound dressing - clean technique is used for... Right Ans - infected chronic
wounds
principles of sterile gloving Right Ans - remain above waist, keep between
your nipple line and waist, back is considered unsterile, expired is unsterile,
wet surface is unsterile
contamination Right Ans - break in aseptic technique
unclean/dirty Right Ans - pathogens present (soiled bandage)
unsterile Right Ans - potential for pathogens (e.g. sterile glove touched by
ungloved hand or a non-sterile object)
micturition is Right Ans - urination
process of micturition Right Ans - the bladder fills with urine, stretch
receptors are stimulated,
detrusor muscle contracts,
