PSY 335 Test Questions and Correct Answers Rated A+

PSY 335 Test Questions and Correct Answers Rated A+ The increase in ___during middle childhood allows children to enter the give and take conversation successfully - Answers mentalinguistic awareness Tahir got up from his nap and said to his babysitter, Mommy gone? example of - Answers telegraphic speech Preschool children build their vocabularies at a rapid rate that requires that after the briefest encounter they can associate the word and its meaning - Answers fast mapping At Neeti's first birthday party she had a cup of ice cream. Upon finishing, she walked up to her grandmother, who had served her, and asserted "more!" - Answers holophrase A researcher showed a picture of a cartoon-like birth called a "wug". She then showed them a picture with two of them. She asked them to supply the missing world in the following sentence. "Now there are two___" - Answers wugs Mariah tells her friend that she is really proud of her daughter because her language is so advanced. She says this because they reward her with praise and attention when she speaks in grammatically correct sentences. Mariah has a ___ approach to language development - Answers learning theory As Corey entered the large playroom at a school he repeated over and over "There are lots of toys here" as if he were reassuring himself as he encountered this new environment. Talking to himself, Corey is demonstrating - Answers private speech Compared to students who speak one language, bilingual students - Answers have lower metnalinguistic awareness Compared to American mothers, Japanese mothers encourage - Answers a more expensive style of speech Longitudinal research on economic standing and language development found a positive correlation between affluence and time interacting with children. this means - Answers the more affluence the more time parents talked with their children Three month old Lionel loved to suck his fingers. He was quite fond of putting his fingers into his mouth and then pulling them out only to look them over for a minute or two before putting them back into his mouth. He repeated this behavior over and over. Lionel's behavior with his fingers illustrates - Answers primary circular reaction Piaget's stage theory is composed to a series of four universal stages that occur in a fixed order from birth through adolescence and are in chronological order - Answers sensorimotor, preoperational,, concrete operational, formal operational According to Piaget, ____ is the process in which people understand an experience in terms of their current stage of cognitive development and way of thinking - Answers assimilation According to Piaget, it is not adolescence until are around ____ years old that they are fully settled in the formal operational stage - Answers 15 Behvaior in which several schemes are combined and coordinated to generate a single act to solve a problem - Answers goal-directed behavior Thinking that reflects preschooler's use of primitive reasoning and their avid acquisition of knowledge about the world is called - Answers intuitive thought According to Bailagreon, infants have at least some understanding of object permanence as early as - Answers 3 months Three year old Dempsey insists that when his brother puts on his werewolf consume he actually becomes a werewolf. He is focusing on only one specific superficial aspect--the costume - Answers centration During the pre operational stage, children's use of ___thinking grows, mental reasoning emerges, and the use of concepts increases - Answers symbolic at the heart of one of the major advances that occurs in the pre operational period: the increasingly sophisticated use of language - Answers concrete function The knowledge that quantity is unrelated to the arrangement and physical appearance of objects is known as - Answers conservation James accidentally got his hands on a knife. When James's mother took the knife and put it where he could not reach or see it, James howled and kept trying to reach for the knife. according to piaget - Answers object permanence Six year old Roman is an expert bike rider. he loves to share his expertise with anyone who will listen to him. Roman's favorite line is "if you wanna go really really speedy fast you have to push real hard on the pedals" - Answers intuitive thought During a visit to the dentist, 2 year old Arya saw a mural with a mermaid on it. She said "Hey, mom why is that fish woman swimming in water?" Beginning process of - Answers accommodation Primary circular reactions are activities that focus on ____while secondary reactions involve actions relating to ___ - Answers the infants own body; the world outside According to Bailargeon, Paiget's method of measuring object permanence relied too heavily on infants' - Answers number concept skills One critique of Piaget's work is that it is not generalizable to other populations besides the one he studied. His work seems to best describe children from - Answers Western countries According to Piaget, the ability to take multiple aspects of a situation into account is called - Answers decentering Seven-year-old Adriana ran in from school and shouted "Hey mom did you know that 2+3 is the same as 3+2" - Answers reversibility Most studies show that only ___ of college students and adults achieve formal operational thinking completely - Answers 40-60% According to Piaget's theory, children's understanding grows through two main processes: ___ in which the child places a new stimulus or experience within the context of the way he or she currently thinks; and ______ in which the child changes his or her way of thinking to include the new stimulus or experience - Answers accommodation, assimilation Joseph was talking to his grandmother on the phone telling her than he no longer slept in a crib, He then proceeded to hold the phone over to the bed and said "see grammie, i have anew big boy bed!" - Answers egocentrism The first stage of Piaget's theory of cognitive development begins with reflect action and end with mental representations. First stage is - Answers sensorimotor stage Piaget's cognitive theory stresses the ___changes that occur in each stage - Answers qualitative During the formal operational stage of Piaget's cognitive development theory, the adolescent will start with a general theory about what produces a particular outcome and then deduce explanations for specific situations in which he or she sees that particular outcome. ___reasoning - Answers hypotheticodeductive Mishka was able to construct a model car with the help of his dad. His dad helped him to organize the pieces of the model and then showed him how to connect the first to pieces. Soon Mishka was working more an more independently. This process is an example of Vygotsky's concept of - Answers scaffolding Children are more capable at an earlier age than Piaget's account would lead us to believe. Piaget underestimated children's cognitive abilities because he - Answers tended to concentrate on children's deficiencies instead of the impotencies According to Vygotsky, the level at which a child can almost, but not fully comprehend or perform a task on his or her own is known as the - Answers zone of proximal development Daniel understand the difference between rows of two and three toy animals, regardless of the animal's spacing. This suggests that Daniel knows how to count. Further, contrary to Piaget, Daniel knows about - Answers convservation