Recombinant DNA Technology Chapter 7 Review Questions with Complete Solutions Graded A+

Recombinant DNA Technology Chapter 7 Review Questions with Complete Solutions Graded A+ plasmid/vector - Answers small circular piece of DNA found in bacteria, often carry antibiotic resistance restriction enzymes - Answers molecular scissors restriction endonucleases - Answers act on DNA. recognize specific sequences and cut them. involved in "restricting" growth of bacteriophage in certain bacteria cloning - Answers fusing of 2 pieces of DNA together recombinant DNA molecules - Answers constructed with DNA from different species. these can be found in nature. (e.g., bacteriophage infecting bacteria and inserting its DNA into host) methylation adenine - Answers bacterial genome protects itself from EcoR1 by ______ at specific _____ residues gel electrophoresis agarose (or polyacrylamide) - Answers restriction fragments can be separated by __________ in _______ gels ethidium bromide - Answers the separated fragments of gel electrophoresis can be visualized by staining with _________ DNA ligase recombinant DNA - Answers the fragmented DNA and a vector are combined by ______ which generates ______ plasmids bacteriophages viruses artificial chromosomes - Answers cloning vectors can be: MCS (multiple cloning site) - Answers multiple unique sites close together that can by cut by restriction enzymes ori - Answers origin of replication is abbreviated Kan^r - Answers antibiotic resistance genes are abbreviated rop - Answers gene that regulates replication for ~20 copies of the plasmid per cell (how many to replicate for each cell) lacZ - Answers multiple cloning site is inside of the ___ gene in this vector blue - Answers vectors without inserts in the lacZ gene will give rise to ____ colonies in the prescence of X-gal white - Answers vectors with DNA inserted in the lacZ gene yield ____ colonies transformation - Answers after ligating a vector and insert DNA in vitro, the recombinant DNA is introduced into E. coli. This is called selection - Answers cells are grown under conditions in with only the transformed cells survive. this is called screening - Answers transformed cells are tested for the presence of the recombinant DNA. this is called Kanr and Ampc - Answers the two genes that are used for screening: B-lactamase ampr - Answers only the cells that are transformed and contain the ______ gene are _____. This makes them able to grow on media containing ampicillin DNA library - Answers this library consists of all the DNA molecules generated by ligating the fragments of a particular DNA into vectors (whole genome; same genome for skeletal and skin cells) genomic library - Answers represent ALL of the DNA from an organisms genome - both expressed and non-expressed DNA from the organism cDNA libraries - Answers libraries represent all mRNAs made in a given cell or tissue - so only cloning DNA that encodes genes complementary DNA - Answers cDNA means reverse transcriptase - Answers cDNA is dbl stranded DNA made with ______ poly A tails - Answers the purification of mRNA for making cDNA libraries depends on mRNA's __________ which are not present in rRNA and tRNA dTTTPs - Answers ____ are the hook used to meet up with the poly A tails of mRNA for isolation oligo dT - Answers to make cDNA: primer (_______), reverse transcriptase and dNTPs are added to mRNA in order to create a single strand of DNA attached to mRNA